Beidou Yi Township, Yongping County, Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Beidou Yi nationality township

Beidou Township covers an area of 481.9 square kilometers, with a forest area of 585800 Mu and a forest coverage rate of 83.2%. It governs 9 villages and 120 groups, with a total number of 3807 households, including 3223 households and 12200 permanent residents (in 2017). Six ethnic groups, including Yi, Bai, Hui, Lisu, Miao and Han, live together.

General situation of villages and towns

Beidou is the hometown of high-quality pickled walnuts. The main highways in Beidou include national highway 320, Yunlong golden highway and old Yunnan Burma highway. Beidou township is characterized by wide mountains, sparse population, intact vegetation, green and quiet mountains, beautiful scenery and pleasant scenery.

Beidou township is a subtropical plateau monsoon climate area, with the highest altitude of 2988 meters and the lowest altitude of 1360 meters. It has obvious three-dimensional climate characteristics. The annual rainfall is sufficient, with an average annual rainfall of 970.5 mm and an average annual temperature of 15.1 ℃. The annual frost free period is up to 293 days. It is suitable for planting rice, corn, flue-cured tobacco, buckwheat, tartary buckwheat, white kidney bean and other crops, and for soaking walnut, sericulture, winter peach and other crops The growth of economic forest fruit.

The township has a total area of 24527.4 mu of arable land, including 20914 mu of regular cultivation (including 1752 mu of paddy field and 19162 mu of dry land), 1.76 mu of per capita arable land, mainly planting corn, flue-cured tobacco, rice, buckwheat and other crops. In 2008, the total sown area of grain was 32900 mu, including 13800 mu in spring and 19100 mu in spring. The total grain output was 5899 tons, 3321 mu of flue-cured tobacco was planted, 5664 hundred kg of tobacco leaves were purchased, and the income of tobacco farmers was 4.5 million yuan.

There are 12710 large livestock in stock. The total rural economic income of the township is 100.7 million yuan, the per capita net income is 1670 yuan, the total industrial investment is 15.2 million yuan, the industrial output value is 19.64 million yuan, the industrial added value is 5.17 million yuan, and the financial revenue at the same level is 4.17 million yuan.

Resources and environment

Ecological forest

Beidou township has a good climate, high vegetation coverage and diversity of wild animals and plants.

The main plant resources are: Pinus yunnanensis, Pinus armandii, pear, melon, walnut, bamboo, eucalyptus, etc;

Wild medicinal materials mainly include gentian, yunfangfeng, Gastrodia elata, cihuanglian, insect mole, musk, etc.; wild animals mainly include bear, wild boar, pangolin, pheasant, golden pheasant, Silver Pheasant, muntjac, Swertia (musk deer), etc.

Beidou township has 139.39 million mu of forest land, including 126.17 million mu of economic forest and fruit land.

Walnut cultivation has a long history. Develop one household with ten thousand mu of Eucalyptus.

Beidou township is rich in water energy resources, forest resources and lead, zinc, silicon, anthracite, limestone and other metal and non-metallic mineral resources.

The main rivers are Xili River and Liumi river. The hydropower resources have been developed and utilized, forming a small hydropower industry with dawantang hydropower station as the leader and Liumi River Hydropower Station as the focus;

Lead, zinc, iron ore and anthracite are also gradually recognized by the outside world. Some investors have initially reached the intention of risk exploration in heidouchang, Xincun and other places, and are about to open up a new milestone in the development of Beidou mining electricity integrated industrial township.

The unique ecological resources in Beidou provide a natural pasture for the development of livestock industry.

There are 2 frozen semen improvement stations and 3 improvement points in the township, and 50 beef cattle breeding demonstration households have been built.

Historical evolution

Located in the mountains in the northeast of Yongping County, there is a beautiful mountain nationality township called Beidou. In January 1984, according to the spirit of the province and the state, the county Party committee and the county government changed Beidou, which was then the people's commune, into Beidou district. The organization was set up by the district Party committee and the district office, which were the agency of the county Party committee and the County People's government. The original production brigade was abolished, and small townships were established on the basis of the brigade system, with township party branches and township governments. At that time, Beidou District governed Meihua, Shangzhai, Xincun, Huanglian, Beidou, Liumi, heidouchang, Shuanghe and lishuping townships. In 1987, the provincial Party committee and the provincial people's government decided to unify the political power system with the whole country, changing the districts set up in 1984 into townships and the original small townships into village offices. In February 1988, Beidou District officially withdrew from the district to build townships. The nine small townships under its jurisdiction were changed from townships to administrative villages, which were the agencies of townships.

human geography

Front of Wansong nunnery

Geographical location: Beidou Yi nationality township is located in the northeast of Yongping County, between 99 ° 24 ′ 52 ″ - 99 ° 47 ′ 48 ″ e, 25 ° 26 ′ 13 ″ - 25 ° 44 ′ 50 ″ n, across 22 ′ 56 ″ E and 18 ′ 37 ″ W. From southeast to northwest, it looks like dumbbell.

