Chengmagang Town, Macheng City, Huanggang City, Hubei Province

Chengmagang town

Chengmagang town is a town under the jurisdiction of Macheng City in Hubei Province. It is located in the northwest of Macheng City, bordering sidian Township and Tianpu township of Xinxian County in Henan Province in the north, huangtugang town in the East, longchiqiao office and wunaoshan forest farm in the south, and Shunhe town in the West. It has a subtropical monsoon climate with an average annual rainfall of 1100mm. The town covers an area of 297 square kilometers (2017), with 43 administrative villages, 257 villager groups and 58330 people (2017). There are 60000 mu of cultivated land, 223000 mu of mountain forest and 4358 mu of water surface. There are many revolutionary historical sites (relics) in Chengmagang. There are more than 40 existing sites. The famous ones are Chengmagang guild hall (which has been listed as one of the 100 excellent tourist attractions in China), Hongxing Yinglie garden in Dabie Mountain, qiujiafan, the former site of Macheng county Party committee's "August 7th" meeting, and yangsizhai, the most frequent battle site in Dabie Mountain area.

Evolution of organizational system

In 1910, Macheng county was divided into 11 autonomous regions, and in 1914, it was changed into 12 autonomous regions. The northwest of the county is called Chengmagang Township, which is the Tenth District. In 1929, the red Soviet area set up the Chengmagang Soviet government, under the jurisdiction of 13 Township Soviet governments. After 1930, the government of the Republic of China carried out the policy of clearing the countryside and merging the villages. After October 1932, for the convenience of "suppressing the Communist Party", the government of the Republic of China established Jingfu County in Henan Province. It divided Renmei district (Kui) of Chengmagang District into two thirds, Zeli district (Kui) into two thirds, Fengyi district (Kui) into one half (specifically, some areas of 4 townships, 6 townships and 7 townships in Macheng chengma District, and the reconstruction system of 9 townships under the jurisdiction of Jingfu County in Henan Province) (Page 14 of the photocopied edition of the annals of Macheng County, 24 years of the Republic of China). After the founding of new China in 1949, Jingfu County of Henan Province was renamed as Xinxian County of Henan Province. The original 4 townships, 6 townships, 7 townships and 9 townships were established as sidian Township and Tianpu Township under the jurisdiction of Xinxian county. In 1934 (23 years of the Republic of China), Chengmagang district was changed to the Ninth District of Macheng County, with jurisdiction over 1-10 townships. In 1947, after Liu Deng's army went south, Macheng liberated area was founded. In October of the same year, Macheng County patriotic democratic government was established in Futianhe, under the jurisdiction of seven district governments, including Chengmagang. In March 1949, it merged with Madong county government to form Macheng county government. The whole county was divided into 12 administrative regions, among which Chengmagang district was listed. In January 1951, the system of the Republic of China was abolished, and the administrative divisions of new China were divided. Chengma was the Fifth District of Macheng County, with 11 townships under its jurisdiction, namely dahepu, Chengmagang, xizhangdian, cunyaoshi, dongjiafan, Zhangjiagang, dingjiafan, JiangHao, wangfudian, Jiangshu and qilupu (Macheng county annals, 1993, P. 60). In March 1957, the county government abolished the Guidance Group in the mountainous area of the county, restored the district system, combined the three work guidance groups of chengma, Yaopeng and Lindian, and established chengma District, which has jurisdiction over 14 townships including Lindian, Wanyi, chengma, Jiangshu, wangfudian, dahepu, Longjing, xizhangdian, Yaopeng, Zhangjiagang, anjiafan, Yuanzi, luojiapu and Nangang, and is located in Wanyi meijialou (1987)《 Macheng civil affairs annals, P. 121). On September 20, 1958, according to the document of Hubei provincial Party committee, Chengmagang district was renamed red people's commune. In 1961, Chengmagang district government office was restored, with 15 communes under its jurisdiction: dongjiafan, wangfudian, Jiangshu, xizhangdian, Yuanzi, anjiafan, liaopeng, luojiapu, Nangang, Longjing, Lindian, WanDian, Wanyi, chengma, dahepu, etc. This system continued until October 1975. In October 1975, Chengmagang people's commune was established in Chengmagang district and shunheji people's commune was administratively established. In January 1984, the people's commune system was abolished, district offices were established, and Township People's governments were established. In September 1987, Chengmagang District Office was abolished and Chengmagang township government was established. In November 1999, Chengmagang township was abolished and Chengmagang town system was established, which is still in use today. From 1986 to 2005, Chengmagang town experienced three times of merger and reconstruction. Its predecessor was Chengmagang district established in 1986. Chengmagang was divided into Chengmagang Township and wangfudian Township in September 1987; wangfudian township was withdrawn to build a town in March 1997; wangfudian town and Chengmagang Township were merged into Chengmagang town in December 1999, and the town is located in wangfudian street. According to relevant records, more than 20000 people in Chengmagang town participated in the Red Army, of whom more than 6000 experienced the long march personally. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, there were 33 Chengmagang town generals, including one general, three generals, seven generals and 22 major generals. On November 13, 2014, Chengmagang town was awarded the title of "China's first general township" by Shanghai great world Ginis center. In 1910, Macheng county was divided into 11 autonomous regions, and in 1914, it was changed into 12 autonomous regions. The northwest of the county is called Chengmagang Township, which is the Tenth District.

