Mou Dao Town, Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province

Seek the way town

Modao Town, located in the northwest of Lichuan City, Hubei Province, is located in the southwest border of Hubei Province and the throat of Western Hubei and Eastern Chongqing. It is known as "Jingchu in the East and Bashu in the west". National Highway 318, Yiwan railway and Liwan Expressway run through the whole area, and has been a must for military strategists and merchants. Known as "Modaoxi" in ancient times, it is the site of Nanpu County in Jin Dynasty, with a history of more than 1700 years. The town has a total area of 338.27 square kilometers (in 2017), 8 neighborhood committees, 48 administrative villages, 564 villager groups and a total population of 42356 (in 2017).

In 1946, Chinese scientists first discovered an ancient Chinese fir tree called "the first Chinese fir in the world", "living fossil of plants", "master of world Metasequoia" and "king of Metasequoia" in Mou Dao Xi Township, Wan County, Sichuan Province. It has been more than 600 years old. The discovery of this ancient tree shocked the world. Only then did they know that this kind of tree, which can be called "living fossil of plants", still exists It is also famous overseas, known as the "hometown of Metasequoia". In 2005, it was named "famous town of Chinese traditional customs" by CCTV. In 2012, it was rated as "famous tourism town in Hubei Province". In 2017, it was included in the second batch of "small towns with Chinese characteristics" list of the Ministry of construction.

In 1745, Modaoxi belonged to Wanxian County, Sichuan Province, while Zhiluo and CiDong still belonged to Nanchuan County, Lichuan County, Hubei Province. In 1905, Zhao Erfeng, the governor of Sichuan Province, went to Modaoxi and talked with the gentry about the naming of Modaoxi. He learned that Guan Yu's name was "showing his saints" when he sharpened his sword here, that is to say, he should not only sharpen his sword and uphold martial arts, but also seek Tao and cultivate literature. He wrote couplets for Guan Temple: "the great man sharpened his sword and lived in the universe, and the scholar and gentleman sought Tao through ancient and modern times", so he changed his name to "seek Tao River". During the Republic of China, it still belonged to Wanxian County, Sichuan Province. In 1950, it belonged to Moudao Township, Luotian District, Wanxian County, Sichuan Province. In 1956, it was assigned to Lichuan County, Hubei Province.

General situation of villages and towns

Moudao town is a mountain town in the west of Hubei Province. It has the reputation of "the town of Coptis", "the town of Metasequoia" and "the town of yellow flowers". "Working economy" is famous in Hubei Province, known as "the first township of working in Hubei". It has been included in 25 key kouzi towns in Hubei Province and star market towns in Lichuan City, and won the titles of "Chutian town" and "Chinese charming traditional custom town". In 2008, it was included in one of the first batch of pilot units to create famous tourism towns in Hubei Province. It covers an area of 338.27 square kilometers (2017). The resident population was 42356 (2017). It has jurisdiction over 56 administrative villages. The town government is stationed in Xinxin village. Scenic spots include sumadang, the world's first fir, Yumu village, Qiyue mountain, etc.

Historical evolution

Before Yuan Dynasty

In ancient times, it was the land of Ba. Qin belongs to quren County of Badong County. The Han Dynasty belongs to Yangqu county. The Western Jin Dynasty belongs to Nanpu county. In the eighth year of Tang Zhenguan, it belonged to Nanpu County of Wanzhou. Song Dynasty belongs to Kuizhou road Wanzhou. The Yuan Dynasty belongs to Kuizhou road general manager mansion.

the Ming dynasty

In the Ming Dynasty, the town of Moudao belonged to the South Tusi of Weishi, Shizhou, Huguang. Qiyao mountain (now called Qiyue mountain) is located in the capital of the chieftain of Shinan. In 1513, the commander of Shizhou Wei ordered Tong Chang to build tongluoguan outside Qiyao mountain, which is 350 li away from Shizhou City, at the junction of Wanxian county.

