Guanyintang Town, Shanzhou District, Sanmenxia City, Henan Province

Guanyintang town

Guanyintang town is located in the hilly and shallow mountain area in the east of Shanzhou District, at the junction of Mianchi County, Yiyang County and Luoning County. Its landform is basically as follows: "four mountains, five mountains and one leveling". The total area is 120.42 square kilometers (in 2017), the cultivated land area is 50690 mu, and the total population is 36366 (in 2017). Longhai railway, Lianhuo Expressway and liantian highway transit from east to west.

Evolution of organizational system

Guanyintang Central Township was built in 1956, and the commune was changed in 1958, the district was changed in 1961, and the commune was rebuilt in 1965.

The township was changed in 1984 and the town was built in 1985. In 1997, with an area of 54 square kilometers and a population of 28000, it has jurisdiction over 12 administrative villages including Guanyintang, Duanyan, ruanping, Zhangcun, getiaogou, jiangshuyao, Qili, Hanyan, Nanzhai, Shidui, Ganhao and Duanjia, and 3 neighborhood committees including Guanyintang street, Ganhao coal mine and Guanyintang coal mine.

In 2005, dayanwa township was abolished and merged into Guanyintang town.

Attachment: dayanwa township is located in the east of Shaanxi county. Dayanwa commune was established in 1962, merged into Guanyintang commune in 1965, rebuilt in 1975 and changed to township in 1984. In 1997, it covers an area of 65 square kilometers and has a population of 10000. It governs 13 administrative villages, including dayanwa, Jieyan, Junwang, YaoYuan, Hanzhuang, Lucao, Yangwa, liuzhuangwa, Hanzhuang, nuomigou, Chenying, huajianzui and xiachao.

administrative division

The town governs Guanyintang coal mine neighborhood committee, Shihao Coal Mine neighborhood committee *, Guanyintang Street neighborhood committee, Guanyintang village, Shidui village, Nanzhai village, Hanyan village, Qili Village, getiaogou village, Zhang village, ruanping village, Duanyan village, Shihao village, duanjiamen village *, jiangshuyao village, Jieyan village, dayanwa village, xiachao village, huajianzui village, Chenying village, nuomigou village, Hanwa village, liuzhuangwa village Yangwa village, Lucao village, Hanzhuang village, YaoYuan village and Junwang village have three neighborhood committees and 25 administrative villages. (note * "Sanmenxia City administrative division compendium" refers to Ganhao coal mine neighborhood committee; duanjiamen village should add a word "outside" inside the word "door")

Local characteristics

The town is rich in resources, developed transportation, prosperous market and has a long history. Coal, bauxite, quartzite, limestone and other underground mineral resources have large reserves, excellent texture, and high development and utilization value. Guanyintang coal mine, Shihao Coal Mine, DUJIAGOU aluminum mine, Shanzhou District refractory plant, 102 plant, Sanmenxia Jiema chemical company and other 6 large and medium-sized enterprises above county level, 1 coal mine, 1 aluminum mine, 13 quarry and other enterprises have developed vigorously; Longhai railway, 310 State owned enterprises have developed vigorously The new high-speed railway passes through the south of the town. Shaanxi Luoyang, Guanli, Guangong, guanshun and other county and township roads are crisscrossed, with four speeds and eight routes. The construction of the town has begun to take shape, with standardized operation of professional markets such as melons, fruits, vegetables, agricultural materials, and village construction, and complete service industries such as culture, education, health, communication, and finance.

Geomorphological features

The geomorphic features of the town can be divided into three types: mountain, hill and depression. Shidui, Chenying, Qili, Zhangcun, ruanping and getiaogou villages in the eastern part of the town have more mountains and less cultivated land, which is based on the development of large agricultural economy; 12 villages in the south, such as dayanwa, nuomigou and Lucao, have more mountains and poor farming conditions, which are suitable for the development of aquaculture and forestry; 4 villages in the middle, such as Guanyintang, Hanyan, Duanyan and Nanzhai, have more people and less land.

The income of the villagers is mainly from the tertiary industry. In the three villages of Shihao, duanjiamen and jiangshuyao in the western shallow mountain area, the mountains are high and steep, the ridges and ditches are vertical and horizontal, the land is scattered, scattered and small concentrated, and the soil is barren. However, the reserves of coal, aluminum and other underground mineral resources are large, and the villagers mainly rely on the development of industry, mining and transportation to increase their income.

Scenic Spots and Historical Sites

There are numerous cultural and natural landscapes, such as the ancient pagoda tree, the bell and Drum Tower, the monument of general Feng Yuxiang and the site of shihaoli.

The origin of the name

At the junction of Mianchi and Shanxian County in western Henan, there is a village called Guanyintang. There is a beautiful legend about the origin of the name of the village!

It is said that long ago, a scholar went to Beijing to take the exam. He took his family's schoolboy and rode in a carriage. When he passed a small village in Xiaoling, he saw a middle-aged village woman, pulling a boy of six or seven years old, beating him angrily. The child struggled and cried.

