Kong Cun town, Pingyin County, Jinan City, Shandong Province

Kongcun town

Kongcun Town, also known as Kongzi village, was established in September 1985. It is a town in the southeast of Pingyin County, Jinan City.

Introduction to history

The evolution town is located in Kongcun and named after its resident. It is said that in the spring and Autumn period, Confucius taught in the Teaching Hall on the west mountain of the village, and later generations built a temple to commemorate him. The mountain was named Confucius mountain. The village is located at the foot of Kongzi mountain, so it is called Kongzi village for short. During the period of the Japanese puppet regime, it belonged to the three regions of the Japanese puppet regime and was also a guerrilla zone under the leadership of the Communist Party of China. Liberation in 1948, the establishment of joint defense film. In 1950, Kongcun township government was established, with 4 small townships and 23 natural villages. In 1956, the district was withdrawn and the township was merged into Kongcun township. When the people's commune was established in 1958, the town was under the jurisdiction of Xiaozhi people's commune. In 1962, it was separated from Xiaozhi commune and named Kong Village People's commune. In 1984, the people's commune was abolished and Kongcun district was established, with 46 administrative villages under its jurisdiction, including Kongcun Town, chentun Township, Ligou Township and qiandayu township. In September 1985, the district was removed and the town was merged, and Kongcun town was established, which has jurisdiction over 25 administrative villages in the former Kongcun town and chentun township. In 2006, Ligou township was merged into Kongcun Town, with an area of 99.66 square kilometers, 3947 hectares of arable land, 46 administrative villages and 1 community neighborhood committee. There are 36669 permanent residents (in 2017), with a birth rate of 10.67 ‰ and a natural growth rate of 3.03 ‰. There are 58 surnames in the town, including Zhang, Wang, Li, Zhao, Lian, Kong, Qiu, Liu and sun, among which Wang is the most. The first town in China's carbon industry, the first town in China's off-season Coprinus comatus.

Cultural origin

Confucius mountain is originally named zigaishan. It is 2km northwest of Kongcun town. On the top of the mountain, there is the site of Confucius lecture hall. Therefore, in 1072, a "Konglin academy" was built here, also known as "Xingtan Yixiang". In the 15th year of Hongzhi (1502) of Ming Dynasty, Confucius Temple (namely "Confucius academy") was rebuilt, and Confucius and his four statues were established. From the 24th to 25th year (1596-1597) of the Wanli reign of the Ming Dynasty, he moved to shandongpo and still established Confucius and his four statues. It was destroyed during the cultural revolution.

Confucius mountain is a famous historical mountain. Together with the five mountains, it is one of the thirty caves in China. There is a record of the site of Confucius lecture hall at the top of Confucius mountain in Mingshan Zhi. This is the only "Confucius teaching hall" site outside Qufu. "Xingtan Yixiang" is one of the eight scenic spots in Pingyin County.

Confucius Temple is located on the east side of the mountain, West to the East and west to Confucius village. It is about 120 meters long from east to west and 80 meters wide from north to south. The overall structure is two floors outside the three entrance compound. The gate is built on the high steps, and there are three rows of buildings. There is a rectangular courtyard in the inner circle of the gate, and the opposite wall is a large screen wall. The two sides of the screen wall enter the courtyard through two small doors. There are three tile roofed rooms in the north and south of the hospital, the corridor room in the South and the reception hall in the south. The school was established in the late Qing Dynasty. There is a small courtyard in the south of the corridor room, with six bungalows built for cooking during sacrifice. There were Temple watchers in the early days. From the first entrance to the second entrance, the courtyard is symmetrical in North and south, each with three tile roofed houses with front porches. Inside the houses are Confucius disciples and later Confucian wooden masters. There are two walls in the north and the South beside the second door. Half of the wall is decorated with green tiles. From the second entrance courtyard to the third entrance courtyard, this is a large platform style. There are two sections of North-South half height through the body wall hurdles in the front, which enter the hall through two columns of 12 stone figurines. There are five main halls, four octagonal green stone columns in the front porch, half of the front wall is covered with wooden grilled window sashes, and outside the top of the hall is built a high ridge of tubular tiles, and the top mountain is decorated with animals. Inside the hall, there are carved beams and painted buildings, 8 red columns and three wooden pavilions. One in the middle is for the statue of Confucius, and the other two on the left and right are for four statues. In the hall, a long platform is built on the north and South Gables, each for six wooden owners, that is, 12 philosophers.

