Chongfu Town, Tongxiang City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province

Chongfu town

Chongfu Town, known as Yuxi in ancient times, also known as yu'er and yu'er, is an ancient town in the south of the Yangtze River with a history of more than 6000 years of civilization and 1100 years of town construction. It got its name because Chongfu temple was built in the second year of Liang Tianjian (A.D. 503). Chongde county was established in 938 ad. in 1958, Chongde and Tongxiang were merged, and Chongde county was renamed Chongfu town.

Chongfu town is located in the southwest of Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province, the hinterland of Hangjiahu Plain, 50 kilometers away from Hangzhou city and 60 kilometers away from Jiaxing City. The total area is 100.08 square kilometers (2017), and the total population is 142439 (2017). Beijing Hangzhou Grand Canal and national highway 320 run through the town, and Shanghai Hangzhou Expressway runs through the south.

In October 2005, Chongfu town of Tongxiang City was awarded the honorary title of "famous fur town in China" by China Light Industry Federation. Chongfu town ranks 307th among the top 1000 towns in China, 62nd among the top 100 towns in Zhejiang Province, and 3rd in Jiaxing City. In October 2019, Chongfu town was selected into the list of "Top 1000 towns with comprehensive strength in China in 2019".

Historical evolution

The origin of town name

In the spring and Autumn period, the town was named Yuer. There is the Hecheng site in the western suburb of the town. It is said that it was built by Wu Juyue in that year. In Han Dynasty, yu'er was also called yu'er. In the east of the town, there is Nansha Zhutang, which was called Yuer Zhongjing in ancient times, also called Yuxi. The town is also called Yuxi. In the late Tang Dynasty, it had the name of advocating morality. Tang Qianfu six years (879) for Yihe town.

At the beginning of Kaiping in Houliang, Yihe city was on the right side of the canal and Yuer city was on the left. In the third year of Tianfu in the later Jin Dynasty (938), Chongde county was set up and the county was governed by the town. In the first year of Kangxi (1662), Chongde county was changed to Shimen County, which was renamed Chongde county at the beginning of the Republic of China. In 1933, Chongfu town was named after Chongfu temple, which was built in the second year of Liang Tianjian (503). In 1936, it was renamed Chongde town.

During the Japanese puppet period, it was once called Yuxi town. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, it was called Chongfu town again. After liberation, in May 1951, it was designated as a town directly under the county. In October 1958, it was the Chongfu management area of Chongfu commune. In June 1959, the town was restored. During the cultural revolution, it was once renamed Hongwei town. It was soon renamed Chongfu town. In October 1998, the listed township system was abolished, and the administrative region of the former listed township was merged into Chongfu town.

The rise and fall of the ancient city

Yu'er was very desolate in the Qin Dynasty. According to the source of Chongde learning in the Republic of China, "pure Jingzhen is out of the way in the countryside, and the customs of Chu and Yue are smoked and dyed. The humanities are obscure and blind, and the atmosphere is closed." It is also recorded that in the Han Dynasty, those who were strict in boxing advocated culture, and the language "began to have the bud of civilization" and "for a time, Sinology became prosperous, eliminating the customs of witches and ghosts, and became a nation of rites and righteousness". To the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Chongde had been teaching records. Guangxu years "Shimen County annals" contains: "Jin Huangmen to Lang Xu Anren, Wuhu rebellion, soldiers to Chongde, Anren professor in the township."

Jianye (now Nanjing) was established in the Southern Dynasty. Due to the influence of the nearby capital, Chongde culture gradually developed. Especially in the Liang Dynasty, Buddhism became more and more popular. Song Dynasty's Chongde Temple records: "in the second year of Tianjian (503), Emperor Wu of Liang built Changle temple in Yuer." The pilgrimage of Buddhists and the sightseeing of villagers make the residents gather to live nearby. During the Sui Daye period (605-618), Jiangnan canal was excavated, which became the lifeline of traffic between the north and the south, "chongdejin county" (see Yuan Dynasty's "general textual research on literature"). So far, the nature of the grass market is gradually obvious.

