Huangshan scenic spot, Huangshan District, Huangshan City, Anhui Province

The Mount Huangshan Scenic Area

Huangshan, one of the top ten famous mountains in China, is the most wonderful mountain in the world. Located in Huangshan City in the south of Anhui Province, there are 72 peaks. Lianhua peak, the main peak, is 1864 meters above sea level. Together with Guangmingding and Tiandu peaks, it is known as the three main peaks of Huangshan Mountain and is one of the 36 peaks. Huangshan is the symbol of Anhui Tourism and the only mountain scenery of the top ten scenic spots in China. Now it is a world cultural and natural heritage, a World Geopark, a national AAAAA scenic spot, a national scenic spot, and a national civilized scenic spot demonstration site,

Huangshan, formerly known as "Yi mountain", is famous for its green and black peaks and Cang Dai from afar. Later, it was said that the Yellow Emperor Xuanyuan once made alchemy here, so it was renamed "Huangshan". The representative landscapes of Huangshan Mountain are "five unique and three waterfalls", five unique: strange pines, strange rocks, sea of clouds, hot springs and winter snow; three waterfalls: Renzi waterfall, Baizhang spring and Jiulong waterfall. Huangshan welcoming pine is a symbol of Anhui people's enthusiasm and friendship, carrying the Oriental etiquette culture of embracing the world.

When Xu Xiake, a traveler of the Ming Dynasty, came to Huangshan, he praised: "the famous mountains at home and abroad are nothing like Huangshan in Huizhou. If you climb Mt. Huangshan, there will be no mountains in the world. You can see it It was extended to "Five Mountains return without seeing mountains, Huangshan Mountain return without seeing mountains".

In December 2017, it was selected into the list of the first batch of national primary and secondary school students' research and practice education bases and camps of the Ministry of education. From September 28, 2018, the ticket price of Huangshan scenic spot will be adjusted from 230 yuan to 190 yuan.

geographical environment

geographical position

Huangshan Mountain is located in Huangshan District of Huangshan City in the south of Anhui Province, with a total area of about 1200 square kilometers. Huangshan Mountain scenic area covers an area of 160.6 square kilometers, starting from Huangshi in the East, xiaolingjiao in the west, Erlong bridge in the north and Tangkou town in the south. It is divided into nine management areas: hot spring, Yungu, Yuping, Beihai, Songgu, DIAOQIAO, Fuxi, Yanghu and fugu. The buffer zone covers an area of 490.9 square kilometers and is bounded by the administrative boundaries of five towns and one farm (Tangkou Town, Tanjiaqiao Town, sankou Town, gengcheng Town, Jiaocun town and Yanghu forest farm) adjacent to the scenic spot.

Climatic characteristics

Huangshan is located in the subtropical monsoon climate zone, in the north edge of the middle subtropical zone, evergreen broad-leaved forest, red soil and yellow soil zone. Due to the high mountains and deep valleys, the climate changes vertically. At the same time, due to the large radiation difference between the north slope and the south slope, the local terrain plays a leading role in its climate, forming the climate characteristics of more clouds, high humidity and more precipitation, which is close to the marine climate. There is no severe heat in summer and less severe cold in winter. The average temperature difference in four seasons is only about 20 ℃. The maximum temperature in summer is 27 ℃, the minimum temperature in winter is - 22 ℃, the average annual temperature is 7.8 ℃, the average temperature in summer is 25 ℃, and the average temperature in winter is above 0 ℃. The average annual rainfall days are 183 days, mostly from April to June. The annual precipitation on the mountain is 2395mm. The frequency of southwest wind and northwest wind is relatively high, and the annual average snowfall days is 49 days.

topographic features

Huangshan Mountain experienced a long period of orogeny, crustal uplift, glaciation and natural weathering before its unique peak forest structure was formed. There are 72 peaks in Huangshan Mountain, known as "36 big peaks, 36 small peaks". The main peak, Lianhua peak, is 1864.8 meters above sea level.

