Qiaotou Miao and Zhuang Township, Hekou Yao Autonomous County, Honghe Hani and Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Yunnan Province

Qiaotou Miao Zhuang Township

Qiaotou Miao Zhuang township is one of 506 poverty-stricken townships in Yunnan Province, and one of 106 poverty-stricken townships of ethnic minorities in Yunnan Province. It is located in the southeast of Yunnan Province, in the north east of Hekou County, between 22 ° 27 to 22 ° 45 north latitude and 104 ° to 104 ° 17 east longitude. It borders mengkang County in Laojie province of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam in the southeast, and Maguan County in Wenshan Prefecture in the West The line is 81 km long and 80 km away from Hekou County. The land port leading to Vietnam has two provincial channels: paper mill and Laoka.

geographical environment

The landform belongs to the middle mountain narrow valley landform. The highest altitude is 1654 meters for the main peak of fangmashao, and the lowest altitude is 340 meters for Chahe gorge. The large altitude difference forms a three-dimensional climate of five climate zones from subtropical to warm temperate zone. The annual average temperature is 19 ℃. With a total area of 165.06 square kilometers, the township governs 8 village committees, 116 villager groups and 19472 permanent residents (in 2017). There are 25 villager groups distributed on the border, which has a very important strategic position in national defense and the advantageous location of foreign trade ports. There are five rural fairs (Qiaotou, Laoka, Chahe, laojiezi and paper mill fairs) in the area. There are 13 ethnic minorities such as Miao, Zhuang, Yao, Dai and Buyi living in the territory. The traditional folk festivals include Miao's "caihuashan Festival", Zhuang's "June year", Yao's "March 3", Buyi's "Niuwang Festival" and so on. It is a typical border and multi-ethnic town.

nation

The township is a collection of ethnic, remote, mountainous, poverty as one of the ethnic township. The ethnic distribution is mainly concentrated in four areas. That is: xiawanzi and laojiezi villages are mostly Miao gathering points; Zhongzhai villages are mostly Zhuang gathering points; Qiaotou and laowangshan villages are mostly Buyi gathering points; bozhuqing and zhulinzhai villages are mostly Yao gathering points. Since ancient times, Qiaotou has been one of the main channels from the mainland to Vietnam. In the township, there are two provincial ports of paper factory and Laoka. The port of paper factory is only 12 kilometers away from mengkang County, Vietnam, so the transportation is very convenient.

natural resources

The main industry is agriculture, with rice and corn planting as the main industry and pig breeding as the main industry. Agricultural special projects such as star anise, grass fruit, citrus, banana, mulberry planting and silkworm rearing have also been promoted to a certain extent. It is rich in water resources and abundant in rainfall, with an average annual precipitation of 36492 million cubic meters. The main river is Qiaotou River. There are certain reserves of gold, antimony and other mineral resources in the territory. Due to the unique three-dimensional climate and rich biological resources, there are Alsophila spinulosa, bee monkey, pangolin, wild boar, monkey and other national wild animals and plants.

History and Humanities

The township is a collection of ethnic, remote, mountainous, poverty as one of the ethnic township. Because most of the ethnic minorities on our border and Vietnam border are Miao and Yao. In order to carry out ethnic cultural exchange activities, some ethnic minorities organize various ethnic cultural activities on their own in the village committees or villagers' groups where ethnic groups are concentrated. During the cultural activities, the same ethnic groups along the border of Vietnam were invited to participate in and exchange with each other. At ordinary times, the ethnic minorities along the border between China and Vietnam spontaneously carry out various kinds of ethnic cultural exchanges regularly or irregularly. For example, the Miao people's "Huashan Festival", the Miao people's most solemn "Huashan Festival" is held every year. The two sides jointly give programs and sing on the same stage, strengthening the Miao people's language and cultural exchanges; the Yao people's "March 3" festival, the Yao people's "March 3" festival every year At the same time, we invite the Yao people on the border of Vietnam to sing to each other. In this way, we can carry out ethnic cultural activities and exchanges, and better promote the cultural exchanges of ethnic minorities on the border and the harmonious development of ethnic groups on the border between China and Vietnam. 1. Production and living conditions of the villagers in the first line of the township. The border line of the township is 81 kilometers long, accounting for 42% of the county's border line. There are 35 boundary markers and 26 villager groups distributed on the border line. It has a very important strategic position of national defense and a advantageous location of foreign trade port. In recent years, with the concern and support of Party committees, governments and relevant departments at all levels, the economy of the township has been developing continuously, the society has been stable, the production and living conditions of the border people have been improving continuously, and the living standards have been improving year by year. Especially with the concern and support of the provincial, state and County People's committees, since the implementation of the "prospering the border and enriching the people" project and the housing project, the housing, electricity, drinking water and communication of the border people along the border have been improved Infrastructure construction has been greatly improved, and difficult problems such as drinking water and lighting along the border have been solved. The settlement and stability of the production and life of the people on the frontline of the border further consolidated and improved the patriotic enthusiasm of the people on the frontline of the township, enhanced the patriotic consciousness of the people, and ensured the consolidation of the border defense and the people's living and working in peace and contentment. 2. The production and living conditions of the first line villagers in Vietnam. It is understood that in order to ensure the consolidation and tranquility of the border and the economic development of the border, the Vietnamese side currently adopts relevant preferential policies on the frontier, encourages the border residents to settle down in the frontier and carry out production and life, and encourages the border residents who are willing to work and live in the frontier to give corresponding preferential policies, providing economic and material support for the border residents (10000 yuan per household) And a radio recorder). 3. Frontier trade. the township is connected with Vietnam by mountains and rivers. The Laoka port and the paper mill port (provincial port) are near the border. Laoka port is connected with Hualong Township, mengkang County, Vietnam, and the paper mill port is connected with mengkang Township, mengkang County, Vietnam. These two ports are the important ports for foreign trade of the township. Every fair day, nearly dozens of people come to our border market (port) to do business. Most of them buy goods from us. The goods are mainly daily necessities, general merchandise, some cloth and chemical fertilizer, which plays a positive role in promoting personnel exchanges and economic and trade cooperation between the two sides. A total of 2641 people left the country, 2391 people entered the country, 1241 vehicles left the country and 586 vehicles entered the country. The total amount of border import and export trade reached 2.305 million yuan, including 1.408 million yuan of import and 897000 yuan of export. In recent years, on the whole, the border trade of the township has been in a recession. The development speed of the border trade is slow or even declining. The total income of the border trade in recent three years is far lower than that in previous years. The main reason is that the policies of border management and border trade are not coordinated and matching, and the terms are divided. On the other hand, the opening-up is not strong enough, so the lag in the development of border trade will become more and more obvious.

