Zhu Lei

Zhu Lei

Zhu Bi (February 6, 1378 to August 23, 1438), male, Han nationality, was the imperial clan of the Ming Dynasty. He was the 15th son of Zhu Yuanzhang, the emperor of the Ming Dynasty, and his mother's imperial concubine, Yu family. He was one of the Nine Emperors of the Ming Dynasty.

Hongwu was born in 1378 in yingtianfu, nanzhili (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). In 1391, he was granted the title of King Qing. Hongwu 26 years (1393) on the fan Ningxia (now Ningxia Yinchuan). In 1438, he died at the age of 61 and was buried in Luoshan, Weizhou. He was posthumously named king Qingjing.

Life of the characters

On April 13, 1391, the 24th year of Hongwu, he was canonized as king of Qing and granted the land of Qingyang (now Gansu Province).

In the 26th year of Hongwu (1393), he should have moved to the town of Ningxia (now Yinchuan), because Ningxia was a new war zone near the border, and it was still difficult to ensure the safety of the prince and bear the huge economic burden of the palace. The imperial court ordered King Qing to temporarily change his residence in Weizhou city (today's Tongxin Weizhou town in Ningxia), which was supplied by rent and taxes from Yan'an, Suide and Ningxia.

In 1395, he was authorized to manage the military affairs of Qingyang, Ningxia, Yan'an and Suide, and was responsible for guarding the frontier.

In 1394, sun Jida's daughter was appointed as the imperial concubine of Qing Dynasty. So King Qing married and lived in Weizhou for nine years. The mansion was built in 1397. In 1401, the imperial court ordered the prince to move to Zhencheng of Ningxia and took Ningxia Wei yamen office as the temporary royal residence.

Zhu is studious and literate. Loyalty and filial piety come from his nature. Chengzu of the Ming Dynasty appreciated that he went to Weizhou every year to spend the summer.

In the fifth year of Yongle (1407), the imperial court sent Yang Sheng, an official eunuch, Liu Qian and Wang Ke, the heads of the Ministry of industry, and Liu Junqing, the imperial supervisor of heaven, to Ningxia to jointly prepare for the construction of the new palace. But king Qing was eager to return to the mainland, and he stopped the construction of the palace. When the request of moving south was rejected by the imperial court again and again, he continued to expand the palace, making the new palace a magnificent building complex.

In the early years of Xuande (1426), Zhu said that Ningxia was low in humidity, bad in water and spring, and Qi still lived in Weizhou. It is not allowed to make contact at the age of one, just as in the Ming Dynasty. Soon after, some bodyguards took part in Zhu's lawlessness, and another eunuch Ma Anzhu slandered Zhu, who was uneasy. In the fifth year of Xuande (1430), he asked for permission to enter Korea.

In the early years of Zhengtong (1436), Shi Zhao, an official of Ningxia general army, played the role of Zhu. In the third year of Zhengtong (1438), Zhu Zhen asked to move to the country to avoid Shi Zhao. The Ming emperor Yingzong did not agree. Zhu Zhen was depressed and became ill. He died in King Qing's residence on the third day of August (August 23). He died at the age of 61. He was posthumously named "King Qingjing" and was known as "King Qingjing" in history.

King Qing passed the Six Dynasties of Hongwu, Jianwen, Yongle, Hongxi, Xuande and Zhengtong, enjoying 47 years of vassal power. On May 13 of the next year, he was buried in the sun of Lishan Mountain in Weizhou. Later, it became the zongling District of qingfan branch of Ming Dynasty. His eldest son Zhu Zhikui succeeded to the throne and was granted the title of King Kang. The imperial concubines of the Qing Dynasty include the sun family, the Tang family, and the Wei family. There were six sons, all of whom were made princes.

Qing Wang Fu

Qingwangfu is located on the west side of xunmenei street in the south of Zhencheng. It is a huge building complex facing south. Behind the building is Wangfu garden, with guest house and paradise. There are buildings, pavilions and pavilions in the garden. It is an attempt of King Qing to transplant Jiangnan garden to northern part of the Great Wall. It is also a representative of artificial garden in northern part of the Great Wall in Ming Dynasty.

Born in southern China, King Qing was deeply attached to the beautiful scenery in the south of the Yangtze River. In order to amuse himself and sing poems and meet friends, he transformed the Royal orchard outside Qinghe gate (East Gate) and on the East Bank of Honghua canal into a large amusement park, and personally named the new garden "Lijing garden". There are Fanglin palace, Wangchun Pavilion, Qunfang Pavilion, Dajue hall and many waterside pavilions, such as Fangyi Pavilion, Qingshu Pavilion, Xiefang Pavilion, ningcui Pavilion, Wangchun Pavilion, Shuiyue Pavilion, Qingyi Pavilion, Hanbi Pavilion, Huguang Pavilion, Xingzhuang Pavilion, Jujing Pavilion, Taoxi Pavilion, yuexie Pavilion, bimu Pavilion, Fuzhu Pavilion, Yuanyang pool, eya pool, etc. in the park; Yanqing temple in the East; Xiaochun garden in the South; Honghua canal in the West There is Qingyang gate in the north of the garden, and there is a large water park outside the gate, which is called "Jinbo Lake". In the west of the great lake, there is a pavilion near the lake, in the north there is a pavilion of mandarin ducks, in the south there is a pavilion of Yiqiu, and around the lake "the weeping willow is along the coast, the green shade covers the sun, the lotus is in the middle, and the boat is rippling, which is a grand view in the north." King Qing received Imperial Envoys, entertained guests, met friends, chanted poems and looked for fragrance in spring, avoided summer, enjoyed the moon in autumn and stepped on snow in winter. So King Qing, the Minister of frontier inspection, and the poets had a lot of chants and beautiful essays in the garden.

