LV Bicheng

LV Bicheng

Lu Bicheng (1883-january 24, 1943) was a Lan Qing, a hermit named Mingyin and Baolian. One of the pioneers of the feminist movement, the pioneer of women's education in China, the first animal protectionist in China, the first woman in the history of Chinese journalism, the first female writer in China, and the female genius of the Republic of China who set a precedent for women in charge of school administration in the history of modern education.

She was praised as "the last female poet in nearly 300 years", and Qiu Jin as "women's double heroes", poet, political commentator, social activist and capitalist. In the first ten or twenty years of the 20th century, there was a great scene in the literary world, women's circle and even the whole society of China, that is, "the red curtain alone embraces people for admiration, and the city of Lu Bi is promoted everywhere.".

Life of the characters

Youth

Lu Bicheng, a Lan Qing (formerly known as Lu Xianxi), was a hermit, named Mingyin, and later changed to Shengyin. In his later years, he was named Baolian hermit. He was born in 1883 in Jingde, Anhui Province. Lu Bicheng suffered a lot when he was young: he lost his parents, his family property was robbed, his husband's family withdrew from marriage, he placed himself under the fence, and his mother and sister took poison. LV Bicheng was 9 years old and married to the Wang family in Tongyi. She was engaged at 10 years old. In 1895, when LV Bicheng was 12 years old (I say 13 years old), LV Fengqi, the Jinshi of Guangxu, Lv's father, died. Lv's mother returned from the capital to deal with her ancestral property. Because there were four daughters in the LV family, and there was no man in her family, the clansmen seized the property of the LV family and instigated the bandits to hijack her mother. When LV Bicheng heard the news in the capital, she told her father's friends and students for help. After several twists and turns, the matter was finally solved. However, the Wang family, who had an engagement with LV Bicheng, became wary of this. They thought that LV Bicheng, a young man, could call the wind and the rain, so they asked for a divorce. The only daughter and widowed mother of the LV family refused to argue and agreed. The two sides agreed to terminate the engagement. However, at that time, it was a great shame for a woman to be divorced, which had a certain impact on her attitude towards marriage in the future. After her marriage was broken, she had to go away with her mother. Lu Bicheng's mother took her four underage daughters to Yan Fengsheng, her uncle, who was a salt envoy in Tanggu. Since the opening of Tianjin port in 1860 and the establishment of nine countries' concession, the western education mode with natural science and practical technology as the core was introduced into Tianjin imperceptibly; after the Boxer Movement in 1900, the Qing government carried out the new policy, put forward the idea that "education is a top priority", and ordered all provinces to hold new schools vigorously. With the input of Western democratic ideas, Chinese women began to wake up, "advocating women's rights and promoting women's education", striving for equal rights between men and women and women's right to education, which was the trend of women's liberation movement at that time. In 1903, Yuan Shikai, governor of Zhili, recruited Fu Zengxiang, an early educator in Tianjin, to set up Tianjin Women's school. Young LV Bicheng was deeply influenced by this trend at that time, so he had the idea of going to women's school. During this period, another unfortunate event happened to the LV family. After LV Bicheng, her eldest sister and second sister left home, only her mother Yan and her youngest sister LV Kunxiu were left. Some relatives were dissatisfied with their eating in their mother's home. In 1902, they abetted the bandits to hijack them. In order to avoid being humiliated, the mother and daughter had to take poison. At the request of her elder sister LV Huiru, fan Zengxiang, then Jiangning's political envoy, flew to neighboring provinces in the starry night and sent troops across the river to rescue them. Fortunately, the rescuers arrived in time to save the mother and daughter. This left a deep scar on LV Bicheng's soul. In 1903, Lu Bicheng wanted to visit the women's school in Tianjin city. He was severely scolded by his conservative uncle, saying that she didn't abide by her duty and asked her to abide by women's principles. In a rage, Lu Bicheng made up his mind not to be complacent and indulge in life. The next day, he escaped from his home and went to Tianjin alone. Not only did they have no travel expenses, but they didn't even have time to pack up. A rich woman went out alone, which was a shocking move at that time. This departure is the beginning of LV Bicheng's literary career and her contacts with celebrities from all walks of life.