administrative division

Chengmagang town governs 27 administrative villages. There are 27 administrative villages: shicaochong village, dahepu village, Xincun (dingjiafan village, Xincun merger), Shihe village, Baiguoshu village, shazigang village, luoyishan Village (luoyishan village, dongjiafan village merger), deshengzhai village, xiaojiashan village, Xinggui Village (fujiabang village, toadagang village merger), lijiafan village, shangmashi Village (shangmashi village, tangjiayuan village merger), Wangjiatang village (merger of Wangjiatang village and Gaoqiao Village), Jiangshu village, Xujiahe village, yanjiahe Village (merger of yanjiahe village and Wangjiahe Village), Yuanzi Village (merger of Yuanzi village and fengshugang Village), chengjiachong village, Feilongshan Village (merger of Feilongshan village and yaojiahe Village), baishihe Village (merger of baishihe village and shenjiaao Village), Wangfu village, Wanyi Village (merger of Wanyi village and hujiadun Village) , Xiaozhai Village (community) (merger of aijiahe village, Xiaozhai village and lingjiayan Village), Chengmagang Village (community), wangfudian Village (community) (merger of wangfudian village and hanjiaqiang Village), Hongxing Village (community) (merger of yijiafan village and sikotang Village), qilupu Village (community) (merger of qilupu village, shijiabian village and yanjiabang Village)

Horse riding scenery

geographical environment

geographical position

Chengmagang town has a maximum vertical distance of 27 km from north to South and a maximum horizontal distance of 15 km from east to west. It covers an area of 297 square kilometers (2017), including 38340 mu of paddy field, 19560 mu of dry land, 179475 mu of forest land and 4358 mu of water surface.

topographic features

Chengmagang town is high in the north and low in the south, with mountainous areas in the north and hilly areas in the south. Chengmagang town is dominated by medium and low mountains, known as "seven mountains, one water, two fields". The formation of the northeast to Southeast, northwest to southwest of the mountains. It forms a gradually sloping terrain from north to Southeast. The highest point of chaotianjian is 590 meters above sea level, and the lowest point of lijiafan is 130 meters above sea level. The town is dominated by loam, sand and Magu soil, with a ratio of 5:2:3.

climate

Chengmagang town is a subtropical humid monsoon climate, with the characteristics of sufficient light, abundant heat, abundant precipitation, long frost free period, the same season of rain and heat, four distinct seasons and so on. The annual average wind speed is 2.4 m / s, the rainfall is 1100 mm, the temperature is 19 ℃, the average temperature in winter is 10 ℃, the average temperature in summer is 25 ℃, the sunshine hours range from 1634 to 2129.2 hours, and the sunshine percentage ranges from 37% to 48%. The rainfall is mainly concentrated in spring and summer, accounting for 69% of the total annual rainfall; the frost free period is about 250 days from mid March to mid October.

hydrology

The diving River, a tributary of JuShui River in Chengmagang Town, runs through the whole area from north to south.

natural resources

water resource

Chengmagang town has two water systems running through the whole area. There are 28 reservoirs above type II in Chengmagang Town, with a total water resource of 60 million cubic meters and a per capita water resource of 1077 cubic meters.

plant resources

The plants in Chengmagang town are honeysuckle, chrysanthemum indicum, Schizonepeta tenuifolia, Platycodon grandiflorum, wormwood, Ganoderma lucidum, Fuling, Gastrodia elata, asparagus and other Chinese herbal medicines, which are widely distributed. The forest is mainly composed of pine, fir, maple, chestnut and bamboo. There are many kinds of plants. Orchids and azaleas are all over the mountains. Cymbidium, tetrapetal orchids and rare orchids are distributed in the deep forest. the forest coverage rate of the whole town is more than 70%, and there are 15 forest farms over 2 square kilometers;

Animal resources

Wild animals are widely distributed in Chengmagang Town, and the number of wild boar, hare and pheasant is increasing year by year.

Mineral resources

Chengmagang town has gold, copper, iron, quartzite, stone and other mineral resources, of which copper is the most abundant.

Ethnic population

In 2005, the total population of Chengmagang town was 60287. in 2015, the population of the town was 58700, mainly Han nationality. 58330 (2017).

Economic overview

The main crops in Chengmagang town are rice, wheat, rape and peanut. Animal husbandry is mainly based on pigs and cattle. Specialties are green tea, chestnut, Camellia oleifera, tung oil tree, Ginkgo biloba. The main trees are pine, fir and maple. Chengmagang is rich in rice, wheat, soybean, sweet potato, peanut, rape, sesame and other crops. In 2005, the annual output of grain was 29023 tons. Chestnut, tea and pine resin are special products. Peanut, rape and sesame are three major oil crops in the territory, which are known as "Macheng oil tank". The annual output of the three crops reaches 8202 tons. Animal husbandry is the pillar industry of Chengmagang town. In 2005, there were 2836 cattle and 17476 pigs. Rapid development of aquaculture

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