Chao Gongwu

Chao Gongwu

Chao Gongwu (1105-1180) was a famous bibliographer and book collector in the Southern Song Dynasty. Zi Zhi, known as "Mr. Zhao de". Juye, a native of Juye County, Heze City, Shandong Province, was the son of Chao Chong.

Profile

He was born in 1105, the fourth year of Chongning, and entered Sichuan to avoid chaos in the last year of Jingkang. He was promoted to the rank of Jinshi in 1132, the second year of Shaoxing by Emperor Gaozong of Song Dynasty, and served as the subordinate officer of Jingdu, the transport envoy of Sichuan Province from 1141 to 1147. He was fond of reading a lot of books when he was young. He was the chief financial officer of Sichuan Province at the beginning, and he was talented in handling affairs. In Shaoxing, the officials were the censor, zhigongzhou, Xingzhou and Hezhou. They moved to Sichuan to pacify the governor, xingyuanfu and Chengdu. He returned to the capital in the seventh year of Qiandao (1171) and became the official Minister of the Ministry of official affairs. There are good officials, officials tired of the Ministry of rites. There are 20 volumes of Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi, most of which are scattered and lost.

Bibliographic works

Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi is the earliest existing private bibliography with abstract content in China, which has a great influence on Bibliography of later generations. 1492 books are included in this book, which basically includes all kinds of important ancient books before Song Dynasty, especially those in Tang Dynasty and Northern Song Dynasty. So far, many of these books have been lost and incomplete, which can be seen from the summary of the bibliography in later generations. The book is divided into four parts: classics, history, Zi and Ji, and the parts are also divided into 45 sub categories. There is a general order in books, a major order in parts, and a minor order in front of most sub categories. Each book has a problem-solving function, thus forming a rigorous and complete system. Chao's summary is not only full and accurate, but also pays attention to textual research, and the content is detailed and appropriate. It introduces the author's life, the original story of the book, the academic origin, the relevant laws and regulations, anecdotes and anecdotes. It can all quote the actual records of the Tang and Song Dynasties, the history of the Song Dynasty, the records of Dengke and the catalogue of relevant historical biographies, and make detailed textual research. Many of these materials have been lost. Therefore, many of the abstracts written by Chao are of high historical value. In 1990, Shanghai Ancient Books Publishing House published the proofreading certificate of Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi, which was compiled by sun Meng. It was based on the first edition of Wang Shizhong in Qing Dynasty, combined with the yuan edition of Song Dynasty, and participated in the proofreading of more than ten rare editions and historical records of past dynasties. It is a great collection of existing editions and previous research achievements.

Book collectors

From 1141 to 1147, Shaoxing served as the subordinate official of Jingdu, the transport envoy of Sichuan Province. Jingdu is famous for his collection of books. In his later years, he gave his collection of books to Gongwu, 50 cases of them. After he became an official, he lived in Jiading prefecture (now Leshan), Sichuan Province, and died in 1180. His collection of books lasted for a hundred years from the beginning of Chao Jin. To Gongwu, he was given books by Jingdu, totaling 24500 volumes. In the 21th year of Shaoxing (1151), it was compiled into 4 volumes of "Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi" and 2 volumes of "Hou Zhi" (one is called "Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi of Mr. Zhaode"), which is the earliest private collection catalogue with abstract in China. It has a great influence on later generations. Chen Zhensun's Zhi Zhai Shu Lu Ti Jie and Ma duanlin's Wen Xue Tong Kao Jing Ji Kao are all based on this item. The whole book is divided into four parts: Jing, Shi, Zi and Ji, each of which is orderly. Under each book, the author's Jinggong, the gist of the book, or the origin of Ming School are described and verified. A total of 1937 books and 24500 volumes are described, especially for contemporary works. There are two versions of this item handed down from generation to generation. The first four volumes are engraved in Yuanzhou, which is generally called "Yuanben", and the second 20 volumes are engraved in Quzhou, which is generally called "quben".

Achievements in writing

He is the author of 60 volumes of Zhaode anthology, textual research on Shijing, Jigu Houlu, Zhongyong Dazhuan, Zhaode Tang manuscript, yiguxun Zhuan, Songgao Qiaochang, Fuzhi, liutiezhu and Laozi Tongshu. Today, there are only "Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi", most of which are scattered (four volumes of Jun Zhai Du Shu Zhi, two volumes of Hou Zhi and one volume of Kao Yi).

Chinese PinYin : Chao Gong Wu