Advocating women's rights

Lu Bicheng, a penniless and unaccompanied man, was lucky enough to meet the lady of fozhaolou, a kind-hearted man, on the train to Tianjin, and took her home to settle down. When she learned that the wife of her uncle's Chinese secretary lived in Ta Kung Pao, she wrote a long letter to Mrs. Fang for help. This letter happened to be seen by Yinglian, general manager of Ta Kung Pao. One of Yinglian read it and praised LV Bicheng for her literary talent. Not only that, Ying Lianzhi paid a visit in person to find out why, and appreciated Lv's courage and insight. He invited Lv to live in the newspaper office and was employed as the first woman in Ta Kung Pao. Only a few months after he arrived at Ta Kung Pao, Lu Bicheng repeatedly published his poems in the newspapers, which were highly praised by the predecessors in the field of poetry. In these articles, Lu Bicheng pointed out that "the people are the foundation of the country; the women are the foundation of the family.". Ordinary people marry a woman to become a family, that is, to build up a family to become a country. "There are virtuous daughters and then virtuous mothers, and then virtuous sons. The ancient leader, Ru Junyan, was given maternal education." children's education must be based on maternal education. "China has won the autocratic government of Qin Dynasty and practiced the skill of fooling the people in Guizhou Province, but using the people as its slaves, who knows that it has led to a depressed country and is under the pressure of other races When the state affairs are in danger, there is no guarantee of survival But if we take women as the tools for them to play with, we can see that their family can not be revitalized. A husband is to the people and a man is to his daughter, just like a pair of lips. If a king is stupid enough to weaken his people, he will weaken his country. If a man's foolishness weakens his daughter, he will weaken his family. At the same time, Lu Bicheng also pointed out that it is a misunderstanding that the people who uphold the old rites and laws regard the idea of promoting women's studies, advocating women's rights, and breaking the husband's platform as a monster. "They don't know that the rise of women's rights and the end result of patriotism are not released within the scope of rites and laws, and they really want to release their prisoners and slaves; they don't want their power to surpass Men, they really want to make equality and freedom, and they can follow the path of civilization and enlightenment with men; Learn useful things together, and be resolute A perfect person makes a perfect family, and a perfect family makes a perfect country. To advocate women's education is to make women under the shackles of the old ethics become new women who are "complete citizens for the country" and "complete individuals for the family" through the baptism of new culture and new civilization, and finally "make four hundred trillion people into a large group to compete with the great powers". Lu Bicheng's views have aroused great social repercussions and become a hot topic in the streets. Her forthright and frank temperament and the spirit of straight sword in her poems are deeply admired by people, especially new women. For a time, there was a grand occasion of "the red curtain alone embraces people for admiration, and everywhere salt pushes lvbicheng". From then on, LV Bicheng became famous in the literary world and embarked on the road of independent life. From 1904 to 1908, with the help of Ta Kung Pao, LV Bicheng actively published a large number of articles and poems for her promotion of women's rights and women's liberation. She met a large number of leaders of women's liberation movement at that time, especially Qiu Jin. In May 1904, Qiu Jin came to Tianjin from Beijing to visit LV Bicheng. The two met for less than four days. They fell in love with each other and became friends in writing. The story between the two new women has become a legend of "double swordsmen". Lu Bicheng's continuous articles advocating women's Liberation shocked Beijing and Tianjin. Yuan Kewen, Yuan Shikai's son, and Li Jingyi, Li Hongzhang's nephew, all wrote poems to cater to and praise them. For a time, the literary world of Beijing and Tianjin was full of stars. As a daughter, she made friends with men generously, sang poems, enjoyed playing piano and chess, and freely went to the social places dominated by men since ancient times, chatting and laughing, which became a strange talk in the late Qing Dynasty.

Building a women's school

In addition to actively promoting women's rights in Ta Kung Pao and being a pioneer of women's emancipation, Lu Bicheng actively organized the Beiyang women's school in practice. Lu Bicheng published a number of speeches to publicize the necessity and importance of Establishing Women's schools. She raised the promotion of women's studies to the height of the relationship between the rise and fall of the country, in order to impact the thousand year old stereotypes of "three obediences and four virtues", "women's precepts and women's training", "women's lack of talent is virtue". On the other hand, the rise of feminist movement just proves the inequality of men's and women's ideas in society. "If you want equality and freedom, you have to go along the same road of civilization and enlightenment with men, learn useful knowledge together, and be strong and resolute." Lu Bicheng believes that running women's schools, developing women's intelligence and promoting women's rights are the foundation of the country's self-improvement. In order to practice his theory, LV Bicheng actively organized the women's school, and the budding LV Bicheng was active in the intellectual class of Tianjin. He met Yan Xiu, Fu Zengxiang, Lu Muzhai, Lin Moqing and other Tianjin celebrities for support and help. Fu Zengxiang appreciated LV Bicheng's talent and wanted her to be in charge of teaching in women's school. So Ying Lianzhi took LV Bicheng to visit Yang Shixiang, Tang Shaoyi, Lin Moqing, Fang Ruo, Liang Shiyi, Lu Muzhai and other celebrities in Tianjin, and began to raise funds, select sites, and build schools. Sponsored by Tianjin Daoyin, Tang Shaoyi and other officials, Beiyang women's school was established in September 1904. On November 7, Tianjin public women's school officially opened in Hebei Er Road, Tianjin. The next day, Ta Kung Pao reported: "at two o'clock in the afternoon yesterday, the female teacher Lu Bicheng led 30 students to pay a visit to Confucius. Viewing ceremony

Chinese PinYin : Lv Bi Cheng