In Jiajing, Huang Jun occupied zhiluodong village and rebelled. In 1554, he was captured by the army and died in prison. His son Huang Zhong led the rest of the party to surrender and was assigned to guard the pass. After that, Huang Zhong fled back to Zhiluo and rebelled again. In October 1565, the two provinces of Huguang and Sichuan met to suppress him. In February of the next year, Huang Zhong surrendered to Huguang. In September 1566 of the 45th year of Jiajing period, the Ming Dynasty changed Zhiluo old and new villages into shouhusuo. The soldiers under shizhouwei's jurisdiction were sent to defend and plant in the fields. At that time, the leaders of the villages on the South Bank of Kuizhou capital gathered to avenge with cidonggou's Yimin newspaper. So the court sent officials to survey the boundary between Kuizhou capital, Shizhu chieftain and shizhouwei, and set up steles to engrave characters.

the Qing dynasty

Up to the early Qing Dynasty, the town of Moudao still belonged to shizhouwei of Huguang. The picture above shows the northwest corner of Huguang province. In the picture, Guandu dam is now Lichuan City, Guanzhuang is Nanping Township, and Zhiluo suotang is now Chuantou village.

In 1745, Modaoxi was transferred to Wanxian county because of the control of Sichuan people. However, Zhiluo and CiDong in the east still belong to Lichuan, which is the 12th and 13th Baotou of Nanping.

Since then, Modaoxi has gradually become a major market town in Guoli, Wanxian city. In the south of Modaoxi, there are several passes: ruoerqing, five li south of Modaoxi, confronts with Qiyao mountain; dacu'ao, longmen'ao, tieshi'ao and Guanyinyan, the same ridge on the right of ruoerqing; lumingya, ten li south of laoyatang; tongluoguan, natural danger; baizhanggou.

In 1905, Zhao Erfeng, the governor of Sichuan Province, went to Modaoxi. He talked with the gentry about the naming of Modaoxi. He learned that Guan Yu was said to be "sage" when he sharpened his sword here. That is to say, he sharpened his sword and advocated martial arts. He also wrote couplets for Guan Temple: "the great man sharpened his sword and lived in the universe, while the scholar and gentleman pursued the ancient and modern.". So it was renamed "Mou Dao Xi".

The Republic of China

During the period of the Republic of China, moudaoxi, Luozhentian and Daxing still belonged to Wanxian County in Sichuan Province, while Zhiluo and CiDong also belonged to Lichuan County in Hubei Province. In 1941, maodaoxi Township and Taiping Township were set up respectively.

In 1946, Chinese scientists shocked the world with the discovery of Metasequoia glyptostroboides in moudaoxi Township, Wanxian County, and the discovery of Metasequoia glyptostroboides was well-known overseas. "The famous giant tree at home and abroad is located at the south end of the street and beside the temple. The temple is built under the tree and surrounded by rice fields."

modern

In 1949, Taiping Township belonged to Wangying District, which was changed to Taiping District in 1951. In 1955, with the approval of the State Council, Shuikou, Dacun, Qinglong and Shijia townships under the jurisdiction of Taiping District were assigned to Wanxian county. In January 1956, Mou Dao, Baisheng and Daxing townships under the jurisdiction of Wan county were assigned to Lichuan and merged with Taiping District to form Mou Dao District. In 1958, it was the people's commune of Mou Dao. In 1961, it was restored to Mou Dao District. In 1975, it was divided into three people's communes: Mou Dao, Taiping and tongluoguan.

In 1984, the three communes were merged into Mou Dao District, with 10 townships and 1 town under its jurisdiction. In 1996, it was founded in the town of Moudao. In 1999, the town was built, with 49 villages under its jurisdiction.

Geography

Location

Located in the northwest of Lichuan City, Moudao town is 108 degrees east longitude and 30 degrees north latitude. It borders Baiyangba town and Nanping Township in the East, Wangying town in the south, Longju town in Wanzhou District of Chongqing in the west, and Fengyi town in Wanzhou District of Chongqing in the north. It is an important thoroughfare of Hubei Chongqing border.

terrain

In the territory, there are undulating mountains and ravines. There are Qiyue mountain and duting mountain in the East, Chuantou mountain in the north and Miaoliang mountain in the northwest. The highest point in the territory is qanjinbao of Qiyue mountain, with an altitude of 1838 meters. The lowest point is in sulakou of Zhenbei, with an altitude of 454 meters and an average altitude of 1370 meters. The terrain inclines from southeast to northwest.