rural economy

Hetou township is a traditional agricultural township. Planting and breeding industry account for a large proportion of the total income of rural economy. The main crops in the territory are rice, corn and soybean; the main economic crops are peanut, sugarcane, star anise, caokuo, cinnamon, banana, citrus, etc. In 2006, Qiaotou Township conscientiously implemented various policies and measures to support and benefit agriculture, tried every means to promote agricultural production and farmers' income, and effectively ensured the economic interests of farmers. The agriculture and rural economy of Qiaotou Township showed a good development trend. The rural economy and farmers' income continued to grow. According to the statistical report, in 2006, the total rural economic income of the township was 21.54 million yuan, an increase of 1.97 million yuan or 10.1% over the previous year. Among them, planting income was 9.31 million yuan, accounting for 43.2% of the total income, an increase of 1.11 million yuan over the previous year, a year-on-year increase of 13.5%; forestry income was 1.47 million yuan, accounting for 6.8% of the total income, an increase of 200000 yuan over the previous year, a year-on-year increase of 15.7%; animal husbandry income was 6.09 million yuan, accounting for 28.3% of the total income, a decrease of 120000 yuan over the previous year, a year-on-year decrease of 2%; fishery income was 40000 yuan, accounting for 0.2%; secondary and tertiary industry income was 4.63 million Yuan, accounting for 21.5% of the total income, an increase of 780000 yuan over the previous year, a year-on-year increase of 20.3%; the per capita net income of farmers was 1072 yuan, an increase of 109 yuan over the previous year, an increase of 11.3%. Grain production increased steadily. The total grain output of the whole Township reached 6716 tons, 26 tons more than that of 2005, with a year-on-year increase of 0.4%; the per capita grain output was 421 kg, 4 kg more than that of the previous year, with a year-on-year increase of 1%. The township has 10452 mu of economic forest and fruit area, realizing an annual output value of 2.32 million yuan. Among them, the economic forest area is 8081 mu, and the fruit area is 2371 mu. animal husbandry maintained rapid development, and the output of meat, poultry and eggs increased in an all-round way. There are 11911 live pigs, 10339 live pigs; 43260 live poultry, 47576 live pigs; 4229 large livestock, 72 live pigs; the total output of meat is 764.2 tons; the output of eggs is 15.6 tons.

cultural education

There is a junior middle school with 72 staff, including 54 full-time teachers, 18 teaching classes, 761 students, 666 resident students and 591 minority students, accounting for 77.66%. There are 9 primary schools, 11 teaching sites and 204 teaching staff in the township, including 179 full-time teachers, 81 teaching classes, 1884 students and 1499 minority students, accounting for 79.56%. There are 1684 school-age children, including 1681 school-age children, with an enrollment rate of 99.82% and a drop out rate of 0.05%. 1686 labor services were exported, and the income of migrant workers reached more than 4.9 million yuan; the birth rate of the population in Renxiang was controlled at 7.32%. All the family planning indicators were controlled within the number of tasks assigned by the county; 12913 rural medical security participants were achieved, accounting for more than 81%; 125 "Ten Star civilized households" were developed, 2 civilized villages at the county level, and state level

Chinese PinYin : Yun Nan Sheng Hong He Ha Ni Zu Yi Zu Zi Zhi Zhou He Kou Yao Zu Zi Zhi Xian Qiao Tou Miao Zu Zhuang Zu Xiang