In the sixth year of Dali (771) of Tang Dynasty, Jiaxing county had more than 4000 households, which was promoted to Wangxian county (in the Tang Dynasty, the county was divided into Wangxian County, Jingxian County, Shangxian County, Zhongxian County and Xiaxian county according to the population, which rose and fell every three years). Yu'er belonged to Jiaxing at that time. Guangxu years "Shimen County annals" contains: "Tang Chengtong nine years (868) in this building Chengyuan." Further development of Buddhism.

In the second year of Qianfu (875), Wu convention was granted the title of "Yihe Zhenyan envoy", so yu'er became the administrative place of the officials, with frequent official and military vehicles and frequent business contacts, and market towns began to form on the West Bank of the canal.

At the beginning of Kaiping in the Later Liang Dynasty, "yu'er" and "Yi He" were subordinate to Qian Mu, king of Wu and Yue. Although Qian Mu worshiped Buddhism, his country was as old as before, but Buddhism was as grand as before. Guangxu "Shimen County annals" contains: "kaipingjian, built Baoshou Temple (Southern Song Dynasty Shaoxing to nanguangfu temple, commonly known as South Temple) This has played a great role in the prosperity of yu'er.

In the third year of Tianfu in the later Jin Dynasty (938), Chongde county was set up in Yihe Town, which made the town a gathering place for county administration. According to the Jiaqu documents of the Republic of China, "in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties, the Central Plains was bustling, and Qian Mu lived in Wu and Yue for more than 80 years, but he was not attacked by soldiers alone. Chongde was close to the capital of Wu and Yue, and was crowned by all sides, resulting in the prosperity of the humanities."

The Northern Song Dynasty attached great importance to agricultural production, implemented the measures of opening up wasteland, destroying forest and reclaiming land from lakes. At this time, the cultivated area of Chongde suburb increased greatly, and the suburb became the main production area of rice, wheat and mulberry. According to the geographical records of the history of the Song Dynasty, "there are cloth and rice in Chongde."

According to Jiaxing Fu Zhi of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty, "the territory of Chongde is vast and flat, and the canal line is in it. Sanglin, Jialong and boundless are plain and fertile soil." With the development of suburban agriculture, some craftsmen and merchants gathered in the town, which promoted the prosperity of the county. The records of Shimen County in the reign of Emperor Guangxu contains: "the tax collection Pavilion, Song Jian, is 200 steps to the east of the county; the wine tax, Song Jian, is 150 steps to the Northeast; the official vinegar storehouse, Song Jian, is 100 steps to the northeast of the county; the Didang storehouse, tea and salt farm, Song Jian, is 150 steps to the northeast of the county." These phenomena show that the commodity economy of the town had begun to take shape at that time.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, the capital of Lin'an (now Hangzhou), Chongde was the place where the Grand Canal flowed. It was close to Kyoto. At that time, many "officials" and "aristocratic families" moved to Chongde. In the southern suburbs (now listed), there is a secretary named Cheng Fang Gongcheng. In the northern suburbs (now Lambs), there is a supplement to the right knights, who live in the western suburbs.

According to the annals of Chongde County in Wanli years, "when they came to the south, there were almost 20 literati who came to live there." Mo Cong and Fu Kui were all well-known scholars who moved from the north. "Chongfu Temple records" of Ming Dynasty says: "zheshui is the capital of Song Dynasty, and Chongde is the capital of Song Dynasty. In the past decades, there have been a lot of registered permanent residence, numerous people, and scholar bureaucrats who are facing humiliation in Xiayi, asking about the rise and fall of common customs, exploring small victories, and stopping boats frequently."

During the period of "Yi Guan Nan Du", Chongde became the northern barrier of the temporary capital. The canal that flows through Chongfu serves as the transportation lifeline from the north to the capital, and Chongfu is flourishing day by day. By Yuan and Ming Dynasties, Chongde had become one of the most influential towns in Jiangnan.

