Logistics Park, Hanjiang District, Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province

Logistics Park

Logistics park is a place where a variety of logistics facilities and different types of logistics enterprises are concentrated in space in the area where logistics operations are concentrated and where several modes of transportation are connected. It is also a gathering point of logistics enterprises with a certain scale and a variety of service functions.

definition

One of the definitions

Wang Ming, deputy director of the Comprehensive Transportation Research Institute of the State Planning Commission, said: it is an urban logistics functional area with the nature of economic development and relatively centralized construction and development of logistics organization and management nodes. At the same time, it also relies on relevant logistics service facilities to reduce logistics costs, improve logistics operation efficiency, and improve the circulation and processing, raw material procurement, and convenience and consumption related to enterprise services Its extension: as a city logistics functional area, logistics park includes logistics center, distribution center, transportation hub facilities, transportation organization and management center and logistics information center, as well as logistics infrastructure to meet the needs of city logistics management and operation; as an economic functional area, its main functions are as follows It is to carry out enterprise production and business activities to meet the needs of urban residents' consumption, nearby production and regional production organizations. According to the above definition, modern logistics park has two main functions, namely, logistics organization and management function and economic development function relying on logistics services.

Definition 2

Wang Derong, executive vice president of China Communications and Transportation Association and President of Logistics Research Institute of China Communications and Transportation Association, said: logistics park is a place where a variety of logistics facilities and different types of logistics enterprises are spatially concentrated in areas where logistics operations are concentrated and where several modes of transportation are connected. It is also a gathering point for logistics enterprises with a certain scale and a variety of service functions . It includes eight functions: comprehensive function, intensive function, information transaction function, centralized storage function, distribution processing function, multimodal transport function, auxiliary service function and parking function. Among them, the content of the comprehensive function is: it has the function of integrating various logistics modes and logistics forms, and can comprehensively deal with the operation modes of storage, packaging, loading and unloading, circulation processing, distribution, etc., as well as the mutual conversion between different operation modes.

concept

Different appellations

There is no unified definition of logistics park at home and abroad, and its appellation is different in different countries.

1. Logistics park first appeared in Tokyo, Japan, also known as logistics group. Since 1965, when planning urban development in Japan, the government has set out from the overall interests of the city. In order to solve the urban dysfunction, alleviate the urban traffic congestion, reduce the pressure of industry on the environment, maintain the industrial cohesion, conform to the development trend of logistics industry, and realize the smooth flow of goods, the government has set up a number of intensive transportation and warehouses in the suburbs or near the main traffic arteries of urban and rural fringe The logistics group land with the functions of storage, market, information and management, through gradually supporting and improving various infrastructure and service facilities, providing various preferential policies, attracts large-scale logistics (distribution) centers to gather here, so as to obtain scale benefits, which plays an important role in integrating the market and reducing the logistics cost operation, and at the same time, reduces the distribution of large-scale distribution centers in the city center All kinds of adverse effects have become the basic industries supporting Japan's modern economy.

2. In Europe, logistics park is called a freight village. Freight village refers to all activities related to commodity transportation, logistics and distribution in a certain area, including international and domestic transportation, which are realized by various operators. These operators may be owners or renters of the buildings and facilities (warehouses, demolition centers, inventory areas, offices, parking lots, etc.) built there. At the same time, in order to comply with the rules of free competition, a freight village must allow all enterprises closely related to the business activities stated above to enter. A freight village must also have all the public facilities to achieve all the operations mentioned above. If possible, it should also include public services to employees and users' equipment. In order to encourage the multimodal transport of goods, it is necessary to use more suitable and diversified transport modes (land, railway, deep sea / deep water port, inland river, air transport to serve a freight Village). Finally, a freight village must be run by a single entity, either public or private, which is necessary.

