Zhu Bian

Zhu Bian

Zhu Bian (1085-1144) was an official and writer in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was born in Wuyuan, Huizhou (now in Jiangxi Province). He was Zhu Xi's great uncle and was born as a student. In the first year of Jianyan's reign, he recommended himself as the Deputy envoy of Tongwen to Jin. He was detained by Jin and refused to give in. He was detained for 16 years before he was released. He once advised Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty to restore the Central Plains, offended Qin Hui, and finally served Yilang. During his stay in Jin Dynasty, he wrote a lot of poems in memory of his hometown. He was an important poet in the early Southern Song Dynasty. There are "old news of Quhe", "poetry of fengyuetang" and so on.

Profile

Zhu Bian was in Taixue when he was young, and his poems were more important than Chao's. In the first year of Jianyan (1127), Emperor Gaozong planned to send envoys to the state of Jin to greet the two emperors Hui and Qin. Zhu Bian recommended himself and was ordered to serve as an alternate xiuwulang, Youwu doctor, and Jizhou regiment training envoy. He served as the Deputy envoy of Hedong Dajin army. In the first month of the next year, he accompanied Wang Lun. When the state of Jin was detained for five years, the king suddenly proposed to make peace and send someone back. Zhu Bian urged Wang Lun to return to the imperial court and said, "since I have come to the state of Jin and am ready to serve the imperial court as soon as I die, how can I get away with it first?" Wang Lun was asked to leave the seal, saying: "seal is also faith. I would like to hold the seal to keep the festival. I will never leave." After Wang Lun left, the Jin people forced him to take refuge with the puppet Qi Liu Yu, who had come down from the Jin Dynasty. He said, "the thief of Yu is also here. I hate not to eat his meat!" When the Jin people were angry, they cut off their diet. Zhu Bian endured hunger and refused to follow. The Jin people were forced to change their official positions. Bian said, "since ancient times, when there was a military relationship, you can follow it. If you can't follow it, you will be imprisoned and killed. Why change your official position Vow not to yield, and do all the preparation for sacrifice, choose the burial place, drink farewell wine. The Jin people had nothing to do, so they gave up persuading them to surrender. In the 13th year of Shaoxing, the song and Jin Dynasties reached an agreement, and then returned to the court with Hong Hao and Zhang Shao. Zhu Bian had been a loyal and unyielding man for 16 years. Gaozong declared that Zhu Bian should be promoted to several levels, but Qin Hui was only granted the power to fengyilang. He died in April of the 14th year in Shaoxing. Zhu Xi, his nephew, wrote Zhu Gong Xingli in the Zhimi Pavilion of Fengshi (Volume 98 of the collection of official documents of Zhu Wen), on which the history of Song Dynasty was established.