Huangshan Mountain is mainly composed of Yanshanian granite, with developed vertical joints, strong erosion and cutting, crisscross fractures and fissures, and long-term water erosion, forming magnificent granite caves and channels, making it Chongling gorge. There are 30 mountains, 22 rocks, 7 caves and 2 passes in the whole mountain.

The Quaternary glacial remains of Huangshan Mountain are mainly distributed in the southeast of Qianshan Mountain. The typical glacial landforms are: kuzhuxi and xiaoyaoxi are "U" shaped valleys formed by glacial movement; meimaofeng and crucian carp back are two "V" shaped valleys and cutting edge ridges left by planing erosion; the top of Tiandu peak is the corner peak left by three sides of ice scuttle planing erosion; baizhangquan and Renzi waterfall are glacial valleys and glacial tributaries The glacial hanging valley formed by the confluence of glaciers; the river bed terraces from xiaoyaoxi to Tangkou, wuniguan, huangshilong, etc., are distributed with moraines transported and accumulated by glaciers; it is said that the "Danjing" and "Yaojiu" used by Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor for alchemy are also glacial molars formed by glaciation.

Main attractions

Yuping scenic spot

Huangshan Yuping scenic area takes yupinglou as the center, Lianhua peak and Tiandu peak as the main body. Usually people say Qianshan refers to this scenic area. Along the way, there are "Penglai three islands", "Baibu ladder", "yiyiyitian", "Xinyitian", "Aoyu cave" and other landscapes.

Yupinglou is located between Tiandu and Lianhua. It is almost a collection of the wonders of Huangshan Mountain, so it is called the best place of Huangshan Mountain. The famous welcoming pine stands on the left side of yupinglou. There are seeing off pine on the right side. There are accompanying pine and Manjusri terrace in front of yupinglou. Behind the building is Yupingfeng. The famous "yupingwo Buddha" is on the top of the peak, with its head left and feet right.

Tiandu peak is located in the south of Yuping peak, one kilometer away. It is the most dangerous of the three main peaks of Huangshan Mountain, with an altitude of 1830 meters. The road of shangtiandu is extremely steep, but with the continuous development of builders, the road to the peak is not dangerous. There are stone carvings on the top of Tiandu peak, which make people feel like "when the sea reaches the end, the sky is the shore, and when the mountain reaches the top, I am the peak".

Lotus peak, located in the north of yupinglou, is the highest peak of Huangshan Mountain, with an altitude of 1864.8 meters. It is precipitous, towering and majestic, just like a blooming lotus, so it is named. It's about 1.5 km from lianhualing to lianhuafeng peak. The road is called lianhuageng. Along the way, there are some famous pines in Huangshan, such as feilongsong and hangaosong, and some rhododendrons in Huangshan. There is a well of fragrant sand in the middle. When the sky is clear, you can see Tianmu Mountain in the East, Lushan Mountain in the West and Jiuhua Mountain in the north. After the rain, looking at the sea of clouds on eight sides, it is even more spectacular.

Beihai Scenic Area

Huangshan Beihai scenic spot is the hinterland of Huangshan scenic spot. Between Guangmingding, Shixin peak, Shizi peak and Baie peak, it is connected with Yungu scenic spot in the East, Yuping scenic spot in the South and Songgu scenic spot in the north. It is a high mountain open area with an altitude of about 1600 meters, covering an area of 1316 hectares. Beihai scenic area, with the peak as its body, is a collection of peaks, stones, towers, docks, platforms, pine and cloud wonders. It is characterized by greatness, strangeness, danger and illusion. The wonderful layout of heavenly crafts and the changeable colors of glass make up a natural picture of greatness, strangeness, fantasy and danger. It is the scenic window of Huangshan. There are many peaks in the North Sea. Shimen peak and Gongyang mountain are peaks above 1800 meters above sea level. They are shaped like barriers, separating the north from the south. Shizifeng, 1690 meters above sea level, lies in the scenic area. The cool platform on shizifeng is the best place to watch the sea of clouds and sunrise.

