Li Fajia

Li Fajia

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(1652 ~ 1718) word Yingxian, Yunxi, Heyang (now Fenglu Town, Chengjiang City, Yunnan Province) people. He was a famous scholar in Central Yunnan, a governor in remote Hunan Province, an outstanding official poet representative and a typical orderly in the Kangxi Dynasty of Qing Dynasty. Kangxi 23 years (1684) Ju Ren. The calligraphy is elegant, beautiful and vigorous, elegant and close to Dong Qichang. He wrote Shi en Tang poetry anthology and Li Zhong Cheng's posthumous works.

Life of the characters

Li Fajia was gifted and intelligent when he was a child. As a child, he studied in Fengxiang Temple private school in Heyang County. Before he reached the age of 18, he became the son-in-law of Shi Benhui in Dongmen. The Shi family was virtuous, loyal, and valued FA Jia's talent. After he came to his home, he encouraged him to study hard in order to make progress. in 1688, Jiazi was selected in the imperial examination, and the name on the list was Shi Fajia. When the good news came, the Shi and Li families were very happy, and their relatives and friends came to congratulate them. Soon after, the Ministry of household issued a notice that all the people from all over the country were allowed to come to Beijing for the examination at public expense. Fajia said goodbye to his parents and set out for Beijing on an auspicious day. After arriving in the capital, he was full of confidence to prepare for the entrance examination. Unexpectedly, after the entrance examination, he was defeated and went back to his hometown in a bad mood. Encouraged by Shi Li's elders, relatives and friends, FA Jia made up his mind to be indignant and strong, specializing in classics and history, writing eight part essays, taking Wei Zhengjian's ten thoughts as his motto and warning himself. The next year, he went to Beijing for the examination, and the Ministry of officials gave him the title of Professor Dali of Yunnan. During his term of office, he restored the Confucian temple, built a school palace, and received many children, which was praised by Dali scholars. He was appointed as the imperial edict of Yuanjiang and made outstanding achievements. Then he was promoted to Lingshou county magistrate in Western Hebei. After taking office, the locust plague became extinct, the tiger plague was eliminated, the bandits were silenced, the life of the common people was improved, and the political voice spread far and wide. Li Xiangguo of Anxi, hearing Li Fajia's achievements in governing Lingshou, strongly recommended him to the emperor. Kangxi attached great importance to FA Jia's knowledge and ability, so he was granted Jinshi's family background, restored Li's surname, and promoted to censor. He was impeachable, aboveboard and upright. He had impeached dozens of cases of violating the law and discipline, which shocked the world and won the praise of Kangxi. In particular, "relief to the famine in Qilu" is bold and straightforward, aiming at demoting the current affairs and causing a sensation. Because it involved the current politics and the relatives of the emperor, Kangxi was displeased, and the Ministry dismissed him, but he loved his loyalty and didn't send any papers. After that, he transferred to Bei Dao Dao Tai, and later moved to the Jingdong platform and then promoted to the Fujian cloth government division. In 1713, he was transferred to Hunan governor. When he arrived in Hunan, he saw a large number of beggars escaping from the famine. He asked the reason. Because of years of famine and drought, the people were in dire straits. He immediately ordered government and county officials to open warehouses for relief. Before long, the drought turned into flood, and the river rose sharply. Some fields and houses in Jiangzhou counties such as Changde, Yuezhou and Changsha were destroyed by floods. Li Fajia quickly lent money to the vassal and sent people to the disaster areas for relief. He took the lead in donating money to buy food to relieve the displaced people, so that the victims would not be displaced and rebuild their homes. In the early Qing Dynasty, scholars in Hunan had to go to Wuchang to have an examination. The water surface of Dongting Lake was wide and the waves were rough, and sometimes capsized. Li Fajia went to Hunan Province for three times to set up an examination room to facilitate the examination. Later, it was blocked by the Ministry. Many things were not going well in Hunan, he became ill after a long period of hard work and died during his term of office. Yishufei reported to Kyoto, the emperor with Li Fajia honest, loyal and dutiful, should be with compassion, special funeral. His coffin was sent back from Hunan to Heyang County of Chengjiang prefecture (now Chengjiang City, Yunnan Province) and buried in Laozhuangzi, a meadow. The stone markers, Stone Beasts, stone tables and stools, and Gaofeng steles of the ancestral Tomb of Li Fu in Fengshan were all built according to orders. At the intersection of Beizheng street and Lifu street in the county, a magnificent stone archway with three holes was built to commemorate it. On the north side of the square top, there is "Sanshi Lianke", and on the south side, there is "Zhongcheng", so it is called "Zhongcheng square".