This definition was formulated by an organization called "European platform" on September 18, 1992

(1) Realize all business activities such as transportation, logistics and distribution in the freight village - business activities or scope;

(2) Operators are the owners and lessees of logistics and related facilities - owners and operators;

(3) The entry of enterprises abides by the principle of free competition market rules;

(4) The freight village must have all the public facilities - basic or infrastructure;

(5) Diversified transportation mode - diversified transportation mode;

(6) A single operation subject - operation subject.

3. In China, the first logistics park is Shenzhen Pinghu logistics base, which was founded on December 1, 1998. The concept of logistics base was put forward for the first time, which is called "a specific area for the construction of logistics foundation". It has three characteristics: first, comprehensive and intensive; second, independent and professional; third, public welfare. Logistics base is an independent area which is engaged in professional logistics industry and has the characteristics of public welfare. (in the national standard of logistics terms 2001, there is no definition of "logistics industry", "logistics industry", "logistics park" and other concepts.)

In the newly revised national standard of the people's Republic of China logistics terminology (GB / t18354) in 2006, the concept of logistics park is explained comprehensively: Logistics Park refers to the logistics facilities group and logistics park that are built in the surrounding areas of the city for the purpose of realizing the intensification of logistics facilities and the common operation of logistics, or for the purpose of rationalizing the spatial layout of urban logistics facilities The physical assembly place of many logistics operators in the region

Include elements

Combined with the situation of logistics park at home and abroad, it can be concluded that the definition of logistics park should include the following elements:

(1) Land scale

Logistics park is a big concept, while logistics distribution center in general is a small concept, which is clear at home and abroad. Therefore, logistics park is required to have a certain scale. Because the scale will determine the facilities, functions and services that the logistics park can carry.

(2) Logistics facilities

The logistics park must have relatively complete facilities, including infrastructure (facilities for warehousing and transportation services), public facilities (facilities for Industry and commerce, taxation, customs, commodity inspection, banking, insurance and other services) and related facilities (facilities for office, accommodation, catering and other services).

(3) Entry criteria (or rules)

Logistics park must formulate clear entry standards for enterprises, and determine the entry and exit or stay of enterprises according to the rules of market competition. It is unscientific that there is no standard or that the standard should be relaxed first and then tightened.

(4) Logistics function and service

Logistics services include basic services and additional services (or value-added services), including services for entry enterprises and end customers. In the planning and design of logistics park, we can't just stay in the function, we must define the services provided, and design the services of logistics park according to the "chain" (demand chain, supply chain, value chain, industrial chain, service chain, etc.) (it is suggested to introduce business model in the planning and design of Logistics Park).

(5) Operation subject

Logistics needs to be intensive, land development needs to be intensive, cities need to be operated, and so on. If the logistics park does not have a clear operator, then the return on land and various investments can only be on paper. We should avoid the situation that there is only one operator on the surface, but in fact there is only one management agent but no operator. It is difficult to form a real operation subject by a single way of transferring or leasing land through investment promotion. Land management and logistics park management are two different concepts.

(6) Investors

This problem is particularly important for China's logistics parks. The vast majority of logistics parks start from the birthplace. The main situation is that the logistics parks are invested and controlled by government departments or enterprises directly under the government in the form of land, and on this basis, a group of people with two brands are derived. This will inevitably lead to the situation that government and enterprises are not separated. Many logistics parks in foreign countries start from Shudi. Even if it is invested by the government, there is no government intervention. As for the subject of investment, we should make clear not only the subject of investment itself, but also the relationship between the subject of investment and the subject of operation.

induce

The definition of logistics park can be summarized as follows:

Distribution park refers to the place where one or more enterprises or units (operators and investors) that meet the relevant conditions (entry enterprises and standards or rules) adopt relevant facilities and equipment (logistics facilities) to manage and engage in logistics activities (logistics functions and services) with specific functions in a certain regional space (land scale). It is a place with special functions Logistics assembly point with certain scale and comprehensive service function.

connotation

The logistics park brings together many logistics enterprises, implements specialized and large-scale operation, gives full play to the overall advantages, promotes the improvement of logistics technology and service level, shares relevant facilities, reduces operating costs and improves scale efficiency. Its connotation can be summarized

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