Wenyi

Wenyi

Fayan Wenyi (885-958) was an eminent monk in the late Tang Dynasty and Five Dynasties. He was born in Yuhang, Zhejiang Province. There is no sign. He is the founder of "fayanzong". He is the author of ten rules of zongmen.

Life

Wenyi (885-958), a common surname Lu. He became a monk at the age of seven. At the age of 20, he received a commandment from Kaiyuan Temple in Shaoxing, and later went to Yuwang temple to learn the law from xijue. Wen Yitong is familiar with all the schools of Mahayana Buddhism, and is involved in Confucian classics. He hopes to regard it as Ziyou and Zixia of Buddhism. At that time, when Buddhism was flourishing in the south, Wenyi went to Changqing courtyard in Fuzhou to learn from master Huizhen. After that, Wen Yi was in the dizang yuan, and was enlightened by Zen master Guichen, who eventually became a great master.

Related events

In 935, Wenyi, at the invitation of Zhou mu, Fuzhou Prefecture, promoted Buddhism in Linzhou Chongshou Academy. In his later years, he was deeply respected by Li Min, the liezu of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He successively opened a hall in Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu Province) to receive the audience. Because there were few wars and chaos in Jinling in the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, and the people's cultural level was high, Jinling's thoughts were widely spread. Wen Yi sits in the three Taoist temples in Jinling, and the monks and the common people compete to return. On December 5, 958, the fifth year of Xiande reign of emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty, Wen Yi passed away and was 74 years old. Buried in Wuxiang pagoda of Jiangning County. His posthumous title is "dafayan Zen master". There are many disciples of Zen master Wenyi, among which 63 are heifa disciples. Among them, 14 are the most successful, including Deshao, Huiju and Wensui. The Korean monks came to learn from him, and thirty-six of them won the Dharma. Later, fayanzong spread to the Korean Peninsula and flourished. Fayan sect is deeply influenced by Huayan sect's doctrines. Based on it, it expounds the basic proposition of Zen, and puts forward that "truth is like one heart", which is the so-called "general phase" of Huayan sect. It regards "heart" (general phase) as the highest spiritual noumenon, showing the trend of "attaching equal importance to Zen education". Therefore, fayanzong in all the sects of Buddhism, especially in the same breath with Confucianism, was highly praised by Zhu Xi, the Deputy scholar of Song Dynasty.

anecdote

At some time, Wen Yi encountered heavy snow blocking his way and stopped by the underground collection yard. When warming up, the abbot of the hospital, Zen master Guichen, asked him, "where are you going?"? Wen Yi: "it's just a trade.". GUI Chen: "what is a trade"? Wen Yi: "I don't know.". GUI Chen: "I don't know the most cordial.". After the snow stopped, Wen Yi left GUI Chen. GUI Chen sent him to the door and asked, "you once said that the three realms are based on the heart and the ten thousand laws are based on the knowledge. Now please tell me whether the stone under the court is inside or outside the heart?"? Wen Yi replied: "in the heart.". GUI Chen said, "why do you put such a big stone in your heart, you expert?" Wen Yi was so embarrassed that he put down his luggage and decided to stay and ask GUI Chen for advice. Every day when he came up with new ideas, GUI Chen said, "Buddhism is not like this.". In the end, Wen Yi had to say to Gui Chen, "I've lost my reason.". GUI Chen said: "in terms of Buddhism, everything is ready-made.". After hearing this, Wen Yi suddenly realized. The phrase "everything is ready" later became an important "beginning" of the Dharma eye sect.

Historical records

Wen Yi, together with his fellow monks Hong Jin, Xiu Fu and Shao Xiu, joined in Gui Chen's meditation at the dizang Academy. He was devout and diligent in his studies, and became a disciple of GUI Chen. Under GUI Chen's enlightenment, Wen Yi became a great master. After Wen Yi got his degree in the dizang academy, he traveled with others in Linchuan (now west of Fuzhou City in Jiangxi Province). Zhou Mu invited Wen Yi to preside over the Chongshou academy and promote Buddhism in it. On the day of the opening ceremony, he was deeply convinced by the monks when he answered in the hall. As a result, it spread all over the world and came to Wen Yi for advice. There were many people, often thousands of them. In his later years, Wen Yi was deeply respected by Li Sheng, the liezu of the Southern Tang Dynasty. He successively opened the benediction temple and Qingliang temple in Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu). Because there were few wars and chaos in Jinling in the Five Dynasties and the early Song Dynasty, and the people's cultural level was high, Jinling's thoughts were widely spread. Wen Yi sits in the three Taoist temples in Jinling, and the monks and the common people compete to return. Li Shengci is called "Jinghui". When preaching Zen, master Wenyi always put eyes first. He thinks that knowledge is the first thing in all things, and the person who knows things is the eye. He once had a song "three realms of idealism", the title of which was marked as heart, but actually refers to the eye. The lyrics are: three realms of idealism, ten thousand laws of knowledge. Only knowing and only thinking, eye sound and ear color. The color can't reach the ear, the sound can't touch the eye. Eyes, ears and voices, all things can be done. If there is no way to do it, it will not be true. Earth, mountains and rivers, who is strong who changes. Therefore, later generations call it the ancestor of "fayan sect", and its Zen law system is called fayan sect.

Contribution Summary

Wen Yi is the author of the ten rules of zongmen. He advocates that "the directors should be flexible and flexible", "they should be made by heart instead of others", and advocates "applying medicine to diseases" and "tailoring according to the circumstances". Song Daoyuan's "Jingde Zhuandeng Lu" contains the quotations of Zen master dafayan Wenyi, which records many public cases and shows the doctrines of fayan sect. For example, according to fayanzong, the true understanding is that when you look at all things, you no longer use the naked eye, but through the eyes of the true. This is called Dharma eye, or Taoist eye. one time, Wen Yi asked the monks, "the blind eye is blocked by sand, but what is the blind eye blocked by?"? When the monks were speechless, he said to himself, "it's just being hindered by the eyes.". This is not to say that our naked eyes are useless. As long as they don't plug the eyes, they are very useful. once, Wen Yi and Li Jing, the central leader of the Southern Tang Dynasty, talked about Buddhism and Taoism and enjoyed peony flowers together. The middle Lord urged Wen Yi to write the first verse, and Wen Yi immediately recited: "Yong Rong vs. Fang Cong has different origins.". The hair is white today and the flowers are red last year. Yan ye with the morning dew, fragrance by the evening wind. why wait to be scattered and then know the emptiness. after listening, the middle Lord suddenly realized the purpose of Zen.

Historical evaluation

Wenyi is very erudite and proficient in traditional classics. But he is not a slave of book knowledge. He often quoted the words of the ancients, but from his mouth, they became his own things. A student asked him, "what is an ancient Buddha?" "It's good now," he replied!

Experience style that will not persist

This means that there is no gap between the fundamental Tao and you. Another monk asked him, "how to practice in the middle of the twelfth hour?"? "Step by step," he replied. Some people ask, "what is the metaphysical purpose of Buddhas"? He replied, "yes, you do.".

Chinese PinYin : Wen Yi