Guiyang Town, Qidong County, Hengyang City, Hunan Province

Guiyang town

Guiyang Town, also known as Guiyang ancient town, is located at the intersection of Qinghe River and Baihe River on the North Bank of Xiangjiang River in the southeast of Qidong County. 2014 was designated as“

National key towns

”Yes

Qidong County is an important political, economic, cultural, transportation and industrial center

And so it is

The only vice center of Qidong County

At the same time

Commodity and material distribution centers of Qidong, Qiyang and Changning

. The town has a total area of 79.49 square kilometers (2017), under the jurisdiction of 12 administrative villages, 3 neighborhood committees and 1 provincial industrial park, with a total population of 37166 people (2017), of which the built-up area is 5 square kilometers, and the urban permanent population is 22000. Guiyang has a long history and splendid culture of more than 1800 years. Since the Han and Tang Dynasties, Guiyang has been a place where merchants gather, known as "golden Guiyang". The territory is surrounded by "three waters" with beautiful environment, developed three-dimensional water, land and air transportation, and rich natural and cultural resources.

Guiyang town is a land of fish and rice, a famous cultural town, a scenic spot and an important industrial town. It is rich in natural resources, elegant and elegant, beautiful and smart, old and modern. It is the main battlefield and new industrial city for the construction of "industrial Qidong". The town has:

“

The whole country and the whole province

Top 100 cultural towns

、“

National civilization demonstration town, small town construction demonstration town of Ministry of construction, central town of Hunan Province

”

、

"Beautiful villages and towns in Hunan Province"

、

“

"Beautiful town model town" in Hunan Province

、

“

Demonstration town of agricultural technology extension in Hunan Province

”

、

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Model town of small town construction in Hengyang City

”、“

Small town construction center town of Qidong County

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And more than 40 honorary titles.

geographical position

Guiyang town is located in the south central part of Hunan Province and the southeast of Qidong County on the Bank of Xiangjiang River. It is adjacent to Hezhou town and Liangshi town in the East, Maoshi town of Hengnan County in the northeast, Qiyang County in the southwest, Dabao township of Changning City across the river in the South and niaojiang town in the north. If we say that the head shape of Hunan Province is located in the throat; if we say that the head shape of Hengyang City is located in the southwest, Guiyang town is located in the gateway. Guiyang town has become the throat and water and land hub between Hengyong because of its favorable location.

According to Qiyang County annals published in the Republic of China, Qingjiang River and Baihe River are different and belong to Xiangjiang River, and the town is located on the North Bank of Xiangjiang River, so it is named Guiyang.

According to Xiong mengxiang (1285-1376) in Yuan Dynasty, it was Guiyang station, one of the important stations on the post road from Xiangtan to Yongzhou. Baihe divided the town into East and West, connected by Zhuangyuan bridge. Hexi is commonly known as Xiaohe and Hedong as Dahe.

administrative division

On December 21, 2015, after the village merging reform in Qidong County, Guiyang town area was reorganized into 12 villages, 3 neighborhood committees, and a total of 15 villages and community neighborhood committees. (please refer to the 46th edition of this data for the old data of historical villages before the village merging reform)

Evolution of organizational system

Guiyang town is under the jurisdiction of Qiyang County. On April 25, 1952, the eastern part of Guiyang town was separated from the former Qiyang County, and Qidong County was newly established. From then on, it became Qidong County.

During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Guiyang was the southern frontier of Chu. After the unification of China by the first emperor of Qin Dynasty, it was set up as a county, which belonged to Changsha County. In the Western Han Dynasty, Guiyang belonged to Quanling Marquis state of Lingling county. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Guiyang belonged to Quanling county. In the second year of Taiping (257) of Sun Liang in the Three Kingdoms period, Quanling county was divided into Qiyang County and Yongchang County, and Guiyang County was still Lingling county. From the Yuanfeng period of the Northern Song Dynasty to the Ming and Qing Dynasties, there were 14 leading townships in Qiyang County: shangguiyang township (now in the east of Meixi in yangniaojiang grain market), xiaguiyang township (now in the eight treasures of Huangnitang in Hezhou). In 1929, Qiyang County set up six autonomous regions: one in Chengxiang, two in Hongqiao, three in Guiyang, four in Baishui, five in wenmingpu, and six in laobaidi.

After the founding of new China, Guiyang town was established in 1952, and then merged into Guiyang township. In 1958, it belonged to Guiyang commune, and in 1961, Guiyang town was restored. In 1984, the town was expanded to include Guiyang township. In January 1985, Hongguang, Xingfu and Daji villages in Chongan Township were included in the new Guiyang town.

History and culture

1、 Tombs and kilns of the Eastern Han Dynasty

In early February 2001, Wu Shundong, associate professor and national leader of Hunan Institute of archaeology, led an archaeological team to Guiyang town. After 40 days, 12 tombs of the Eastern Han Dynasty were excavated, including 35 pieces of pottery, 4 pieces of celadon, 4 pieces of iron, 3 pieces of bronze, 4 pieces of silver, a batch of five baht copper coins and a mysterious artifact. It is the first time to find the mysterious artifacts in China. As a national first-class cultural relic, it is collected by the State Administration of cultural relics.

At the same time as the tombs were excavated, archaeologists excavated more than ten ancient Eastern Han kilns for firing celadon and pottery at the foot of Pingdou mountain. Experts concluded that Guiyang might be one of the birthplaces of celadon in China.