literature

Yuan Haowen's zhongzhouji collected 38 poems written by Zhu Bian when he stayed in Jin Dynasty. The content mostly reflects the life of prisoners, with sincere and deep feelings, lingering and graceful style, which is quite moving. For example, "cold food" wrote: "the age of the dead is long, and the beauty of the dead is new. Every cold food festival, frequent dream hometown spring Some poems are very skillful in refining sentences, such as "don't write about the poverty of poetry, worry like the sea, wine is too thin to dream of home" in "Chunyin", and "knot the sad cloud fragments of guests, call back home, dream of rain" in "seeing off spring", which is a little like the style of late Tang Dynasty. Zhu Xi's Xingzheng says that he is "cool in poetry and fond of Li Yishan, but graceful in CI, and does not follow his dangerous, strange and astringent malpractice in leisure". Qu Ji Jiu Wen, written during his stay in Jin Dynasty, mainly records the anecdotes of emperors and famous ministers since Taizu of the Northern Song Dynasty. There is no mention of Jin Dynasty. Obviously, it contains the thoughts of remembering the old king and his family and country. There are a lot of anecdotes about literati, which are of great value to the study of literature in Song Dynasty. The book exposes Cai Jing and others, praises Sima Guang and is dissatisfied with Wang Anshi. It describes the words and deeds of famous officials in detail, including poetry and textual research, and also talks about gods and monsters. Sikuquanshu collected all four volumes of the book, saying that Zhu Bian's writing of qufujiuwen "is intended to state the cause of the rise and fall of the Northern Song Dynasty, which is deeper than historical events and has supplement effect." From time to time, the book also recalls the scenery of his hometown and expresses his yearning for his distant hometown. He wrote: "there is a grass stem in Wuyuan of Xin'an County. Its leaves are weak but not long. Its leaves are similar to those of Ganju. It is commonly called" sugarcane ", but now it is wrongly called" Zha ". It tastes bitter and sweet. Warm, blood line, especially suitable for maternal. Boiled and kneaded to remove bitter juice, postpartum take more harmless. Therefore, it is also called "Kuyi tea". No one here knows. " "Fengyuetang Shihua" was also written in northern China. It emphasizes Su Shi and Huang Tingjian, but it opposes the poetic style of "no empty words, no false words; no empty words, no follow". It advocates "to build a place of Lao Du huncheng with the body skill", which is "the so-called higher work of Zen". In the preface of his poetry, he said that "his heart is empty, and there is no city. Although he knows nothing about his life, he will show it with his heart. His words touch taboos and call for regret and grudge. Therefore, every guest who comes here must say: you can talk about the wind and the moon, but not about it." "To make things happen again, to fetter the drifting River, to experience the history of stars, to recall the talk of traveling in the wind and moon, to call the wind and moon hall poetry, to return to the descendants of Yi." He has 10 volumes of "old news of qu'an" and a collection of books. There are two volumes of fengyuetang Shihua, including baoyantang secret collection and yijingtang collection of seven books. Xu Ying Shuo was written in his later years. It is also a Book of miscellaneous notes. Today, there are only five articles in Shuo Ying, which is not a complete book.

