Naozhou Town, Mazhang District, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province

Naozhou town

Naozhou town is located in the east of East island of Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province. It is under the jurisdiction of Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone. It is a famous abalone producing area. Located in the southeast of the city, it is an isolated island surrounded by the sea. It is the outlet of Zhanjiang port channel and adjacent to Donghai island. It covers an area of 56 square kilometers and has a population of 45383 (2017).

survey

It is rich in abalone, lobster, jiangyaozhu and so on, among which abalone is famous at home and abroad. Agriculture mainly produces rice, sugarcane and peanut. Township enterprises include net factories, ice factories, sugar factories, etc. There are ruins of Song Dynasty City, Song Dynasty Village, Song Dynasty well, dou zhenbiao tomb, Naozhou lighthouse and other historic sites. There are Ma'anshan "immortal ladder", naman stone forest, Nanbo River reef group and Haishitan tourist area. In 1278, the first year of song Xiangxing, Emperor min of Song Dynasty fled to Zhizhou island to avoid yuan soldiers and was once promoted to Xianglong county. It is the birthplace of Dou zhenbiao, a famous anti British general who was the commander of Fujian Navy in the Qing Dynasty.

Historical evolution

At the beginning of the founding of the people's Republic of China, it belonged to dongnaozhou special zone. In 1950, it was changed into Naozhou district. In 1952, it was assigned to Leidong county. In 1958, it was returned to the suburbs and called Naozhou branch. In 1983, it was restored to the district. In 1987, it was withdrawn from the district and built into a town. In 2009, Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone and East Island Economic Development Experimental Zone were merged into Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone, and now it is Naozhou town of Zhanjiang Economic and Technological Development Zone.

Original name

In ancient times, qiezhou was called qiezhou. At the end of Song Dynasty, Emperor Zhao Min ascended the throne on the island. After upgrading to Xianglong County, it began to change to Naozhou. "Song History · erwangji" contains: "Jingyan two years in March (1277) gangnaozhou. In April, gangzhuozhou was dominated by Wang Min, who was promoted to Xianglong county. In 1275, the yuan army sent troops to the south to conquer Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang). The generals of the Southern Song Dynasty, such as Lu Xiufu, Zhang Shijie, Wen Tianxiang, and 100000 soldiers escorted the 11 year old song duanzong and his younger brother Zhao Min to avoid the pursuit of the yuan soldiers. In March 1277, they fled from the southeast coast to qiaozhou island. Song duanzong was young and weak. He was tired of running. He was frightened all the way and died of illness on the island in April. After the funeral, Lu Xiufu and other ministers took 8-year-old Zhao Min as emperor, known as "Song Emperor Min" in history. After Zhao Min ascended the throne, he changed Xiangxing to Xianglong County, and planned to settle down in order to restore the country. Zhuozhou was covered with stones. The young emperor ordered his soldiers to dig stones, build stone walls, build a palace, and use stones as a cover to resist the yuan army. In ancient times, it was generally referred to that the nomadic people were Xiongnu. The ministers used stones to resist the Mongol army of Yuan Dynasty. They instructed the young emperor min to issue a decree: "to attack Xiongnu with stones, give it to Xiongnu", and change the island of qiaozhou into the island of qiaozhou. In the first year of Xiangxing (1278), the yuan army conquered Leizhou City. The right Prime Minister Zhang Shijie sent troops to attack Leizhou City many times, but they all failed. He felt that it was very difficult to attack and defend this island, and he was isolated and could not live for a long time. So he discussed with the right Prime Minister Lu Xiufu to protect Zhao Min, the young emperor, to move to xinhuiya mountain. Finally, the bloody battle at yamen, the total destruction of the army, Lu Xiufu embrace the emperor into the sea, the end of the Southern Song Dynasty. Although qiaozhou was changed to qiaozhou, the folk names of the two places still shared. In gaolei area, there is the earliest record of Gaozhou capital compiled in the Wanli year of Ming Dynasty, in which the place name of qiaozhou is still used. It is said that it was not until Emperor Daoguang of the Qing Dynasty tasted the abalone that qiaozhou was designated as a stable place name. Dou zhenbiao, the commander-in-chief of Fujian Navy in Guangdong Province, who was born in Naozhou, paid tribute to the fish (abalone) in Naozhou. After eating it, Daoguang felt like waking up from a dream. He was very happy, so he asked the origin of the fish. Dou HuiFu said that it was produced in qiaozhou, commonly known as Luozhou snail fish. It was qiezhou and it was qiezhou that confused the emperor. Only then did they know that it was Xianglong mansion, which was founded by Emperor Zhao of the Southern Song Dynasty, and the imperial decree designated qiezhou as qiezhou to commemorate the emperor of the Song Dynasty. From then on, the place names of Naozhou began to appear in CI yuan and historical books. Therefore, it may be true that Dou zhenbiao, Gong Bao, and Dao Guang named Naozhou. The word "Nao" has also become a unique character in Chinese characters. Even the authoritative modern Chinese dictionary does not have the place names of Beijing and Shanghai, but has a unique place name entry of Naozhou.