The southeast border of Moudao town is Qiyue mountain, which is known as the "Great Wall" of Lichuan. It stretches from Wushan, Chongqing to southwest and reaches Pengshui, Chongqing. It is about 4-5km wide and 1200-1500m above sea level. In ancient times, it was a barrier between Sichuan and Hubei, an important military area, with seven passes.

To the west of Qiyue mountain is duting mountain with the same trend. The mountain has steep slopes, jagged rocks and crisscross gullies. In ancient times, it was difficult to travel.

climate

It belongs to subtropical monsoon climate. The average temperature in January is 0.9 ℃, the average temperature in July is 21.9 ℃, and the average annual temperature is 11.5 ℃. The annual precipitation is 1380 mm and the frost free period is about 210 days.

soil

Below 800 meters above sea level is yellow soil, 800-1200 meters is yellow brown loam, and above 1200 meters is brown soil. Yellow soil is light in soil, thick in soil layer and good in farming performance. It is mainly distributed in Xinglongchang, Baisheng, Changping, Longchuan and other places. It is suitable for the growth of rice, corn, potato, soybean, sweet potato and other food crops, as well as lacquer, tung oil tree, citrus, Nanzhu and other economic crops and trees. Brown soil is distributed in the areas of Moudao, Maocao and tongluoguan. The soil is mainly lithologic soil developed from purple shale, with weak moisture resistance and soil erosion. It is often in the stage of young development. It is only suitable for planting a variety of dry grain crops and timber forests such as flue-cured tobacco, tea, pine and fir.

hydrology

The main river in the territory is Modaoxi. Modaoxi has two sources, the west of which is huangdaba in Shizhu County and Jianzhu River in Jiannan town; the east of which originates from moudaoji town and is divided into three tributaries: the East flows from Hetaoping, flows through Wanli, Guihuaping and cidonggou, and enters Wanxian County in cangping, which is called Daxi, with a total length of 12.5km; the North flows from Pengjiawan, which is named Modaoxi, passing through Shuanghekou and yuyutan, with a total length of 15km In sulakou, it enters Wanxian County, which is called Longju River; in the west of the market town, the West stream comes from 18 streams, such as Changtan River and huinuerzhai, which are 20.5km long, and enters Wanxian County in Jinhua village.

Administrative jurisdiction

Now it has jurisdiction over one neighborhood committee and 55 village committees: Xinxin, Taoyuan, Fengzhu, Nanpu, Baiyang, Dazhuang, Guangming, medicinal materials, Wanli, Guihua, shangci, Zhongtai, Xiangshui, Xinjin, Xinglong, zhaibaoliang, Dongxi, Dongfeng, Tuanjie, Desheng, niujiaodong, Taiping, Maocao, Changping, zhaiba, Zhiluo, Longshui, Chaoyang, Baiyun, Xiangyang, Chuantou, qingshatang, Fuqiang, Xingjiang Guang, Zhongba, Tongluo, Sihe, Shamao, Zhongshan, agricultural science, willow, Yumu, hailuokou, gushuzui, chayuangou, Zhongxin, Xianfeng, Minsheng, Tiefeng, Liziyuan, Luchi, Hongguang, kanjin, Shuanglu, zhongcao, Xiangyuan.

tourist resources

It is a subtropical continental monsoon climate with strong geographical cutting, diverse ecological environment and profound cultural accumulation. In this magical land, it has many scenic spots and is also a famous summer resort.

King of Metasequoia

In the town of Mou Dao in Lichuan, there is an old mulberry tree and a dragon bone

Chinese PinYin : Hu Bei Sheng En Shi Tu Jia Zu Miao Zu Zi Zhi Zhou Li Chuan Shi Mou Dao Zhen