Maotai Town, Renhuai City, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province

Maotai Town

Maotai town is a town under the jurisdiction of Renhuai City, Zunyi City, Guizhou Province. It is located in the northwest of Guizhou Plateau, on the north side of the western section of Dalou mountains, near Zunyi in the north and South Sichuan in the south. Maotai town is located on the Bank of Chishui River, which is the throat of water and land transportation in Sichuan and Guizhou. In the lush riverside area, there are "Red Army martyrs cemetery" and "Red Army crossing monument". Chishui River shipping runs through the whole area, and renlin, Maodan, Maoxi and zunmao highways gather here. Maotai town is not only an important hub connecting Sichuan and Guizhou, but also a channel connecting Zunyi, a famous historical city, and Chishui, a national scenic spot.

Maotai town has always been a famous town in northern Guizhou. In ancient times, there was a portrayal that "Sichuan salt went to Guizhou and Qin merchants gathered in Maotai". Maotai Town is China's sauce and wine holy land, the Baijiu industry flourished in the field. In 1915, Moutai won the gold medal at the Panama world fair. In 1935, China's workers and Peasants Red Army march on Moutai in Chishui. Maotai Town integrates ancient salt culture, long march culture and liquor culture, and is known as "the first liquor town in China".

On October 14, 2016, Maotai town was listed as the first batch of small towns with Chinese characteristics. In November 2017, Maotai town was awarded "China's top ten quality leisure bases in 2017". In November 2017, Maotai town was awarded the fifth national civilized village.

On October 8, 2018, it was selected as one of the top 1000 towns with comprehensive strength in China in 2018. On October 8, 2019, it will be selected into the top 100 towns of China's top 1000 comprehensive strength in 2019.

Historical evolution

According to records, the ancient puliao tribe lived in the ancient land of Maotai, where horse mulberry trees were everywhere. So it is named "masang bay". Later, a pure spring water was found on the East Bank of Chishui River. Puliao tribe built a square well, which was convenient for passers-by to drink. After a long time, people called it "Sifang well" instead of "masang bay".

Since then, the human activities along the river were frequent and gradually developed. Puliao people built earth platform behind the street, erected lamp poles to worship their ancestors, and revered their ancestors for opening up wasteland and breaking grass, which was commonly known as "Maotai". Since then, Maotai has got its name. It is famous and popular, and a large number of Pu Liao people settled here.

During the reign of emperor chengdi of the Western Han Dynasty, the productivity of Yelang area improved and the grain production had surplus, which provided material conditions for the rise of wine making industry.

After the Yuan Dynasty, there were Zhai, Cun, Ping, bu under the county, which was officially named "Maotai village" (the place name of Maotai village was first recorded in the genealogy of huaidesi an in the late Yuan and early Ming Dynasty). Later, it was also called "Mao Village".

In the Ming Dynasty, the Longevity Palace was built on Maotai street, and a very rare half bridge was built outside the palace. Local residents and past merchants went to the palace to worship incense and Buddha, so people also called Maotai Street "half bridge".

After the Ming Dynasty, Maotai became increasingly prosperous, and nine temples were built on both sides of the Chishui River. Among them, Guanyin temple and Yuwang palace collected three bronze drums of the Eastern Han Dynasty (one of which has been unearthed), so it is also called Sangu temple. Therefore, Maotai village is also called "Yungu town".

In 1745, Guizhou governor Zhang Guangsi asked to dig the Chishui River to open boats. Sichuan salt was transported into Guizhou by Chishui River and landed at Maotai, known as "ren'an", which became one of the four ports for Sichuan salt to enter Guizhou. Due to the smooth flow of water and land, merchants from all over the world gathered, and salt transport horse gangs and boats came in an endless stream. The market was prosperous. It became a prosperous market town where "Shu salt went to Guizhou, Qin merchants gathered in Maotai", "home only stores wine, and ships carry more salt". It was the main distribution center of materials in northern Guizhou. Therefore, it was once renamed "Yishang town" for short. But in the end, because people used to call Maotai, it was difficult to change, so it was changed to "Maotai town" again.

At the end of the Qing Dynasty and the beginning of the Republic of China, Maotai town was an important transportation port in northern Guizhou. Two thirds of the salt in Guizhou Province was transported from here. Therefore, Maotai town was famous. With the development of salt industry, liquor industry also flourished. Maotai liquor was transported to other places along with salt by the caravan, and gradually gained a great reputation, which gradually surpassed the salt industry. According to the records of Zunyi Prefecture, which was written in the reign of Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty, "Maotai liquor is made in Maotai village in the west of Renhuai City, which is the first liquor in Guizhou Province. There are no less than 20 houses in Maotai and no less than 20000 stones in mountain food. ". During the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty, "Maochun, Maotai Shaochun and Huisha Maotai" had been sold to all provinces, and their unique crafts had been basically finalized.

administrative division

Maotai town covers an area of 189.25 square kilometers, of which the urban area is 4.2 square kilometers. It has jurisdiction over 5 neighborhood committees and 8 administrative villages. Maotai Town governs Yangliuwan community, Guojiu community, Hebin community, Nan'ao community, Guanyinsi community, Yantan village, Guihua Village, Zhonghua village, Chunshu village, yuanmuyan village, Yangwan village, Taiping Village and Shangping village.