administrative division

It has jurisdiction over eight village committees, namely, Songhuang, menggang, Tanbei, Beigang, Nangang, Hongwei, Jinqian and Danshui.

Population data

(fifth census data)

45383 (2017).

Transportation

There is a road around the island in Naozhou Town, and there are car ferry and ferry to the southeast wharf.

Historical celebrities

Dou zhenbiao (1785-1850), a native of Wuchuan County, was born in a poor family. His parents died early when he was young. He raised cattle with his aunt. At the age of 15, he studied martial arts with the lion dance class. At the age of 17, he worked as an official in zhoudusi mansion. Because he was good at bowing and shooting and was familiar with water, he was respected by his superiors and enlisted in the Navy, In 1814 (the 19th year of Jiaqing), he promoted the navy to the Chinese garrison. In 1819 (the 24th year of Jiaqing), he was promoted to the military department of Haikou Association. In 1822 (the 2nd year of Daoguang), he was promoted to the guanghaizhai guerrilla. In 1826 (the 9th year of Daoguang), he was appointed to the chief of Qiongzhou town. In 1831 (the 11th year of Daoguang), he was recommended by Li Hongbin, governor of Guangdong and Guangxi, In 1841, he was promoted to be the commander of Guangdong Navy, and in the same year he was transferred to be the commander of Fujian Navy. He died in 1850. He was five years old. Dou zhenbiao lived in Jiaqing and Daoguang dynasties. At that time, China was in the end of feudal society, The Qing Dynasty has gone through the heyday of Kangxi and Qianlong, and has become increasingly corrupt. The ruling class is extravagant and licentious, the vast majority of the people are hungry and cold, class contradictions, national contradictions and contradictions within the ruling class are increasingly acute, thieves are everywhere, and the society is in turmoil. Due to the corruption of official administration, economic backwardness, and lax national defense, the Western colonialists have an opportunity to import a large number of opium, plunder China's silver, and poison the Chinese people, In this historical environment of internal and external troubles, dou zhenbiao, with his backward Navy, actively safeguarded the interests of the nation and served to consolidate the rule of the Qing Dynasty. He created an indelible historical achievement and left a little spiritual wealth for later generations