Historical records of Song Dynasty

original text

Zhu Bian was born in Wuyuan, Huizhou. Shao Yingwu, thousands of words on reading day. Chao Shuozhi saw his poems and was very surprised. He was with GUI Xinzheng and his wife was brother and daughter. Xinzheng jiebian, luojian, many family customs, bianyou among them, heard widely. In the chaos of Jingkang, the family was broken by thieves, and they returned to the south. At the beginning of Jianyan's reign, it was suggested that envoys should be sent to the two palaces of Wen'an. To the clouds, see sticky rare, invited to say very much. Sticky Han did not listen, the embassy, to guard the soldiers. The preface and reply to the book, the words of war and peace, the interests are very clear. In the second year of Shaoxing, the Jin people suddenly sent Yu Wenxu to come, saying that peace could be reached, and that one person should be sent to the Marshal's office to receive the book. Wang Lun made a decision to stay. He said, "if I come here, I will die. Should I wish to return first. May the book be sent back to the son of heaven and become the best of the two countries, and the flea be raised by the four seas in the two palaces, so that though I am a violent foreign country, I will still be alive. " Lun will return, Bian please say: "ancient envoys have a festival as a letter, today there is no Festival seal, seal also believe.". I'd like to leave the seal so that I can hold the Bian to death and die without corruption. " Lun solution to teach Bian, Bian and Huai, lying up with all. The Jin people forced Liu Yu to become an official, and he said, "this is gradually returning to the south." Bian said: "Yu Ru national thief, I hate not to eat its meat, but also endure the northern minister, I have dead ears." The Jin people are angry, so they have to be trapped. Bian Gu refused to go to the post gate. He was hungry and swore not to surrender. The people of Jin Dynasty were also moved, and the ceremony was the same as before. After a long time, he wanted to change his official position. Bian said, "since ancient times, when soldiers were in diplomatic relations, they could follow them. If they could not, they would be imprisoned or killed. Why change their official position? My official was born in the dynasty, but he died. He swore that it would not be easy to humiliate my monarch. " He also wrote to Yelu Shaowen and others, saying: "the power of the upper kingdom will make people die in the evening, and in the evening, people will die in the morning." Then he told Hong Hao, "it's not a trivial matter to kill a pedestrian. It's my Cao's fate. I want to give up my life and give up my righteousness." He had wine and food, and called the plundered soldiers to drink. He said, "I have got a temple in the suburb. Once I serve my country, I will bury my place. The title of it says," there is the tomb of Zhu Gong, the vice envoy of song Tong Wen. " We all cry, but we can't look up. Bian said with a smile: "how sad are you when you are a minister?" The people of Jin Dynasty knew that they could not be subdued in the end, so they were no longer strong. When Wang Lun returned to the dynasty, he said that he was faithful and unyielding. The emperor was an official of his family, and gave his family silver and silk. Huinianhan and others died one after another. Bianmishu said: "this is the time when we can't lose it." Send Li Fa and others to return. After that, Lun Fu returned and presented the text of Huizong's great trip as a tribute. His words were as follows: "sigh that the horse horn has not been born, and the soul will disappear from the snow cellar; climb the dragon's beard without catching it, and shed tears on the ice." The emperor read the feeling of weeping, the official five of his relatives, give Wu Xingtian five hectares. The emperor called the prime minister Zhang Jun and said, "when you return to Japan, you should place it in the forbidden forest." In the eighth year of the reign of the emperor, Wu Ling, the envoy of the Jin Dynasty, thought of the plan and Shi qingchong, which was called Bianzhong Festival. He ordered thirty taels of gold as gifts. In the 13th year of the Qing Dynasty, a peace agreement was reached and Bian was returned. When he came to the biandian temple, he said, "when people are rare, they can't make the best use of the time; when things can't be lost, they can't be hidden. It's hard to meet because you have nothing to do with yourself; it's hard to see because you have nothing to do with yourself. His majesty made peace with the people of Jin Dynasty. He went back to Zi palace to welcome his mother, and then pity his innocent son. However, it may be difficult to be stubborn if the time goes by, or it may be difficult to be stubborn if there are some changes. The alliance can be defended, but the heart of deceit should wait for it; the army can rest, and the skill of eliminating it should be explained in detail. In Jin Dynasty, militarism was the most important virtue, peace was the most important virtue, cruelty was the most important virtue, and wide territory was the most important virtue. If it's time and time, your majesty will know the beginning and hope to end it. " The emperor accepted his words and bestowed a lot of gold and silk. Besides, he also presented the calligraphy and painting of the Six Dynasties Royal Rong and Xuanhe Royal. Qin Hui hated his words about the enemy's situation and played the first supplement to the official Yi xuanjiaolang and Zhimi Pavilion. There is a division school, its examination 17 years, should move several officials. Hui Ju, only to fengyilang. Fourteen years later, he died. The preface is written by Lu Xuangong, who is a scholar of literature, and who is a scholar of literature. Li Yishan, a poetic scholar, is graceful and graceful, and does not follow his dangerous, strange and astringent disadvantages. In the state of Jin, the king sent more children to school, because of the communication of words. In addition, it describes the death stories of loyal officials and righteous scholars in the north, such as Zhu Zhao, Shi Kang, Zhang Zhongfu, Gao Jingping, Sun Yi, sun Gu, Fu Weiwen, Li Zhou, Wutai Seng Baozhen, women Ding, Yan, Xiaoxiao Yan Jin and Zhu Ji. Please add your praise to persuade the visitors. There are 42 volumes of "pin you Ji", 10 volumes of "Shu Jie", 3 volumes of "Qu Ji Jiu Wen", 1 volume of "Xu Ji Shuo", 1 volume of "Za Shu", 3 volumes of "Feng Yue Tang Shi Hua", 1 volume of "Xin Zheng Jiu Shi" and 1 volume of "Nan GUI Shi Wen".

translation

(Zhu Bian) So it is no longer strong.) Zhu Bian, whose name is Shaozhang, was born in Wuyuan, Huizhou. He was very smart when he was young. He read thousands of words every day. When he became an adult, he entered Taixue. Chao Shuozhi was surprised at his ability when he saw his poems. In the chaos of Jingkang, his family was broken by thieves, and Zhu Bian fled to the south of the Yangtze River. In the early years of Jianyan, the imperial court discussed sending envoys to greet the emperors of the two palaces, and Zhu Bian offered himself. reach

Chinese PinYin : Zhu Bian