The scholar looked at it and couldn't bear it, so he told the emperor to stop. He got out of the carriage and came forward to salute, "dare to ask why my sister-in-law was angry and beat the child? He's too young to be forgiven even if he makes mistakes! "The woman said," I teach him to read poems and essays every day, but he doesn't know what to do. He can't answer an ordinary poem couplet I wrote. Without strict discipline, he will not study hard. " On hearing this, the scholar was very surprised that this village woman could teach her son how to read poetry. It was really commendable! So he saluted again and asked, "I don't know what's the first couplet about my sister-in-law? Please tell me so that I can see it." Seeing the scholar's fine features and elegant manners, the village woman said, "what's my first couplet

"The wind blows the fragrance of indigo"

”。

The scholar originally thought that a rural woman in a mountain village could make a profound couplet. However, after listening to it, he thought hard for a long time and could not answer it. At this time, the bookboy stood aside and saw the host embarrassed. He quickly came forward and said, "young master, it's important for us to go on our way now. We'll talk to him when we come back." the scholar took the opportunity to turn the rudder and said, "the wonderful words that my sister-in-law recited are difficult for the students to answer for a while, let alone the young Mengtong. Please forgive him once!" the village woman was angry when she saw the young master's intercession.

The scholar usually thinks he is talented and well-off. Unexpectedly, he is baffled by a rural woman in a mountain village. In his heart, he is not happy, so he drives away.

After a few days, he found a quiet Inn in a remote alley and studied poetry every day. But as soon as the opening day arrived, he was ready to take the exam.

But now the emperor has a princess who is in her prime. He wants to choose a person with both talent and appearance as the assistant of the East bed through the opening of the course, and decides to have an interview in person.

As soon as the test period arrived, the candidates gathered in front of the hall in a panic, waiting for the emperor to come to the imperial examination. Unexpectedly, the emperor got a new favorite concubine. They were so close to each other that they drank and had fun together all day, but they forgot about it. When the warden came to urge him, it suddenly occurred to him.

On this day, the east wind blows gently and the drizzle slants. The emperor comes out of the harem. He walks under the umbrella and thinks about it. Suddenly, he sees that the rain has wet the dragon's robe. When he touches the scene, he blurts out a sentence

"The rain sprinkles on the yellow robe and the dragon is drunk"

. He thought, let's take this sentence as the first couplet, let's let Ju Zi deal with it, we can also see their talent and knowledge.

After the trial, the emperor sat high in the Dragon Court, overlooking the field, only to see all the children, scratching their ears, anxious, but can not answer. At first, the scholar frowned and searched his heart. Then he suddenly remembered what happened when he passed by Xiaoling mountain village. He suddenly realized: isn't the couplet written by the village woman just opposite? So he was overjoyed and immediately wrote it.

As soon as the emperor saw it, Longyan was overjoyed. When he saw the scholar again, he was dignified, dignified, and of the same age as the princess. Then he named him the number one scholar and recruited him as his assistant.

The scholar was personally selected by the emperor, so he was very happy. He was ordered to boast in the capital for three days and married the princess. Just after their honeymoon, they went back to their hometown to worship their ancestors. He thought, this time, all depends on the beautiful words of the village women, courtesy should be the first to visit and thank you. Unexpectedly, when I went to Xiaoling, I looked around, but I couldn't find the small village any more. At this time, the new champion suddenly remembered that when he was young, he went to Guanyin Temple with his grandmother to burn incense. The statue of Guanyin in the temple was very similar to that of the village woman. Was it because the goddess of Guanyin came to enlighten herself? So he asked someone to build a Guanyin Hall in Xiaoling and send someone to offer incense every year. Since then, a village and town has gradually formed here, and its name is "Guanyintang", which has been used for thousands of years. Later, Longhai Railway set up a station here and built a large-scale coal mine, so Guanyintang became famous in western Henan

History of Guanyintang town

At the beginning of the last century, the Longhai Railway only reached Guanyintang town to the west, which became the terminal. Therefore, a large number of goods and materials transported to the West were transported here by train, by ship, by the Yellow River, by carriage, by the ancient road of Xiaohan, or by Huixing Ferry (maojindu) of the Yellow River to Shanxi. At the same time, the goods and materials from the western and northern regions were loaded and pulled to Guanyintang by ships and cars, waiting for the train to be loaded and transported to the East. Thus, an economic center was formed here, and the level of excitement can be imagined.

Cixi and Guangxu fled to Xi'an to take refuge in 1900 when the Eight Allied forces captured Beijing. When they returned to Beijing, they stayed in Guanyin hall. It is said that the imperial palace built for her at that time caused Cixi's displeasure because it faced north and south. She looked at it again and felt unlucky, so she couldn't give it up and spent the night in Zhou Yuan's mansion. In the spring of 1914, general Feng Yuxiang was ordered to suppress bandits in western Henan, and led his troops to take three trains to Guanyintang for the first time. Seven years later, he led his troops to the West. Because there was no train to the west of Guanyin hall, he had to stop at Guanyin hall again. During this period, he used explosives to blow up a hilltop and temporarily stored the baggage here, leaving a special guard. In July 1924, Mr. Lu Xun went to Xi'an to give lectures. He set out on July 7, first took the train to Guanyintang, then took a boat to take the Yellow River waterway, and arrived in Xi'an on July 14, a seven day walk.

It is said that he walked on the Yellow River Channel 90 kilometers from Guanyintang to Tongguan for four days. It can be said that the road was hard and the cost was not small. However, the 90 km waterway brought him creative inspiration and wrote two famous essays, one is "feeling in the mirror" and the other is "feeling in the mirror"

Chinese PinYin : He Nan Sheng San Men Xia Shi Shan Zhou Qu Guan Yin Tang Zhen