Life in old age

After the death of Zhu Yuanzhang, the crown prince Zhu Biao died before him, and the throne was inherited by his eldest grandson Zhu Yunwen. The fourth son of Zhu Yuanzhang (the fourth brother of Zhu He) refused to accept and launched a so-called "Jingnan" revolution. He seized the throne from his nephew and changed to Yongle (1403). In order to prevent other vassal kings from following his example and threatening his power, as soon as he came to power, Zhu Di changed his father's original basic national policy of "governing different surnames with the same surname" (appointing princes and grandchildren as vassal kings) to "governing the same surname with different surnames" (sending the close eunuchs to all parts of the country to supervise the clan and the Shouwen military officers of the town). Therefore, the situation of King Qing was not as good as before. His power was deprived and he lost his former prestige. He was just a decoration. In his later years, King Qing repeatedly asked to return to his hometown, but every time he was rejected by the imperial court for "not violating the instructions of his ancestors". At this time, his heart was very painful, and he missed his relatives, his hometown and his illness. He was very depressed and almost desperate. Everlasting longing for each other, he wrote in the words "the river of autumn," the water is long, and the road is long, and the river is closed. Ancient Xingzhou, ancient Lingzhou, white grass and yellow clouds are all worries. I urge you to rest on the building. " "Daolianzi" also wrote: "the wind is blowing, the rain is gurgling, may is like October cold, the plug has never been partial to the season, tired travel south, remember the country." Especially from the word "Xing Xiang Zi", we can see that King Qing only regarded himself as a rich man. The word said: "fifty years, Huafa YINGDIAN, get peace, thank heaven. Carefree is a God. There are several kitchen books, wanzhonglu, wanqiutian. Time flies, winter is cold and spring is sweet. As far as this life is concerned, everything will follow the fate, and it will spread from his sweat tube. But when you are hungry, you eat, when you are thirsty, and when you are sleepy, you sleep. "

Main achievements

Zhu, the king of Qing Dynasty, is "intelligent in nature, good at learning, and good at poetry". His works include 2 volumes of Ningxia annals, 18 volumes of Ning Zhen manuscript, 1 volume of collection of lines of boudoir love, and his own selections of articles, and the continuation of the advocacy of Tang poetry. In addition, King Qing's calligraphy is also well-known. "His cursive script is clear, elegant and elegant. It's not popular at all. It's widely spread in the world, so it's regarded as Gongbi". Unfortunately, only Ningxia annals, selected articles, and Zengguang Tang poetry advocacy sequel have been handed down, and the rest have been lost. Professor Bai Shuli of Ningxia University wrote "the king of Qingjing in Ming Dynasty", which was published by Ningxia people's Publishing House in August 2006. He made a detailed introduction and evaluation of Zhu's life. In 2009, at the invitation of Ningxia TV station, Professor Bai Shuli gave a lecture and shot three episodes of QingWang in the Ming Dynasty, which were broadcast all over the country.

learning

He is good at poetry and prose. He is good at antiquity, erudition and profound knowledge. He is good at poetry and calligraphy All the princes of the Ming Dynasty received good cultural training and education. The emperor Taizu of the Ming Dynasty selected professors for the princes and gave them a large number of ancient and modern books and classics. The Palace should have its own library. As the pro Prince's residence in Ming Dynasty, the Qing Prince's residence of Zhu Xi has rich historical and cultural books and various documents. All these books, which were given, transcribed, purchased and printed by the emperor, laid a good foundation for King Qing and his descendants to write essays, poems and works. We can roughly list a bibliography: qingwangfu has Shiji, Hanshu, Sui Shu, new and old Tangshu, shuijingzhu, Yuanhe County Tuzhi, Wudai history, Song History, Yuanshi and so on.

According to Hongzhi Ningxia Xinzhi, a large number of books have been published in qingwangfu: Cui Bao's ancient and modern notes, Sanyuan Yanshou's two books, Shouqin's endowment's four books, yinshanzheng's one book, and Mao huangzeng's five books. In particular, it has also printed the following works: two volumes of Ningxia annals, one volume of Jiju boudoir love, eighteen volumes of Ningzhen manuscript, one volume of Xiacheng poetry collection, six volumes of xianzhaisuizhuanlu, four volumes of Cangzhou yuyinlu and two volumes of humiliating essays. At present, there are only 21 volumes of Zhu's works, such as Ningxia annals, selected articles compiled by Zhu, and the continuation of Tang poetry.

As the first local chronicle in the history of Ningxia, the chronicle of Ningxia written by Zhu Bi is the first one to be compiled. There are many historical and academic research contributions in Ningxia annals written by Zhu He. In Ningxia annals, Zhu he proposed to "restore the provinces at the end of the Yuan Dynasty" to correct the Yuan Dynasty as "Ningxia Fu Lu"; Ningxia Wei was set up in the ninth year of Hongwu (1376) to correct the records of Ming history; the inscriptions in the tablet inscriptions of Daxia national funeral relics were included to prove that the tablet was carved in the third year of Daqing (1038) of Yuanhao; records "Shifo temple in the north of gulingzhou city", more than 600 years ago, it was the first to confirm that gulingzhou was in today's Wuzhong City of Ningxia. Because only today's Wuzhong City in Ningxia has Shifo temple, gulingzhou should be in today's Wuzhong City.

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Zhan