Qingyan Town, Huaxi District, Guiyang City, Guizhou Province

Qingyan Town

Qingyan Town is located in the southern suburb of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, 29 kilometers away. It is the central distribution center of the southern suburb of Huaxi District. It is located at 106 ° 37 ′ - 106 ° 44 ′, 26 ° 17 ′ - 26 ° 23 ′, about 10 kilometers long from north to south, 8 kilometers wide from east to west, with a total area of 92.3 square kilometers. It connects Qiantao Township in the East, Yanlou Township and Maling Township in the west, and Huishui County in the south.

Qingyan Town is high in the East, West and North, and low in the middle and south. It is a hilly valley basin with an altitude of 1100-1300 meters. The highest peak is Damiao mountain with an altitude of 1330 meters. The lowest point is 1010 meters from Guantang River to Huishui in Siqian village. The altitude of the town government is about 1100 meters.

On October 14, 2016, Qingyan Town was listed as the first batch of towns with Chinese characteristics. On February 25, 2017, it was listed as a national 5A tourist attraction.

History of construction

Qingyan Town gets its name: according to the new records of Guizhou tujing, "Qingya is 50 Li south of the city, and the vanguard of Guizhou tuntian is under it". According to the records of Guiyang Prefecture, "Jue Hegan, you can see dozens of Li from it.". The local people named Tunpu "Qingya" and later wrote it as "Qingyan". Guizhou dialect belongs to the northern language family, "Yan" sound "Ai", hence its name.

In the early Ming Dynasty, Tunpu was set up in Qingyan ancient town. From the fourth to the seventh year of Tianqi (1624-1627), ban Lingui, a Buyi chieftain, built Qingyan Tucheng, led 72 villages and controlled eight tribes and twelve chieftains. In the sixth year of Hongwu (A.D. Qingyan is located in the middle of the main post road of Guangxi's entrance to Guiyang. On the post road, there are "shops" for delivering official documents and "ponds" for transmitting military information. The troops stationed at the foot of Shuangshi peak to build a village, which is historically known as "Qingyan village". In the sixth year of Longqing (1572), Qingyan division was set up. According to the records of Guiyang Prefecture, "Qingyan division, GuanZhai 27". It has jurisdiction over Manyuan from Jiading village of Gaopo Township in the East, Sunjiazhai and limuzhai village of Guangshun Prefecture in the south, shangxiabanqiao of mengguan Township and tongmuling of Huaxi Township in the north. The Tusi yamen is located in the southeast of shengba in the center of Qingyan City, with a jurisdiction area of more than 100 Li.

In the 26th year of Kangxi (1687), Guizhou Wei was dismissed, Guizhou avant-garde was changed to Guizhu County, Qingyan Town was reduced to "peripheral earth house", and its jurisdiction was incorporated into Guizhu county.

In the third year of the Republic of China, Guiyang government directly under the central government was changed into Guiyang County, with a town set up in Qingyan and a jurisdiction over 21 townships and towns.

In the 20th year of the Republic of China, it was changed into the Fourth District, with jurisdiction over 19 townships and towns.

In the 30 years of the Republic of China, Guiyang set up a city, and another Guizhu county was set up in Huaxi town. Qingyan Town was subordinate to Yanlou District of Guizhu county. The west gate of Qingyan City, qingyanchang, longjingzhai, Xinshao, maolou, dazang and other villages originally belonging to Guangshun Prefecture are all designated as Qingyan Town.

After liberation, the Second District of Guizhu county was set up here.

In 1953, the people's Government of Qingyan Town was established, with jurisdiction over eight small townships, including Qingyan Waijiao Longjing Yangmei new building, Qiantao zhaosiweng, etc.

In 1956, Qingyan Town governed Taohe and Xinshao.

In 1958, Qingyan people's commune was established, under the jurisdiction of Huaxi District.

In 1984, it was changed into Qingyan township.

In 1986, Qingyan township was abolished and merged into Qingyan Town.

geographical environment

Location context

Located in the southern suburb of Guiyang City, Guizhou Province, it is the central distribution center of the southern suburb of Huaxi District. It is about 10 km long from north to South and 8 km wide from east to west, with a total area of 92.3 square kilometers. It is adjacent to Qiantao Township in the East, Yanlou Township and Maling Township in the west, and Huishui County in the south. The total cultivated land area of the town is 19357 mu, including 12690 mu of paddy field, 0.8 mu of cultivated land per capita, 7160 mu of barren hills suitable for grazing, 2025 mu of water surface suitable for developing fishery production, and 6 Shantang reservoirs. The effective irrigation area accounts for 80% of the paddy field area. There are 16170 mu of forest land and 17584 mu of barren mountains suitable for forest, with a forest coverage rate of 13.29%. The main tree species are Pinus massoniana, Cunninghamia lanceolata and Pinus armandii, and the world's rare and precious tree species, such as Keteleeria glyptostroboides and Ancient Ginkgo biloba. The tree species dominated by pine occupy 75% of the timber forest area.

climate

The climate of Qingyan Town belongs to the subtropical monsoon humid area, with no severe cold in winter and no severe heat in summer. The annual average temperature is 15 ° and the relative humidity is 81%. The annual average sunshine hours are 1200-1300 hours, the annual rainfall is 1100-1200 mm, the annual frost free period is 273-280 days, the annual average wind force is 2-3, the dominant wind direction in summer is southward, and the winter is northward.

soil

The main soil types are yellow soil, calcareous soil and paddy soil. The soil is neutral and slightly acidic.

hydrology

The town is located in the south of tongmuling watershed of the Yangtze River and the Pearl River. It belongs to the Pearl River system. The river source is far away, the flow is fine, and the fluctuation range of flood and drought is large. There are Qingyan River, Yangmei River and Zhaosi river which belong to the Pearl River system, with an average runoff of 613 mm. There are four small reservoirs in Qingyan Town, Yangmei reservoir, Wenglong reservoir, Gutong reservoir and digmeichong reservoir.

administrative division

In 2015, the town has a total of 17 administrative villages (Nanjie Village, Xijie village, Beijie village, Waijiao village, Shanwangmiao village, Baituo village, Yangmei village, baizao village, Xinshao village, Siqian village, dazang village, Gutong village, xinlou village, erguan village, Daba village, Longjing Village, Xinguan Village), 2 neighborhood committees (Ming and Qing Dynasties, Dongjie Village), and 106 natural villages. The government is stationed at 240 traffic road.