In front of the gate, there are two tall buildings crossing the main courtyard. On the left side is the lecture hall. The back wall of the west side is solid to the top. On the left, right and front sides, it is surrounded by the building. There are eight black lacquer garden columns. There are windows in the South and North, wooden lattice doors in the East, flat roof and four corners. On the right side is Wenchang Pavilion, with a two-story hexagonal spire. There are statues of Wenchang emperor on the first floor and Kuixing on the second floor. The two floors are about 10 meters high. Between the two floors in front of the gate is a long north-south platform, and in front of it is a large platform of 15 meters square, both of which are made of qingtiaoshi. There is a temporary entrance to the temple to the north of Wenchang Pavilion. The temple system was built along the mountain and gradually increased from the beginning to the end. Therefore, the steps of Dafang platform are 13, the first three steps of the gate, the second gate and the main hall platform are 9, and the first three steps of the main hall are 3.

There are 6 large wooden plaques and a pair of wooden couplets. The color and inscription of the plaques are as follows: outside the gate, there are white and blue characters "people never have"; inside the gate, there are ochre and black and blue characters "Si Wen Zai Zi"; on the second gate, there are white and blue characters "Book Heaven and earth"; on the gate of the main hall, there are red and red characters "and heaven and earth ginseng"; inside the hall, there are statues of Confucius. The plaques on the pavilion are equal in length and width, with black edges On the wall of the opposite door of the lecture building, the white and black words "spring breeze turns into rain". In the main hall, Confucius is like a wooden pavilion. On the columns on both sides of the wooden pavilion, there are long couplets: "Shengde is in the same heaven and earth, horse tracks, chariots and dust are everywhere, and spring breeze and rain are everywhere; Si Wen Bing Rixing palace wall zudou, this is the Nishan mountain in Surabaya." The face of the long brand is the blue word of the gold chip earth sky.

Inside and outside the temple, there are 13 stone tablets, 5 in front of the main hall, 4 in the second entrance courtyard, 3 outside the gate, and 1 in the east of the village. On the left side of the gate, there is a stone tablet named "Xingtan Yixiang", which is broken into four parts. It was moved down from the top of the mountain and stood on the top of the mountain at the beginning of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty. In addition, there are two remnant steles: one is the head of the stele named "Konglin academy" in the fifth year of Xining in the Northern Song Dynasty, and the other is the body of the stele rebuilt in the 15th year of Hongzhi.

Confucius' Shandong noodles are planted with green cypresses. There were many big trees inside and outside the temple. As soon as they entered the courtyard, there were two cypress trees in their arms. Most of the courtyard was covered. If you look at Confucius mountain from a distance, you can see trees but not temples. The architectural features of the temple are blue bricks, green tiles, white walls, and towering ancient trees.

The Confucius Temple was on the top of the mountain and after it was moved, there were many tourists all the year round, from officials to the common people. Especially on the annual Qingming Festival, teachers and students from more than ten miles away gather at Confucius mountain in the morning to visit the Confucius Temple. In the afternoon, the surrounding villages form a flow of people with women as the main body. There is a poem in Yanzhou Fu Zhi of the Ming Dynasty, which says: "the purple covers the blue sky, and the solitary peak marks the holy hall. Four who zudou, ten thousand Ren see palace wall. Shengyun has been around for thousands of years, and it has been popular for a long time. Most of the mountains are in the north of Ningxia. "Pingyin County annals" also contains a famous poem praising Confucius Temple: "the clouds and trees in zigai mountain come from Confucius teaching hall. Since the yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Confucius was sacrificed every year, and the Confucius mountain temple and the county Confucian temple were held at the same time.