strange stories

On this day, Emperor Kangxi opened a memorial, which was written by Li Fajia, governor of Kangxi on the 10th of December in the 56th year (January 11, 1718), to report Hunan's abundant autumn harvest, Ruixue Yingchi from the 4th to the 8th of December, etc. For such memorials, Emperor Kangxi generally wrote "know". But I don't know where there is a problem, it is written as "know son". He didn't look at it much, so he put the memorial back in the cover. When Li Fajia and even contemporary readers see the word "zhizhizi", their first reaction must be - Oh, a clerical error. Indeed, Emperor Kangxi wrote "I know" on the memorial at least 1300 times, only this time it was wrong. There is no doubt that it is a clerical error.

personal works

There are three volumes of Li Zhongcheng's remains, which are included in the collection 20 of Yunnan series. Volume 1 contains 16 ancient styles, 86 five rhythms, Volume 2 contains 8 five character rhythms, 88 seven rhythms, 2 five Jue poems and 10 seven Jue poems. Volume 1 and Volume 2 are named Juyi Caotang Poetry collection, which contains 210 poems. Li Fajia's poems are mainly composed of five or seven character poems, and his poems about history and scenery change with his official position. He often uses the original rhyme in response to his official position, which shows his superb language skills, appropriate lyrical words and deeds, and reflects the typical official behavior. The titles of some poems are more than 50 words long, which is equivalent to the preface before the poem and clearly explains the reasons for his poems. Li Fajia, a famous scholar in Central Yunnan, has a small number of memorials of official documents, but it is highly documentary, which is a concrete embodiment of Li Fajia's dedication to official work and a true record of typical officials in power. There are two prefaces to Li Zhongcheng's remains collected in Yunnan series. One of them is written by Chen Shishan, the great scholar of Wenyuan Pavilion of Qianlong. The prefaces are as follows: since the three dynasties, the political affairs of the article have been divided into two ways, and the officials and scholars have been separated from each other. When they change places, they can't do anything. Their politics and literature are far from ancient times. This is not only a human talent, but also the fate of the world. In Tang Dynasty, the son of Du family, the Han family, retired. Both of them held the talent of running the country. Although they had the Fu of "presenting three great rites" to destroy the Buddha's bones, they have not been able to use it up to now. They are able to hold the strange and different sentences in the leisure time of Nanyue in Dongting Lake and sing in the land of Qinchuan in the same valley. They are famous poets of poetry and Fu. However, when they read the works of the northern expedition in Nanshan Mountain, their economy is springing up everywhere. Li Fajia was a typical official in Kangxi period. His official career can be confirmed by his documents and other records. Chen Shishan's preface was written in 1751, the year of Emperor Qianlong's reign. At that time, Li Fajia had already died for many years. The Chen family was a famous family in Haining. Chen Shishan, a bachelor, was willing to write a preface to the collection of Li Zhongcheng's remains. It can be seen that Li Fajia's official status and character were recognized by the aristocratic family. In the preface, Chen Shishou praises Li Fajia as well as Du Fu and Han Yu in Tang Dynasty. Both Du and Han have outstanding talents and learning. They both have rough official career and roam around Dongting Lake. Li Fajia is luckier than Du and Han, and their official reputation is outstanding because of Dongting. In a word, Li Fajia's poems are full of care and peace. Guo Songtao in Xiangyin, Hunan Province once wrote postscript for Li Fajia's works, which is called "today's Xiangshan Changqing collection". In the redacted edition, Li Fajia's poems are lingering and reciprocating at the time of his family's monarchy, which reflects Li Fajia's characteristics of living in the Tang Dynasty. Guo Songtao's words show that Li Fajia's poems advocate Tang poetry and like Bai Ju Yi Changqing's collection style is similar to Bai Juyi's poems, which are popular and clear. Li Fajia's calligraphy is also outstanding. When he worked in Yunnan, he left couplets in many places, and couplets in Mingzhu nunnery of Yangzong in Chengjiang: "the pines in Wanhe Valley, the wind and the water are moist, and the fish in the thousand year old cave jump." Li Fajia wrote three couplets of haiyunju temple in Jianchuan, Dali, which are as follows: living in the green mountains, before the moon; the old monk often accompanies the crane, and the ancient temple sleeps more in the clouds; the secluded place is quiet, and the clear mountain is the head of the water. The antithetical couplet should be the performance of the local literati in memory of Li Fajia, which shows that although Li Fajia is famous in pianyuan, his influence is all over Yunnan.

Relative members

Father: Li Mian, the character of Junhua, is a kind and honest man. He knows books and courtesy, and is willing to give. descendant: Li Zeng (1875-1933), whose name is cangao, was named sanpao in the evening and Weixue in the other name. He once served as the speaker of the Advisory Bureau of Yunnan Province. Drinking, good at calligraphy, known as "a unique Southern.".

Chinese PinYin : Li Fa Jia