Dou zhenbiao had made great contributions in arresting robbers and pacifying the people, pacifying the rebellion, cooperating with Ma Jisheng to pacify Zhang Bing's rebellion in Taiwan, resisting the invasion of opium by British and foreigners, safeguarding the national interests, consolidating the feudal rule of the Qing Dynasty, and so on. After his death, dou zhenbiao was granted the title of "Zhenwei general" by the emperor of the Qing Dynasty, posthumous title of Wu Xiang, and was given to the crown prince of the Jin Dynasty, and all the punishments before his death were taken away, In addition to burying him, the Qing government also built a strong stone archway, Gongbao archway, in his hometown of Naozhou. On both sides of the archway, a couplet praising his achievements was engraved. The first couplet said: "the achievements of the Lin pavilion are far away, and the whales and salamanders are awed." the second couplet said: "the sheep tablet thinks of YONGBA, and the Min tiger speaks of his kindness.", But there are also Memorial "baogongdi" and imperial monument with foot stone turtle. The site and stele of "gongbaodi" still exist

tourist resources

Historical sites and customs of the Song Emperor

In the late Song Dynasty, although the two kings did not stay in Naozhou for a long time, they left many relics. There is a local folk saying: "qiaozhou island in the Tang Dynasty, the capital of the emperors in the late Song Dynasty, the secluded land, immortals and wind are here, but the Song Dynasty is not there". It can be seen that the historical sites of the Song Emperor have been spread among the people for a long time. With a long history and vicissitudes, some of them have disappeared and some are only remains. Today, there are still songhuangcun, Chima village, songhuangjing, songhuangbei, Xianglong academy and so on. These historic sites are precious historical relics and rich tourism resources of Naozhou, which makes "ancient charm of Naozhou" one of the eight scenic spots in Zhanjiang City.

The remains of the two kings of the Song Dynasty are mainly concentrated around the Songhuang village. Songhuang village is located 3.5 kilometers east of Naozhou Town, and now belongs to Songhuang village committee. Songhuang village is the residence of the late Southern Song Dynasty. It is powerful and beautiful. In that year, it built a palace and barracks here. According to the local chronicles, the number of courtiers, officers and soldiers, boatmen, palace maids and eunuchs who came to the island reached 100000, so they "cut down trees to build the palace It is also called "songhuangcun", which is also called "songhuangcheng". Most of the historic sites in Songhuang village have disappeared, only the remains of the ancient wall can be seen. On the north side of the city wall, the remnant is 10 meters long, 5 meters wide and 0.8 meters high. In the south, Chima village is said to be a place where military horse sheds are set up according to the types of horses. It is called Chima in the north and Jinma in the south. The name of Chima village is still used today. The well preserved one is song Huangjing. It is said that the second king of Song Dynasty just arrived on the island. There was a great shortage of fresh water and people were in a panic. A horse used his front feet to dig the ground and burst out water. It tasted sweet and pure, and solved the problem of water use. The well water has been used by villagers for more than 700 years. In memory of the Song Emperor, the villagers erected a monument to call the well "Song Emperor well". Xianglong academy, which was for the little emperor Zhao Min to study, has long been abandoned. Only the stone plaque of "Xianglong academy" written by Lin Zhaotang, the only number one scholar in western Guangdong, is installed. To the southwest of Songhuang village, there is a stone tablet, which is 1.5 meters high, 1 meters high and 0.1 meters thick. It is gray black. The stone tablet has been eroded by wind and rain for a long time, and the inscription is indistinct. It is commonly known as "Songhuang tablet", that is, the tombstone of song duanzong. Whether it is true or not can not be studied, but the folk has always been known as the "Song Emperor stele", reflecting people's nostalgia for the Song Emperor.

In 1945, when Guangzhou Bay was restored and Zhanjiang was built, the relevant departments compiled a book "general situation of Zhanjiang" in 1947, which listed Songhuang village, Huguangyan and nansanyue King's temple as the three major places of interest in Zhanjiang. The authorities have widely solicited the opinions of celebrities from all walks of life, and selected ten sceneries in Zhanjiang City. Songhuang village is one of the ten sceneries. Many cultural relics and historic sites were destroyed in the extreme left era and during the cultural revolution,

Chinese PinYin : Guang Dong Sheng Zhan Jiang Shi Ma Zhang Qu Nao Zhou Zhen