Population nationality

In 2013, there were 33729 people from 11 ethnic groups, including Han, Miao, Buyi, Dong and Zhuang (including 7696 households, 31683 people and 2046 floating population).

By the end of 2015, there were 34300 permanent residents in the town (38% of them are ethnic minorities, mainly Miao and Buyi), and 16100 permanent residents in the town.

traffic

There are 210 national roads running through the north and south, Qinggao, Qingyan, Qingma lines and trunk roads running across the East and West, and the highway grade is 2-3. There are 17 administrative villages in the town, and the villages are connected with highways, and 106 natural villages are basically connected with highways.

famous scenery

overview

There are many ancestral temples in Qingyan Town, including nine temples, eight temples, eight archways, five pavilions, three caves, two ancestral halls, one courtyard, one palace and one government. There are eight archways inside and outside the city gate, and three existing.

Main attractions

Champion Mansion

Zhuangyuan mansion is the former residence of Zhao yijiong, the first scholar in Guizhou Province. It is located at No.1 Zhuangyuan street, a small town. In front of the courtyard is a simple couplet "Qin He Pu Zhi, the successor of the Analects", which shows the owner's lifelong wish. The mansion faces north and south. It is a courtyard with two entrances, one front and two sides. The style is Xieshan style, covering a total area of about 700 square meters. There are many different "Shou" characters on the walls of the front hall, main hall, Liangxiang and chaomen. It is said that they were left by Zhao yijiong's great grandfather Zhao lilun when he was 100 years old. The building is mainly made of wood structure, which is elegant but not publicized. It is quiet and quiet, with a scholarly style.

Zhao gongzhuan Temple

Zhao gongzhuan temple is located in the South Street of Qingyan Town. On October 9, 2003, Guiyang Municipal People's government announced it as a cultural relic protection unit of Guiyang city. It was built in Tongzhi period. Maintenance in 2001. Take south to north. It covers an area of more than 600 square meters and a building area of 250 square meters. "Zhao Gong Zhuan Ci" is engraved above the stone round arch. The hall has a width of three rooms, a width of 12 meters, a depth of three rooms, and a depth of 7.5 meters.

The stone archway

There are eight archways inside and outside the four gates of Qingyan ancient city. Only three of them are preserved, namely, the "Zhou Wang's daughter-in-law Liu's filial piety archway" outside the south gate, "Zhao lilun's Baishou archway" inside the south gate, and "Zhao caizhang's Baishou archway" outside the North gate. The architectural styles of the three archways are basically the same, with four pillars and three rooms, three floors and four roofs, 9.5 meters high and 9 meters wide, facing north and back to south, belonging to the architectural style of Qing Dynasty stone archways.

Wenchang Pavilion

Wenchang Pavilion is located at 143 East Street, covering an area of more than 800 square meters. Built in mingwan

Over the years, during the reign of Emperor Qianlong, it was rebuilt with brick and wood structure. It was built close to the mountain. It was an octagonal style of zanjiao tower. It was a place where scholars used to read, gather and worship the emperor Wenchang.

Longevity Palace in Qingyan

The Longevity Palace of Qingyan is located at No.3 West Street of Qingyan ancient town. It was built in the reign of Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty and rebuilt in the third year of Jiaqing (1798). At first, it was not a Taoist temple, but a guild hall in Jiangxi. It was a place for merchants from south to north. Later, it was transformed into a Taoist temple. The whole palace is composed of the main hall, the auxiliary hall, the west chamber, the theater and the living area. It covers an area of more than 1000 square meters from east to west. However, most of the buildings were destroyed during the cultural revolution and most of them were rebuilt later. The most attractive part of the palace is the theater, in which the wood carvings are superb. On the wooden crossbeam on the right side of the theater, a group of high relief figures are the most famous, with the contents of "Hongmen banquet", "ambush on all sides", "besieged on all sides" and so on, which have the characteristics of military culture.

Clingnancourt

The north gate, also known as Xuanwu Gate, is a double eaves Xieshan type roof timber structure building. The roof has a bluish gray tile surface and a clay ridge decoration. It is the place where Imperial Envoys issued imperial edicts to the emperor in ancient times. It was first built in Tianqi year of Ming Dynasty (1621-1624). In 1601, ban yingshou, the son of ban Linggui, rebuilt the earth wall into a stone wall. In 1798, Yuan Dapeng, a military officer, rebuilt and expanded it. It is one of the symbols of Qingyan military ancient town.

Dingguangmen

The South Gate of dingguang in Qingyan ancient town was built in 1660 when ban yingshou, the deputy chief of the army, expanded Qingyan city. During Xianfeng's reign, Zhao guopeng, the Prime Minister of Qingyan regiment, renovated the gate and tower of Qingyan city. The tower is three rooms wide, 4 meters deep and has a green tile roof. In 1993, dingguang south gate was rebuilt with special funds and funds from the government, and the roof was changed to yellow glazed tile. security

Chinese PinYin : Gui Zhou Sheng Gui Yang Shi Hua Xi Qu Qing Yan Zhen