Li Zhongjian

Li Zhongjian

Li Zhongjian (1721-1781) was born in Xihao village, Changfeng Town, Renqiu City, Hebei Province.

Personal profile

Li Zhongjian (1721-1781) was named Lianyi, Zijing and Wenyuan. He is from Xihao village, Changfeng Town, Renqiu City, Hebei Province. Li Zhongjian was a famous writer and poet in Qianlong period of Qing Dynasty. He created a large number of literary works and formed a unique style of poetry and writing, which occupied a certain position in the literary world of the Qing Dynasty. His article is "broad and profound". Poetry is pure and profound. " His poems and essays truthfully recorded the culture, education and social and economic situation of the country at that time, ranging from the government officials to the common people, as well as mountains and rivers, local historical records, etc. At the age of 28, he became a Jinshi, a member of the Imperial Academy, a member of the imperial court, and even the president of the Xian'an palace school. He has served as the chief examiner and branch officer for nine times, and twice as the governor of the Academy. He has been engaged in the cultural and educational undertakings of the country all his life. He has cultivated and selected a large number of talents for the country, and has been highly praised by famous scholars in the Qing Dynasty.

Life experience

I: Li Zhongjian's life and background of the times < br > Mr. Li Zhongjian was born in an official family with a scholarly family, and there are many famous officials in the family. Li Kui Chun, the great ancestor of Li Kui Chun, was born in the Ming Dynasty. He was a well-known gentry in Hejian Prefecture. He held the title of "township drinking official guest". After his death, Li Kui Chun was like the ancestral hall of Renqiu county. He wrote the article "family precepts" and passed it down to the world. Li Tianxu, the great ancestor of the Ming Dynasty, was a tributary. In the early Qing Dynasty, he was appointed a magistrate of Pingliang Prefecture in Shaanxi Province. He had the merit of "pacifying the enemy and annihilating the enemy". He was granted a direct official and worshipped the local sages. From Li taoqing, the great uncle, Shunzhi Jinshi was granted the county magistrate of Mian County. Before his father went there, he worshipped the local sages. Li Yigu, the great uncle, was a Jinshi in Shunzhi. He has been a member of the three internal academies (the national history academy, the Secretary academy, and the Hongwen Academy) in reviewing, editing, and writing. He has also been a member of the Imperial Academy of Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has written shangyoushanfang anthology and lunyinhuiji. His grandfather, Li Yigu, was a student of Gongsheng. Li Ji, his father, Xu Zhai, the son of the state, was a student and candidate for the county magistrate. Their deeds are recorded in the general annals of Ji Fu and Renqiu county annals.
Mr. Li Zhongjian was intelligent and studious when he was a child. Influenced and educated by a good family tradition, Li Zhongli, his brother-in-law, is very strict with his family education. He is well-informed and has a strong memory, and has made a lot of profits. At the age of 12, he was a doctoral student, and was appreciated by Qian Chenqun, a scholar of shuntianfu, for his intelligence. Qian taught and helped him a lot. He was recommended by Qian Chenqun to join Lianchi Academy in Baoding, so he got a good chance to further his studies. In the ninth year of Qianlong's reign, he won the provincial examination and was ranked first in the country. In a wind watching test held in Baoding, his articles were praised for their vigor and beauty, and he was awarded the first place. The Zhili School Department awarded him a special award for his excellent character and learning. There was a plaque of "a great man in one province" hanging in the hall of Li's ancestral hall. Unfortunately, during the Japanese occupation of North China in 1943, Li's ancestral hall and the plaque were burned in the flames of war.
In the 13th year of Qianlong (1748), Li Zhongjian, at the age of 28, was admitted to the Imperial Academy as a second-class Jinshi, and he began his official career. Not long ago, due to the death of his parents, he stayed at home for six years. In the 20th year of Qianlong's reign, when filial piety expired, he went to Beijing to teach and edit. After that, he was promoted to President of Xian'an palace school, and later to Shandong as the chief examiner. He went straight to the study and was promoted to Bachelor of science. He served as the governor of Yunnan Province in 24 years and returned to Beijing after three years. 33 years, 35 years, respectively, Hunan, Hubei, as the examiners. In the spring of 36, he served as the school officer of Enke examination, and the next year he served as the governor of Shandong Province. In the 39th year of Qianlong, Wang Lun led the peasants to revolt, because Wang Lun was the successful candidate when he was the chief examiner in Shandong. He was demoted three times in succession. However, Emperor Qianlong "thought that he was cautious in his life, he was still awarded to the editor and ordered to be admitted to the inner court..." In the 42nd year of Qianlong's reign, he begged for retirement due to illness and went to seclusion in nanjucao Hall (formerly known as Taoist garden) in YouAnMen, Beijing. From then on, Dumen wrote books and devoted himself to his studies. Four years later, he died in the village of Renqiu Xihao. He was 60 years old.
Second, literary achievements < br > Mr. Li Zhongjian was one of the famous "seven sons of Yingzhou" in the Qing Dynasty. The so-called Yingzhou is the ancients' appellation for the area around hejianfu in Zhili during the Ming and Qing Dynasties, including Hejian, Baoding, Renqiu, Xianxian, etc. During the reign of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty, there were seven literati living in the northern literary world. They were Bian Lianbao, Liu Bing, Ge Dai, Li Zhongjian, Bian Jizu, Ge Tao and Ji Yun. Because of their close relationship, they sing in harmony with each other in poetry and prose, and each has its own style, so they are called "seven sons of Yingzhou". Qian Chenqun, a famous poet at that time, attached great importance to the "seven sons of Yingzhou". In his poem huaiyingzhou seven sons and preface, he expressed that he not only recognized the status of the seven sons, but also respected them, reflecting their close relationship as teachers and friends. In the preface, it is said that "Ying Hai Zhou Ci, cherishing Bian Zhengjun Lian Bao, Liu Taishou Bing, GE xiudai, Li Jianzhong, reviewing his successor, Ge Shu Chang Tao, Ji Xiaolian Yun, all seven of them are from Hejian county" and "seven kinds of Hengwen land, stars and banners refer to Jinji". If you don't give a tree a peach or a plum, the county will be beautiful. Zhuzi's road to the emperor is a rare frontier. Once in a while, I'll see you in the end. The Lord has pity on the sick and the laborer has a rest. One from the Dao Zu Xi, and from Fu Chu Yi. The mirror knows how to recite poems, but the heart knows how to be fat. Sometimes it's against the rule to shake hands. Who should be the successor of Daya. I hope we can make every effort to talk and answer
