Huang Jin Yao nationality township, Xinning County, Shaoyang City, Hunan Province

Huangjin Yao nationality township

Huangjin Yao nationality township was established in April 1958 with the approval of Hunan Ethnic Affairs Committee. It is located in the southwest of Xinning County, Shaoyang City, Hunan Province, adjacent to Malin Yao Township in the East, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in the South and Chengbu Miao Autonomous County in the southwest. The Township People's government is located in Huangjin village, 60 kilometers away from the county seat.

Historical evolution

In 1604, Malin, Dazui, Shenchong, Luoyuan, Huangbei, Huangyan and taopen caves were identified in Xinning County. Huangjin was subordinate to taopen cave and was still used until the Qing Dynasty. From the first year of the Republic of China (1912) to the 18th year of the Republic of China, the old system of the Qing Dynasty was followed. In the 20th year of the Republic of China, the county was divided into 6 districts and 38 townships, and taopendong was the third district. In the 27th year of the Republic of China, the abandoned areas were merged into townships, and Huangjin and Malin were collectively referred to as Taolin townships, with 10 guarantees under its jurisdiction, and Huangjin accounted for 3 guarantees, namely Huangyandong was the seventh, taopen cave was the eighth, and Zhenyuan cave was the ninth. On October 10, 1949, Xinning was peacefully liberated. The county provisional government emerged and followed the old system. In June 1950, the old Baojia system was abolished and the rural political power was established. Huangjin and Zhenyuan belonged to the Second District, and the district office was stationed in Shuimiao. In April 1958, two Yao townships, Huangjin and Malin, were established. In September, the two townships of Huangjin and Malin merged into the United People's commune, which was stationed in Malin. In May 1961, the county restored the district system, and the golden commune belonged to Shuimiao district. In February 1982, Huangjin commune was changed into Huangjin Yao people's commune. In May 1984, the county changed the commune into a township, and the Huangjin Yao people's commune was restored to Huangjin Yao township.

administrative division

Its administrative area is 128.56 square kilometers (2017), with an average altitude of more than 1100 meters. The township has 14 administrative villages, namely: Baibao village, Huangcha village, Huangjin village, Nongke village, Jinsha village, Dalong village, sutian village, Caishan village, Xiqiao village, Shanping village, Yanshan village, Sanhe Village, Erlian village and Zhenshui village. There are 64 villager groups, and one township belongs to the natural group, Jiulong.

Population nationality

The average natural growth rate of the annual population is about 5.7 ‰, with 7049 people (in 2017). The minority population accounts for 65% of the total population, of which the Yao population accounts for 54%, and the rest are Han, Miao, Dong, Zhuang, Tujia, etc. 80% of the middle-aged and old people can use the national language to communicate. They call themselves "Dong dialect" and "Renhua", and they are called "Hakka" as opposed to their national language. Every year on the 8th of April, Yao people sacrifice their heroes by eating "WuFan".

topographic features

The terrain of the township is complex. It is a Typical Alpine mountain area with an altitude of more than 800 meters. The highest peak, fengfengdian, is 1883 meters above sea level. In addition, there are lannitang, congshanbao and Yangjiawan with an altitude of 1761 meters, 1843 meters and 1788 meters. Longxuyan in Zhenshui village is 1800 meters above sea level. It is famous for its rich mineral resources and granite. Due to traffic and other reasons, it was not officially exploited until the end of 2004. 70% of the cultivated land is located at about 1000 meters above sea level, with 5889 Mu and 0.7 mu per capita by the end of 2004. Rice is the main food crop. Due to the high and cold mountain area, only one season of medium rice can be planted throughout the year, with a small amount of corn, sweet potato, potato and other crops. By the end of 2004, the annual output of grain reached 2600 tons. Since 2000, the township party committee and government have vigorously advocated the adjustment of agricultural industrial structure, led the masses to extensively carry out the restructuring of low yield paddy fields, introduced foreign businessmen, and planted large areas of off-season vegetables and watermelon, so that the single income reached five times of that of rice planted in the same area.

natural resources

The township is rich in mountain forest resources, with a forest coverage rate of 43%. The mountains are high and steep, with verdant trees and dense bamboo forests. The area of Phyllostachys praecox is 50000 mu, accounting for 40% of the county's sales. It is an important bamboo producing area in the county. There are two Township Forest Farms: dacha forest farm and Pingtan forest farm. People have been living on the mountain for a long time, and forest resources have been greatly damaged for a while. Until 1997, while developing the industrialization of Phyllostachys pubescens, we carried out the low-cost transformation of Phyllostachys pubescens, returning farmland to forest and planting medicinal materials. By April 2005, the afforestation area of barren mountain was more than 10000 mu, mainly planted Magnolia officinalis. It is rich in winter bamboo shoots and Gastrodia elata. there are abundant grass mountain resources in the township, covering an area of 180000 mu. The breeding industry is very prosperous, among which the cattle industry ranks first in the county. Fengmuping deer farm was built in the 1970s, and sika deer was introduced from the northeast. It is the largest contiguous ranch in the county, namely golden ranch. The deer antler products sold well all over the country. At the same time, the township also emerged 4 milu deer, sika deer breeding households. The masses mainly breed beef cattle, pigs, cattle and horses. the territory is rich in hydropower resources, with high mountains and steep slopes. It is an excellent place to build hydropower stations. Since 2001, the government has carried out large-scale small hydropower development through attracting investment, and built hydropower stations with an installed capacity of more than 600 kW, such as Dalong cascade hydropower station, Baibao hydropower station, yantouqiao hydropower station, JinSu hydropower station, Shuikou Hydropower Station, huazhushan hydropower station and majiaping hydropower station. Among them, Dalong cascade hydropower station is the leading hydropower enterprise in the whole Township and even the whole county, with a total installed capacity of 12000kW.