Bonan ancient road, which is known as the Southwest Silk Road, passes through the border and has been an important gateway for government and business exchanges since ancient times. According to legend, Taibao mountain in the east of Beidou village has seven star stone, facing north, which is called Beidou.

The main highways in the territory are national highway 320, Yunlong golden highway and old Yunnan Burma highway. The highest altitude is 2988 meters, the lowest is 1360 meters, the difference between high and low altitude is 1620 meters, which has obvious three-dimensional climate characteristics. The whole Township belongs to the subtropical plateau monsoon climate, with abundant rainfall, natural clouds, fog, thunder and electricity, cool climate, annual average temperature of 12.9 ℃, annual frost free period of 269 days; few areas have a small amount of snowfall and hail in a suitable year, river wind, humid climate, soil type is yellow and black sand soil.

Plaque of Wansong nunnery

Beidou Township covers an area of 481.9 square kilometers, with a forest area of 580000 Mu and a forest coverage rate of 83%. Meihua, Shangzhai, Xincun, Huanglian, Beidou, Liumi, heidouchang, Shuanghe, lishuping and other 9 villages, 120 groups are under its jurisdiction. There are 3289 households in our Township, with a permanent resident population of 12200 (in 2017), where six ethnic groups, including Yi, Bai, Hui, Lisu, Miao and Han, live together.

ethnic minority

Lao Wu nationality

Laowu people live in Liumi, heidouchang, Shuanghe and lishuping villages. They mainly live in a branch of Yi people, Laowu. Lao Wu people have their own unique communication language, unique production and life style and ancient cultural flavor. When Lao Wu got married, he held a banquet. His relatives and friends would like to come to congratulate him. Let's have a drummer, a suona and a big tube. Lao Wu people believe in Buddhism, and they have to do some special sacrificial activities every happy event. But their sacrificial methods and supplies are between Taoism and Buddhism. They are not Taoism, they are not Buddhism, but they are more inclined to Buddhism. According to the situation, Lao Wu also organized singing and dancing activities, singing folk songs, singing tunes, drinking revelry, guessing boxing and making a lot of noise. For the funeral of Lao Wu people, they also need to invite a drummer to play the suona and the big tube. However, the happy events play the happy tune, while the funerals play the sad tune. The funeral etiquette is similar to that of the local Han people. In funeral, there is another custom of Laowu people, that is, before people die, they practice acupoints first, which is called "Li Sheng Ji". This is an old and unscientific custom, but it is still inherited by Laowu people. With the development of economy and society, the income level of Lao Wu people has been increasing, and "Li Sheng Ji" also shows the master's economic level. The dance of Lao Wu people is mainly foot stamping dance, with strong and fast rhythm. With the roar of people, the dance is cheerful and lively. There are many kinds of Yi People's costumes with various colors. They are not only different in gender, age, costumes and common costumes, but also wedding costumes, funeral costumes, priest costumes, war costumes and other special costumes. Due to the deep clan concept, many branches, vast territory, complex natural environment, different types of production and economy, and the interaction between nationalities, Yi costumes have formed obvious regional characteristics in their texture, style, ornaments, patterns and so on. The main artistic means of Yi costume is to make flowers. The Yi people call the decorative arts and crafts on clothing and articles "flower making". The beauty of Yi People's clothing lies in its various crafts, rich and changeable patterns, beautiful and harmonious colors. They process and decorate collar, powder, oil arm, nape, hem, trouser tube, trouser leg, shoes, hat, handkerchief, bag, apron and so on. For example, pan flower, embroidery and cross stitch are made of colored silk thread, which can be combined into various patterns in any color matching; while decal and patching are only used on monochrome cloth, and single composition is preferred. One pattern is one color, and many patterns are juxtaposed. In the use of color, when making flowers, they pay attention to the unity with "shape" to achieve a harmonious artistic effect, which shows the differences of the Yi people in the aspects of temperature, purity, lightness and color. They have rich practical experience and aesthetic experience.

Lisu nationality

In Shangzhai village, the Lisu People live in three villager groups: longzhanhe, wansongan and xinloufang. It is said that the Lisu People originally moved from yingtianfu (today's Nanjing City) in the Tang Dynasty to the West. During the westward migration, he stayed in Weixi of Diqing and Yongsheng of Lijiang. Later, he was chased by pursuers and moved westward. Some of them settled in today's Myanmar and some of them scattered all over the province. Therefore, the surnames of Lisu People mostly refer to things, such as he, Yu and Chu. After the ancestors of the local Lisu people moved to Yongping County from other places, they first went hunting to huajiaoshu in Shanyang Town, then to Dapingzi in Longjie Town, then to Hengqing and guahongshan in New Villages of Beidou Township, and finally came to wansongan to settle down. The history of the local Lisu People is only a few generations, but it is commendable that they still maintain their own national habits and beliefs. Like many nationalities, Lisu People here still have their own characteristics

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Da Li Bai Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Yong Ping Xian Bei Dou Yi Zu Xiang