2、 Guiyang Tangjia kiln

Guiyang Tangjia kiln was founded in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, developed greatly in the Northern Song Dynasty, and flourished in the Southern Song Dynasty. Its 400 year history of firing bears the history of Guiyang from the late Tang and Five Dynasties to the two Song dynasties. It is one of the typical kilns that can best reflect the achievements of porcelain industry in Xiangjiang River basin after Changsha Tongguan kiln. The kiln site is a precious cultural heritage with long firing time, large scale, rich connotation, relatively good preservation and high value. In March 2019, the ancient site of tangjiayao in Guiyang was officially announced as "provincial key cultural relics protection unit" by Hunan Provincial Bureau of cultural relics.

3、 Fisherman's song by Tang Dynasty poet Li Qi

"The old man with the white head is covered by a coir hat. Avoid the world long not official, hook fish clear riverside. Pu Sha Ming wash feet, the moon is still. It is a place of folk turbulence and Sete, singing in autumn and spring, holding a bamboo pole on the Bank of Hunan, and making a salary in Luzhou. I'm happy in the middle. I want to be true. And those who laugh alone wake up, how bitter and bitter Linjiang is

"Fisherman's song" describes the fisherman's leisurely life near Xiangjiang River in Guiyang, which reflects the poet's concern for the suffering of the people and his noble conduct. As a result, the Guge of Guiyang town becomes soft and emotional, flowing with poetic charm.

4、 Number one scholar bridge in Ming Dynasty

Zhuangyuan bridge, also known as Xianren bridge, was built in the Hongzhi period of Ming Dynasty (1488-1505). When the bridge was completed, a new champion came to the bridge. Local gentry invited him to a banquet. After three rounds of drinking, one silver asked the old man to join the couplet to try his literary talent. With a smile, the old man put forward a couplet: "the bridge just closed, and since then it will pass. He will sing poems. Right, feel something, and do something. What does the number one scholar think?" the number one scholar Lang calmly arched his hand to answer: "Xiaosheng Xinzhong, and then he will be an official. He will serve the country and the people. He will not seek fame or profit, and all his fathers and elders need not worry.". All of them were satisfied, so they named it "Zhuangyuan bridge", and set up a stone tablet at the south end of Zhuangyuan bridge, engraved this couplet on the bridge pier, and engraved the origin of Zhuangyuan bridge on the stone tablet to record its prosperity.

Zhuangyuan bridge is a 5-hole stone arch bridge, 80 meters long, 10 meters high, 8 meters wide and paved with bluestone slabs. There are 20 long stone columns on both sides of the bridge. There are 24 Tongxin kiosks on the bridge deck, with firm structure and elegant shape.

In March 1992, the people's Government of Qidong County announced it as "key cultural relics protection unit of Qidong County". In December 2005, the people's Government of Hunan Province announced it as "key cultural relics protection unit of Hunan Province". Guiyang Zhuangyuan bridge is the first provincial key cultural relics protection unit since Qidong County was built, which has achieved zero breakthrough. In 2015, the Provincial Bureau of cultural relics again allocated funds for the construction of the "Zhuangyuan bridge" by the municipal cultural relics engineering team.

5、 Xu Xiake visited Guiyang in Ming Dynasty

Xu Xiake, a famous geographer and pioneer of scientific research and exploration in the Ming Dynasty, recorded his detailed journey from Hezhou post to Kuiyang post on the seventh day of March in the tenth year of Chongzhen in the Ming Dynasty (February 2, 1637). The original text is as follows: "on the seventh day of the lunar new year, you will travel fifteen miles southwest, and you will find the riverside post. The sun is shining and the hills are falling. From Hengyang, although the two sides of the Xiangjiang River are surrounded by Gangtuo, there is no outstanding mountain peak beyond mica. At this point, the East Bank of Hunan is Changning boundary, and the West Bank of Xiangjiang River is Yongzhi Qiyang boundary. Another 30 Li, too big shop, so both sides belong to Qiyang. Shangjiuzhou beach, another 30 Li, park to Yangyi. "

6、 Guiyang inspection department in Ming Dynasty and Qing Dynasty

In order to strengthen the local grass-roots management, the inspection department of Guiyang city was set up in Hongwu Period of Ming Taizu. According to Yongzhou Prefecture in Ming history, there is an inspection department of Guiyang City in the east of Qiyang. In Qiyang County annals written by Tongzhi of Qing Dynasty, there is a map of Guiyang inspection department in Guiyang city The inspection department is located near the Xiangjiang wharf. In the picture, there are five entrances and two courtyard walls. The first entrance is the yamen gate, facing the Xiangjiang wharf; the second entrance is the front hall, which is the office of the Department; the third entrance is the middle hall, which is the place of trial; the fourth entrance is the cage; the fifth entrance is the Niangniang Temple, near which are Zhongjing Temple and zushi hall. The site now houses the means of production department and coal warehouse of Guiyang supply and Marketing Co., Ltd. It was originally called Siqian street at the entrance of Sizhi Yamen and later changed to Taiping Street.

7、 Zhao ancestral hall in Qing Dynasty

Zhao ancestral hall was built in Daoguang reign of Qing Dynasty. It is a clan ancestral hall complex with national characteristics. There are more than 20 houses, including gate, main hall, stage, Zoumalou and wing room. It has patio, Tianchi and cloister. The main hall of the ancestral hall is majestic. It is an ancient architectural structure combining platform beam type and Chuandou type. We can see the wisdom of the ancients. Zhao ancestral hall is now the office of the town government compound. It is of tile wood structure, tall and majestic. Although it has a long history, due to proper repair, it still retains the style of ancient architecture.

In addition, on less than 4 square kilometers of surrounding land, there are "Tang ancestral hall" and "Shen ancestral hall", which have different architectural styles

Chinese PinYin : Hu Nan Sheng Heng Yang Shi Qi Dong Xian Gui Yang Zhen