Beihai is the main scenic area and tourist reception area of Huangshan Mountain. Beihai is located in the center of Huangshan Mountain. There are four Dengdao in the East, West, North and south to Beihai. Beihai has another sightseeing trail connected with various scenic spots to form a network. Beihai will naturally become a scenic spot where people gather.

Songgu Scenic Area

Huangshan is known as "the front mountain is dangerous, the back mountain is beautiful". The back mountain refers to the Songgu scenic area at the north gate of Huangshan.

Huangshan pine valley scenic area is located in the north slope of Huangshan Mountain. It is the valley between Lion Peak, camel peak, bookcase peak and pagoda peak. After arriving at Taiping, the north gate of Huangshan, tourists choose furongling, the north gate, as the best way to visit.

Walking up the mountain from furongling, you need to climb more than 6500 stone steps. The altitude difference is 1100 meters. You can compete with thousands of peaks and thousands of valleys all the way, especially the famous stone pool. The ancient buildings such as "furongju" and "Songgu Zen forest" in the valley add a mysterious color to the quiet valley.

The cliff carvings in Songgu are worth enjoying by tourists. During the Meiyu season, you can visit this scenic spot and enjoy the famous scenery of "Songgu Tingtao". When you visit Songgu scenic area, you can see famous peaks such as Furong peak, Danxia peak, Songlin peak and shuangsun peak, strange stones such as fairy watching the sea, fairy paving the road, tiger carrying sheep, Guangong blocking Cao, crouching tiger stone, water scenery such as feicui pool and Wulongtan, ancient buildings such as furongju and Songgu Zen forest.

Hot spring scenic spot

Huangshan Hot Spring Scenic Spot was called Taoyuan fairyland in ancient times. The scenic spot radiates around with the range rover bridge as the center, and Taohua River and Xiaoyao river run through it. According to song Jingyou's Huangshan tujing, it's said that Xuanyuan Yellow Emperor, the ancestor of the Chinese nation, bathed in the water here to eliminate the wrinkles and rejuvenate. As a result, the hot spring became famous and was called "Lingquan". The hot spring is located at the south foot of zishifeng, on the North Bank of Tangquan River, 650 meters above sea level. The average height of the main entrance of the hot spring is 100 meters The temperature is 42.5 ℃ and the water temperature at the mouth of the auxiliary spring is 41.1 ℃. The water temperature also changes with the change of temperature and precipitation. The maximum flow of the original pool is 219.51 tons, and the minimum flow is 145.23 tons. The main scenic spots in the hot spring area are Renzi waterfall, Sandie spring, Taohua stream, Taohua pool, Mingxian spring, waterfall tower, etc.

Baiyun scenic spot

Huangshan Baiyun scenic spot is located in the west of Huangshan Mountain, covering an area of 1655 hectares. It starts from Xugu bridge on Yunmen River in the south, funiuling in the north, Yunji and Shiren Er peak in the East and Shuanghekou in the West. DIAOQIAO nunnery is the center of the scenic spot. DIAOQIAO nunnery is located at the junction of Baiyun and baimen streams at the foot of Shiren peak, 610 meters above sea level. DIAOQIAO nunnery is also called Baiyun nunnery. It was a Taoist temple before Ming Dynasty, and it was changed into a Buddhist nunnery during Kangxi period of Qing Dynasty. It has been used as a place name ever since.

natural resources

Animal resources

There are more than 300 kinds of animals in Huangshan, including 14 kinds of wild animals under national protection in China, such as sika deer, black muntjac, maoguan deer, Sumen antelope and long tailed pheasant. Among them, clouded leopard, leopard, black muntjac, sika deer, white necked pheasant and white stork belong to the first level of national protection. Among them, the animals under the second level national protection are: Huangshan macaque, Huangshan macaque, pangolin, jackal, black bear, big civet, little civet, roe, Sumen antelope. Birds: mandarin duck, Silver Pheasant, spoon chicken, kite, red bellied eagle

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