Ganhe Yi Township, Yanshan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Ganhe Yi nationality township

Ganhe Yi township of Yanshan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, has a mild climate and a subtropical climate, with an annual average temperature of 16.1 ℃ - 16.7 ℃. The terrain of the township is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. It is a typical karst landform with an altitude of 1440-1500 meters.

introduce

Ganhe Yi township of Yanshan County, Wenshan Zhuang and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Yunnan Province, has a mild climate and a subtropical climate, with an annual average temperature of 16.1 ℃ - 16.7 ℃. The terrain of the township is high in the northeast and low in the southwest. It is a typical karst landform with an altitude of 1440-1500 meters.

geographical position

Ganhe township is located in the northeast of the central part of Yanshan County, 15 kilometers away from the county. It is located between longitude 104 ° 15 ′ - 104 ° 18 ′, north latitude 23 ° 39 ′ - 23 ° 51 ′. It is connected with Zhela Township in the southeast, Jiangna town in the Southwest, AQI Township in the northeast and Weimo Township in the West. The maximum horizontal distance from east to west is 10.375 km, and the maximum vertical distance from north to south is 23.25 km. It covers an area of 237.1 square kilometers.

natural condition

Ganhe and Kaji administrative villages in the East and northeast of Ganhe township are low mountainous areas, mainly earth mountains, which belong to valley trough area and are suitable for rice production; Biyun and Hongsheke administrative villages in the southwest are mainly limestone, which belong to hilly Bazi and are semi mountainous areas, mainly red and black foam soil, which are suitable for crops such as Baogu, peanut, pepper and flue-cured tobacco. Generally, the sea level is between 1440 m and 1540 m, with a relative height difference of 50-200 M. the highest point is Biyun mountain in the south of the township, with a sea level of 1776 M. The lowest point is the exit of Gongge river at the junction of the northern part of the township and vimo, with an altitude of 1440 meters. the climate in the district is mild and subtropical, with an annual average temperature of 16.1 ℃ - 16.7 ℃, the average temperature in the hottest month (July) of 21.8 ℃, the average temperature in the coldest month (January) of 8.9 ℃, the extreme highest temperature of 34 ℃, and the lowest temperature of - 7.2 ℃. There are 267 days above 10 ℃ in a year, the accumulated temperature is 5000 ℃, the frost free period is 303 days, the annual rainfall is 1030 mm, the evaporation is 1960 mm, and the average relative humidity is 79%. The annual sunshine is 1934 hours, and the solar radiation is 125 kcal per square centimeter. The main disasters are drought, waterlogging, gale, insect disaster, etc., and drought in winter and spring, waterlogging in summer and autumn.

Water resources

The water system of the township is Xijiang River System in the Pearl River Basin. The main river is Gongge River, which is entered by Longmai village group of Ganhe village committee, flows through Ganhe, Kaji Bazi and other places, leaves by songke village group of Kaji village committee, and enters douguo village committee of Weimo Township, with a total length of 20 kilometers, an average width of 3 meters, a depth of 2 meters, and an average flow of 260 cubic meters per hour. the maximum flow (July) is 6000 cubic meters per hour, and the pH value is neutral. The main mineral resources in the township are coal. Ganhe and Hongsheke have lean coal and anthracite, with a reserve of more than 13 million tons, a calorific value of 4800-6000 kcal / kg and an annual output of 30000-50000 tons. They are mainly used for domestic and industrial coal in the county and nearby rural areas. In addition, there are bauxite, lead-zinc ore, mercury ore, iron ore, etc. There are many karst caves in Shishan area, especially Baiyin cave in xiaxinzhai village, 3km away from the township government. The cave is 1km long and has development value.

human geography

"Ganhe" is named after a seasonal river that flows through Ganhe village. In 1933, xiaoweimo county was incorporated into the joint political situation. It was established as Sanhe Town in 1935. In 1971, Weimo commune was divided into district communes. In 1984, it was changed into Ganhe District, with four townships under its jurisdiction: Ganhe, Kaji, Biyun and Hongsheke. In 1988, it was established as Ganhe Yi nationality township and the people's Government of Ganhe Yi nationality township was established. It has four village offices, Ganhe, Kaji, Biyun and Hongsheke. In 2000, after the Village Reform Commission, the original four village offices were renamed villagers' committees. The township governs 4 village committees of Ganhe, Kaji, Biyun and Hongsheke, 55 village groups, 4942 households and 22944 people; there are 5 ethnic groups of Yi, Zhuang, Han, Miao and Yao, with a permanent resident population of 26922 (2017), which is the township with the highest proportion of ethnic minorities in the county. Over the years, people of all ethnic groups in the township have been living together on an equal footing, respecting and harmonizing with each other, breaking the custom of non intermarriage among ethnic groups. The people of all ethnic groups are simple, hospitable and good at singing and dancing. Through their respective national festivals, they communicate with each other and effectively promote the stable economic and social development of the township.