On December 8, 2015, the people's Government of Guizhou Province (QFH [2015] No. 294) approved to abolish the organizational system of Maotai Town, Erhe town and gaodaping Township, adjust some administrative divisions of Canglong street, HEMA Town, Sanhe Town and Daba Town, and set up a new Maotai town. The new Maotai Town governs 6 communities and 22 administrative villages, with the following regions: 5 communities, 8 villages in the original Maotai Town, 1 community, 2 villages in Erhe Town, 2 villages in Cangtai town Qingcaoba village in Longjie District, Luocun village and Datong village in HEMA Town, lurongba village in Sanhe Town, Yao village in Daba Town, and Yaoba village in gaodaping township. With a total area of 224.8 square kilometers and a total population of 102412, Maotai city has a population of 31000.

geographical environment

Location context

Maotai town is located on the East Bank of Chishui River, 13 km west of Renhuai City, 106 ° 22 ′ e, 27 ° 51 ′ n, close to the mountain and near the water, on the slope of Ma'anshan under hanpo mountain.

Geology and geomorphology

Maotai town is located in the Chishui River Valley, low-lying. The altitude of Dalou mountain around Chishui River is more than 1000 meters, but it is only more than 400 meters in Maotai valley.

The strata in Maotai town are composed of sedimentary rocks, which are purplish red conglomerate, fine sandstone with red gravelly soil. The geological and geomorphic structure of Maotai town is mainly composed of Jurassic Cretaceous purple sand shale and conglomerate, which has been formed for more than 70 million years. Due to the influence of altitude and soil forming parent material after rock weathering, purple soil is widely developed in Maotai area. This kind of soil is generally about 50 cm thick with moderate acidity and alkalinity. The content of gravel and sandy soil in the soil is high, and the water permeability is very good. When the groundwater and surface water pass through the red soil layer, a variety of trace elements beneficial to human body are dissolved, and through layers of infiltration and filtration, clear spring water is formed.

Climatic characteristics

It is warm in winter, hot in summer and less rain. The average annual temperature is 17.4 ℃, the highest temperature in summer is 40 ℃, and the hot season lasts for half a year. In winter, the frost free period is long and the temperature difference is small. The average annual frost free period is 359 days. The annual rainfall is only 800-900 mm. Sunshine duration is a high value area in Guizhou Province, which can reach 1400 hours per year.

Due to the heat, little wind and high temperature, the microbial community is easy to grow and not easy to be blown away, which greatly participates in the brewing process of Maotai liquor. The special microclimate of small wind speed, warm in winter, hot in summer, less rain and less wind is very conducive to the habitat and reproduction of Maotai brewing microorganisms.

economic construction

After the central government decided to strengthen the construction of small towns in 1991, since 1992, it has successively won the titles of "national key construction market town of small towns", "national comprehensive reform pilot town", "national financial system reform pilot town", "national small town construction demonstration town" and other pilot policies, making Maotai town the forefront of small town construction in the whole province.

From 1994 to 2000, through three large-scale planning adjustments, we established the idea of "developing characteristic industries, expanding characteristic economy and building characteristic cities", accurately positioned the construction of small towns in Maotai Town, and accelerated the development speed.

In 2003, the gross domestic product of Maotai town was 1.658 billion yuan, the gross industrial and agricultural output value was 1.6 billion yuan, and the town level fiscal revenue was 22.6 million yuan, with an increase of more than 30%.

In 2008, the town's GDP reached 6.3 billion yuan, realizing 44.26 million yuan of town level fiscal revenue, 9273 yuan of per capita disposable income for urban residents and 3782 yuan of per capita net income for farmers. The construction of economically strong towns ranked fourth in Zunyi City.

As of 2010, the local fiscal revenue of the town is 39.1 million yuan, the disposable income of urban residents is 25500 yuan, and the per capita net income of farmers is 3925 yuan.

Agriculture

Maotai Group guides farmers to plant organic sorghum, speeds up the transformation from traditional agriculture to characteristic agriculture, and increases the construction of raw material base. From 2006 to 2008, Maotai Group invested 11.03 million yuan to build a sorghum base of 270000 mu, providing 2.3 million kg of organic fertilizer free of charge; in 2009, the company invested more than 6 million yuan to establish a raw material base construction fund and an effective incentive mechanism, strengthen the management of order agriculture, make the construction of raw material base into a virtuous cycle of development, and ensure a long-term stable source of income for farmers. At the same time, in order to improve the enthusiasm of farmers to plant organic sorghum, Maotai Group insists on purchasing local organic raw materials at a preferential price far higher than the average market price to ensure the increase of farmers' income. Since 1984, Maotai Group insists on purchasing Organic Sorghum at a protective price far higher than the average market price. Since 2003, it has to pay nearly 160 million yuan more for this purchase Yuan, making the local 80000 farmers become the direct beneficiaries of "increasing grain production, agricultural efficiency and farmers' income".

In order to improve the quality of rural workers, realize the transfer of rural labor force, and meet the needs of upgrading the industrial structure and improving competitiveness, Maotai Group has continuously increased its efforts to assist Longjing Township and Houshan Township, which are national poverty-stricken townships, and actively implemented various measures to support agriculture,

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Zun Yi Shi Ren Huai Shi Mao Tai Zhen