Although Chongde was established as a county for a long time, its city was built later, and the construction of the state city began at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. According to Guangxu's Shimen County annals, "there is no city because of the county. It was built in 1368, the 36th year of Emperor Shun of Yuan Dynasty. Friday in 30 steps, home four, Watergate three. Chisel the market for oil, seven Zhang wide, three Zhang two feet deep, the pace of its city has increased. In the Ming Dynasty, when Japanese pirates invaded the coastal areas, the coastal defense officials believed that Tang He was in a hurry to defend. They demolished the bricks and stones of the state city and built Zhapu city. During the Jiajing period, Japanese pirates invaded Chongfu three times, and the common people were devastated. As the saying goes: "Chongyuan City, the entry of thieves is like nobody."

He also said: "if a city is worshipped but not guarded, the people will leave with the Marquis; if a city is worshipped and guarded, peace can last for a long time." In the 35th year of Jiajing (1556), the governor of Zhejiang ordered to build a city against Japanese invaders. County Magistrate Cai benduan and Yi Ren LV Xizhou restored the county town in Fengxi. Lu Xiang, a native of Chongde, was the only one who helped build the city. Later, it was regarded as "the good man's house". At the time of building the city, LV Xizhou personally wrote "the story of building a city in Chongde county", and the brown stone stood at the gate of the city. According to Shimen County annals written by Guangxu of Qing Dynasty, "Xinzhu county is 30 steps from seven Li in Zhou Dynasty, six feet from two Wen in height, five feet from one Zhang in width, and 50 steps from eight Li in Zhou Dynasty. The east gate is called Qingyang, the big south gate is called Lizheng, the small south gate is called Dairen, the west gate is called douze, and the north gate is called Huyi. " The chronicle also states: "in 1560, the 39th year of Jiajing reign of the Ming Dynasty, Liu Zongwu, the magistrate of the county, built a northern and southern urn city."

In 1658, the county magistrate Li Zhenfeng called on the city to merge the coal and cultivate the high. In 1712, Han Qizhi, the county magistrate, rebuilt the four gate towers. In the same year, the county magistrate Wang Yihe rebuilt the battlements and the west gate tower. In the fifth year of Yongzheng (1727), LV Tingzhu, the county magistrate, asked to repair the city in detail. In 1759, the county magistrate Zhou Ding filled the sanshuimen. Three years later, county magistrate Bao zugan rebuilt the Northwest sanshuimen.

In the eighth and ninth years of Jiaqing period (1803-1804), more than 30 sections of the county collapsed. The county magistrate Ji Chenglie asked for the construction. Later, the county magistrate Hong Zhongjie and Yin Qiying successively invested in the repair. In 1860 and 1861, the Taiping army attacked the county twice, demolished the eastern half of the city, moved it to the South and North City River 60 steps to the East, and set the east gate at Xigui of Yiji bridge (middle bridge). In the fifth year of tongzhi (1866), Yang Enshu, the county magistrate, asked for donations to rebuild and dredge the pond. In 1870, county magistrate Chen Mo rebuilt shuoyimen. In 1827, county magistrate Yu Liyuan rebuilt the xishuimen. In 1877, the walls of xichengmen collapsed and Yu Liyuan petitioned for reconstruction.

At the beginning of the Republic of China, the city walls were still intact. In 1936, a new central gate was opened between the big south gate and the small South Gate to facilitate transportation. During the Japanese occupation, the east gate and the south gate were closed, and blockhouses were built on the walls of other gates. In 1945, when the Japanese surrendered and the government took over, the city wall still existed, but the moat outside the city was blocked. After liberation in 1949, zhongzhengmen was changed into jiefangmen. During the Great Leap Forward period from 1958 to 1959, due to the construction of water conservancy, the bricks and stones of the city wall were demolished and transported to the countryside one after another, so the city wall was abandoned.

Evolution of organizational system

There are 5 residents' committees and 1 vegetable team in the town.

Vegetables

Chinese PinYin : Zhe Jiang Sheng Jia Xing Shi Tong Xiang Shi Chong Fu Zhen