Regional programs

In addition to traditional festivals, all ethnic groups in the township have their own unique festivals, especially the Yi and Zhuang festivals. Yi people have "Torch Festival" and "grass Horse Festival". The torch festival of Yi people is held on June 24 every year. On that night, the masses will light the flaming torch, sing and dance, and use fire to drive away the pestilence and disease, so as to ensure the safety of their families and the harvest of crops. The grass Horse Festival of Yi people is passed by the villagers according to the auspicious day of heaven. Its origin has a mythical color. It is said that in the flood and famine era The Yi people here suffered from natural and man-made disasters, and they lived in extreme poverty. So the two Fairies in the sky decided to come down to save the world. They became two horses carrying gold and silver to save the people here. But because of the long journey, the two horses fell to the ground and died at the edge of the stockade. After their death, they ascended to heaven, and the people here were liberated. From then on, people held a grand commemoration on a rat day before August 15. The Yi people sang and danced, and sent two horses made of grass from the east to the West.

historical origin

Zhuang culture has a long history, and its folk customs are simple. There are many traditional festivals and celebrations among the Zhuang people. In addition to the April and October of the lunar calendar, every month has its own festival. The festival with more national color includes "February Zhuang new year's Day", the memorial day is the first, second and third day of the lunar new year; "March Dragon Festival", the memorial day is chosen by each village On this festival, the Zhuang people will sacrifice cattle, pigs, chickens and ducks to the "Dragon King", hoping that the Dragon King will say good things for the people and have a good harvest in the coming year. "June LIULANG Festival" is the festival that the Zhuang people sacrifice Yang LIULANG on the first, second and third days of June. It is said that Yang LIULANG passed by the Zhuang villages when he led the soldiers to fight and killed the demons for the Zhuang people In order to commemorate Yang LIULANG, every family has to take out their own red glutinous rice, and some villages kill pigs, cattle, chickens and ducks to sacrifice their heroes. "July Qilang Festival" is similar to "LIULANG Festival"; August is the "try new festival" of Zhuang nationality, and the festival is determined according to the day selected by each village The harvest of grain, prepare a rich dinner, sacrifice to ancestors, at the same time, also invite relatives and friends to taste together; November for the winter festival, that winter has come, hard year of farming cattle also want to winter, for this reason, every family will be pounded glutinous rice cake stick on their horns, it is said that if the owner does not stick Baba on the horns, the cattle go to drink water to see If there is no Baba on the horn, the cow will be very sad and shed tears. in addition, the Miao and Yao people living in the township also have their own unique festivals, which are closely related to their own folk customs.

socioeconomic

Ganhe township has four villagers committees, Ganhe, Kaji, Biyun and Hongsheke, with a permanent resident population of 26922 (in 2017), and five ethnic groups, namely Yi, Zhuang, Han, Miao and Yao, are living in Ganhe Township, which has the highest proportion of ethnic minorities in the county. The total area of cultivated land in the township is 27966 mu; in 2006, the per capita grain of farmers was 307 kg, and the per capita net income of farmers was 1198 yuan. The local fiscal revenue was 712600 yuan, and the fiscal expenditure was 2.052 million yuan. The poor people and poor financial situation are the basic rural feelings of our township. the total area of cultivated land in the township is 27966 mu, and the per capita cultivated land is 1.23 mu. Among them, there are 8910 mu of farmland, mainly producing rice, corn, wheat and soybean, and the main economic crops are flue-cured tobacco, pepper and peanut. In 2006, the total rural economic income of the township was 45.93 million yuan, an increase of 3.4 million yuan or 8% over the previous year. The gross industrial and agricultural production was 48.62 million yuan, an increase of 2.32 million yuan or 5% over the previous year. The total grain output was 9.246 million kg, an increase of 511000 kg or 5.85% over the previous year. The per capita grain of farmers was 307 kg, and the per capita net income of farmers was 1198 yuan.

Characteristic industry

The township's industries are mainly planting and breeding, mainly developing flue-cured tobacco, pepper, pig breeding and goat breeding. In 2007, the township completed the task of planting 1000 mu of flue-cured tobacco, purchased 2700 tobacco leaves, accounting for 100% of the tasks assigned by the county, realized the income of tobacco farmers of 1657700 yuan, the income of tobacco tax of 364700 yuan, the average price of 12.28 yuan (ranking second in the county), and the proportion of superior tobacco reached 70.7% (ranking second in the county). The average household income was 11756 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 5228 yuan. The output value per mu reached 1657.7 yuan, a year-on-year increase of 271.7 yuan. Basically achieve the three growth goals of tobacco farmers, finance and tobacco enterprises. After a period of ups and downs, the flue-cured tobacco industry in our township has gradually embarked on the goal of achieving the three growth goals of tobacco farmers, finance and tobacco enterprise income since 2004, and further established its position as a pillar industry. The flue-cured tobacco production in our township has gradually stepped into the road of healthy and stable development. In 2007, the township planted 18 450 mu of Pepper (including 9 000 mu of winter early pepper and 949 mu of order), with an output of 1.7 million hectares

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Wen Shan Zhuang Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Yan Shan Xian Gan He Yi Zu Xiang