Li Zhongjian, one of the seven sons, has profound attainments in poetry. He wrote poetry when he was young. In his early years, he was instructed by the great poet Qian Chenqun. He also talked with Mr. Dai Suitang of Shenyang about the method of poetry, and constantly compared with his poetry friends. He got the gist of writing. In terms of poetic theory, he respected the poetic tradition of Han, Tang and Song dynasties. Critics said that he "lived in the Han and Wei dynasties in the five ancient times of poetry, in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and in the seven ancient times of poetry, and studied the great Soviet Union.". It can be seen that he did not stick to the Han and Wei dynasties, or disabled the Tang and Song Dynasties, but looked at the whole tradition of Chinese poetry. Therefore, when talking about Li Zhongjian's poems and essays, some people compare him with Zhu Yun, Zhu Si, Ji Yun and other scholars of the literary world at that time, saying that "Mr. Li is as famous as his brother Lihe and Ji Xiaolan in the ci poetry hall, and is closely related to each other for a while, and his literary reputation is crowned in the sea.". Li Zhongjian has created a lot of poems and prose in his life. His poems are not only based on a wide range of materials, rich in content, but also have a pure ancient and profound style. He uses a wide range of allusions and has a fresh style. His poems are both magnificent and bold, but also reveal profound truth. There are not only praises to the beautiful mountains and rivers of the motherland, but also praises to the poor people and poor women. Some poems express their aspirations by chanting the wind and the moon, while others express their feelings by writing flowers and plants. Poetry is always in the process of recalling the past, reciting the present, climbing high, or looking far away. It organically integrates poetic sentiment and scenery and shows the poet's broad and rich inner world. Li Zhongjian's poems and essays, with the characteristics and style of "clean words and broad meaning, full of spirit and reasonable", spread widely, admired by scholars, and even regarded as a model. Lu Yao, a famous scholar at that time, praised and said: "Mr. Li Lianyi, Wu Qiu, has long been famous. Since the day when he ascended the throne, he wrote a piece of paper to spread the art world The world looks at it as auspicious, powerful and Phoenix, and it's impossible to trace it All the works that should be given as gifts are also well-known as the phoenix of Gaogang. In Yunnan, in Chu, in Qilu, in Huanghua Xiyuan, the local customs are recorded. It's like a person traveling in the territory and witnessing the appearance of the letter. Its work is in CI. It's like chanting the ancient customs. It's gentle and honest. Originally, it's honest and honest. It's the essence of Mr. Yitan's interest and learning. "
When Li Zhongjian was born in the heyday of Emperor Qianlong, he could not help but write poems for the imperial court and the emperor, such as praising the merits and praising the virtues, and responding to the needs of his friends. But in these poems, he tried to enrich the positive content, tortuous expression of his true feelings. On Qianlong's 50th birthday, Li wrote a "long life ode" to the emperor's "great filial piety, diligence, sagacity, holy martial arts..." While waiting for the so-called nine merits, he also implicitly admonished the emperor for taking the people as the foundation, keeping business is not easy, and strictly practicing bow and frugality, expressing his feelings of worrying about the country and the people. “…… Li was born in Shouyu, but he didn't do anything; he was born in Chuntai, and the people knew that there were celebrations. Assist in the fate of thousands of spirits, and show the great rest of the world It is difficult to think in ease, but not drunk in summer, rain and cold. Move to the sky, stop to the ground It is difficult for a man to start his own business on the day when he started his own business, but it is not easy for him to keep success in the year when he succeeded. Therefore, the former people's work in the rain and the wind is clear to laizi, while the latter's diligence in the light and the light is better than the former's He cherished the material resources for the people and encouraged the officials. All of them agreed with each other and didn't allow Metz to offer himself. But you can see the yellow hair, and you will finally benefit Lin Quan. " These words were admonishments against the imperial court's current malpractices and warnings against danger in times of peace. To the Qing Dynasty at that time, they were bitter medicine. Unfortunately, most of the emperors and most officials at that time were indulged in the narcissism of peace and prosperity, and no one paid attention to his sober and disharmonious voice. In this regard, sun Xingyan, a scholar of the Qing Dynasty, said: "Mr. Wen's writing is grand and profound, and Mu Ran has the deep heart of supporting the world." There are 8 volumes of jiashushanfang anthology and 121 articles in Li Zhongjian's poems. Jiashu Shanfang poetry anthology has 18 volumes, including more than 1200 poems. In the sixth year of Jiaqing, Li Xueying organized his collection of poems and essays and published it in a stereotyped way. This book was collected by Ruan Yuan, a scholar of Qing Dynasty, into Si Ku Wei Shu Ji Kan, entitled complete works of Mr. Li Wenyuan. These works are the brilliant achievements of Li Zhongjian's life, leaving us precious historical, literary and historical materials, which have important historical and literary value. In a word, Li Zhongjian is accomplished in poetry

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