economic development

By the end of 2004, all the villages were connected to highways, and 70% of the groups were connected to highways. By the end of 2005, the dream of cement road was realized in rural roads. The per capita share of motorcycles ranked first in the county from 2000 to 2005. The county road from Xinning to Chengbu runs through the whole golden township. There are 12 buses to Xinning, Chengbu and Wugang every day. Since 1998, we have vigorously developed the infrastructure construction, rebuilt the township health center, middle school teaching building and student dormitory building, mobile phone transmitting tower and substation, opened the program-controlled telephone, and built the government office building. By 2005, 90% of the farmers have TV sets and radio receivers. the township continued to increase investment in education, and introduced Mr. Lu Guanxiang, a Zhejiang businessman, to donate more than 1 million yuan to build Lunan Central Primary School. Meanwhile, the county finance allocated supporting funds to help improve the teaching facilities in the township. A 700 square meter student dormitory and a two-story flushing toilet of more than 120 square meters were newly built. New Township Center kindergarten. Equipped with multimedia room and remote classroom. In 2002, the central school opened a computer course. It has 24 computers. The school conditions have been greatly improved, nine-year compulsory education has been popularized, the construction of teaching staff and the daily management of the school have been paid close attention to, and the school enrollment rate of school-age children has reached 100%, and the annual consolidation rate of school students has reached 98%. In 2008, the school successfully passed the two provincial and municipal education supervision evaluation and acceptance. family planning, comprehensive management of social security and other work have made all-round progress, showing a picture of economic development, social stability, political harmony and people harmony in the township.

Cultural heritage

Yao people make full use of all kinds of carriers to carry forward Yao culture and carry out the construction of civilized villages and towns as the main melody, and focus on the development of minority culture. Qinggutang has been successfully declared as a provincial intangible cultural heritage, "compiling a local chronicle of Yao nationality, organizing a national song and dance, wearing a set of national costumes, building a national landmark project, building a folk custom village, building a national cultural square, and repairing a number of ancient fengyuqiao" and "seven one" cultural projects have been carried out, making it possible to sing folk songs to welcome guests and celebrate the Panwang Festival Folk customs such as commemorating ancestors, eating black rice on April 8 to commemorate Yao heroes, and tasting new things on June 6 have gone out of the mountains and built a bridge between Yao Township and the outside world.

Local Customs

In order to commemorate or mourn their ancestors, Yao people call April 8 of the lunar calendar "WuFan Festival". On this day, it was mentioned in ya that every family in Tang Dynasty had to make black rice and eat black rice Baba. This custom has a long history and was popular in the Tang Dynasty. According to Kuang Lu's "red poem" of Ming Dynasty, Yao people eat "qingfanjing" (green rice essence), "Yao people's communion day, to the south of Tianzhu dye rice, actually sent each other, named" qingfanjing "(green rice essence). Du Shi: no green rice, make me good color. " The so-called "qingfanjing" here is actually WuFan. The origin of WuFan Festival is very old. It is said that in ancient times, Yao's mother opened up wasteland in high mountains, and Mulian, a girl, brought food to her mother every day. She cooked the best rice for her mother to eat and the best rice for her mother to taste. In order not to let their own rice and other people's rice wrong, when cooking mixed with a kind of black rice grass, rice became purple black. In recognition of Mulian's reverence for her elders, the descendants of the Yao family designated the eighth day of the fourth lunar month as "WuFan Festival". On this day, every family in Yaoshan pinched the leaves of wufancao and nenshanjian, or three, five, or seven, and soaked them into black juice for rice. This black rice should be tasted by the elders first, and then eaten by the whole family. It is said that after eating this kind of black rice, there will be no rash, boils or other swelling in summer. They also use glutinous rice to make Baba on the day of "WuFan Festival". Baba is shaped like birds, snakes, rats and other animals. After being steamed, it is vivid and children like it best. It is said that if this is done, birds, snakes, rats and other animals will not dare to bite and peck the ears of corn in the field, so that they can wish a good harvest all year round.

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Shao Yang Shi Xin Ning Xian Huang Jin Yao Zu Xiang