In the Longshan cultural era (4600-4000 B.C.) or the legendary reign of SHAOHAO, there are at least ten cultural sites in Pingyin County, including Zhouhe, jiangnvfen, Houzhuang and duzhuang of Hongfan, Tuanshan of Ligou, wangbashan of Xiaozhi and Zhangzhuang of Meigui. During the Warring States period, social economy developed greatly. The prosperity of commodity economy promotes the exchange of money. More than 100 shell coins were unearthed from the Warring States tomb in Wanglou village, Ligou Township, reflecting the development of currency exchange and commerce at that time.

On February 1, 1939, the CPC Pingyin County Committee was formally established in Wanglou village, Ligou Township, Kongcun town. In October of the same year, the Anti Japanese democratic government of Pingyin County was established. In order to commemorate the 90th anniversary of the founding of the Communist Party of China and give better play to the educational function of the former site of the county Party committee, the Pingyin County Party committee and the county government have raised 4 million yuan to repair and expand the former site of the county Party Committee since January 2011. In accordance with the principle of respecting history and repairing the old as before, the former site of the county Party committee and the former residence of Marshal Xu Qianqian were restored, and the Pingyin historical exhibition hall of the Communist Party of China was built. The restored site of Pingyin County Party committee covers an area of more than 2600 square meters, including 485 square meters of Pingyin historical exhibition hall, with more than 600 precious historical pictures and nearly 100 physical objects. The major events and achievements since the establishment of the local organization of the Communist Party of China in Pingyin are listed as the main contents. Through the forms of picture display and physical display, combined with multimedia, scene design, scene display, etc Sand table model, video playback and other display means reflect the glorious course of Pingyin party organization in an all-round and multi angle way. In the process of restoration, we paid attention to the reasonable division and comprehensive development, making the whole site of the county Party committee an important place for Party members and cadres to learn the history of the party, strengthen party spirit education and young students to learn revolutionary tradition and cultivate patriotic feelings.

On June 24, 2011, the restoration project of the former site of the CPC Pingyin County Committee was completed and the opening ceremony of the CPC Pingyin historical exhibition hall was solemnly held. Xi Wei, deputy director of the provincial Party History Research Office, Yue Shaohong, director of the municipal Party History Research Office, and Zhu Hongfang, Zhu Yunsheng, Wang Jingde, Wu Yingwen, Liu Jili, Chen Hong, Wu Shanxin, Du Weidong and Zhai Jun, county leaders, attended the ceremony. Zhu Yingchao, daughter of Xiong Shanlong, the first Secretary of the CPC Pingyin County Committee, also attended the ceremony. Zhu Hongfang, Secretary of the county Party committee, delivered a speech at the ceremony. Xi Wei, deputy director of the Party History Research Office of the provincial Party committee, congratulated on the completion of the restoration project of the former site of the Pingyin County Party committee and the opening of the Pingyin Historical Museum of the Communist Party of China, and spoke highly of the development of various undertakings in Pingyin. After the ceremony, the participants visited the Pingyin historical exhibition hall, the former site of the county Party committee and the former residence of Marshal Xu Qianqian, and watched the Pingyin documentary "Ode to red roses". According to incomplete statistics, since its opening, the museum has received more than 40000 visitors and achieved good social effects.

geographical position

Kongcun town is located between 116 ° 15 ′ - 116 ° 37 ′ E and 36 ° 00 ′ - 36 ° 25 ′ n, in the southeast of Pingyin County, 17 km away from the county government. It is connected with Shiheng town of Feicheng City in the East, close to Feicheng mining area, and Pingyin town in the north

Chinese PinYin : Shan Dong Sheng Ji Nan Shi Ping Yin Xian Kong Cun Zhen