Xu Shu
Xu Shu
Xu Shu, a female poet of the Eastern Han Dynasty, was born in Longxi (now Tongwei, Gansu Province). Xu Shuyou's poetry collection is handed down from generation to generation. (a supplement to the history of the Han Dynasty), there is one and two answers to Qin Jiashi.
Overview of characters
Xu Shu, whose year of birth and death is unknown, is a scholar society. Longxi (now governing Tongwei of Gansu Province) is a poetess of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Her husband, Qin Jia, was a county official at the time of emperor Huan of the Han Dynasty. At the end of the year, she went to Luoyang as an envoy of the county's accounting books and was appointed huangmenlang. Later, he died in jinxiangting. Xu Shu, whose birth and death year and trade name are unknown. Longxi, Qin Jia's wife. When Qin Jia went to Luoyang, Xu Shu returned home due to illness and was unable to see each other. After Qin Jia died, brother Xu Shu forced her to remarry. She was widowed all her life. Qin Jia and Xu Shu are both good at poetry. There are six poems and two paragraphs in Qin Jiashi and one poem and three paragraphs in Xu Shu's works. Except for Xu Shu's "oath and brother", they are all about the relationship between husband and wife. Qin Jia's "three poems for a woman" is a farewell to Luo: "I feel melancholy on the road, but I'm hesitating. Floating clouds rise from high mountains, sad wind drives deep valleys. A good horse does not saddle, a light car does not turn. The second is the deep attachment and sincere exhortation: "in the morning, you should lead me to walk, and put on a belt to wait for the crowing of chickens. Looking at the empty room, Gu seemed to think about the shape of her body. Fragrance, decontamination and filth, pure piano with clear voice "(part three), infatuated chatter, sincere and lovely. Xu Shu answered the poem: "looking forward, looking forward, standing up, wandering, thinking of you, feeling the knot, dreaming, looking forward." The same devotion, infinite sincerity. The common feature of these poems is: "to talk about one's heart is like meeting with another. To understand one's heart is like saying something. It's true and moving. Zhong Rong's "poetry" included them in the middle class, thinking that "husband and wife can be hurt, and the article is also plaintive", and pointed out that Xu Shu's poetry is second only to ban Jieyu's "plaintive song", which is a rare poetess in Han Dynasty. In Qing Dynasty, Shen Deqian pointed out: "Ci is harmonious and easy, touching and deep, but it is far away from the deep wind of the Western Han Dynasty." (the source of ancient poetry) just points out that their poems, like anonymous's ancient poetry, have the characteristics of the era of literati Lyric Poetry in the late Eastern Han Dynasty.
Related events
Near bangluo Town, 80 Li to the west of Tongwei County, Gansu Province, there is a Qin Jiaping tomb. On the terrace, there is a joint burial tomb in which Qin Jia and Xu Shu, the outstanding "couple poets" of Eastern Han Dynasty in Gansu Province, sleep quietly.
According to Cihai, Qin Jia was a poet of the Eastern Han Dynasty, a scholar association, a native of Longxi (now Tongwei, Gansu Province), and a county official. There are four poems in the book of Xu Shu and his wife, the book of repaying his wife and the poem of giving a wife, and one poem about marriage. Xu Shu is a poetess of the Eastern Han Dynasty. She was born in Longxi, Gansu Province. When Emperor Huan was in power, her husband Qin Jia was an official in charge of the county. When she went to Luoyang, Xu Shu was ill and lived in her mother's home. She could not say goodbye to her face to face. Therefore, she gave each other poems to express her nostalgia. Most of her works have been lost. Today, there is only one poem and two books in reply to Qin Jia's poems. Qin Jia and Xu Shu have excellent feelings. This kind of pure feelings is reflected in the creation, that is, true feelings, sad and moving, tactful and harmonious, smooth and natural. For example, Qin Jia's "marriage" poem is written like this: "one after another marriage, happiness and disaster. Wei Nu flourished Qi, and Bao Si destroyed Zhou. I'm afraid I'm not going to be with you. If God enlightens him, he will get good results. As I wish, I'll take the day off. " Translated into modern Chinese, the main idea is: To observe the complex marriage phenomenon, it can bring happiness, but also can produce disaster. During the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, Wei Nu made Qi prosperous, while Bao Si Yi Xiao made Western Zhou perish. Therefore, people choose their spouses cautiously, for fear that they will not find people who share the same interests. But I got the God's attention, so I got Xu Shu such a beautiful bride. She really made me very satisfied, thank the gods of heaven and earth to realize my wish.
Qin Jia's and Xu Shu's poems are praised by Chinese poetry theorists and anthologies, and respected by readers. Today, their joint tombs and inscriptions have become one of the famous monuments in Tongwei county. People miss the couple and admire their contributions to the development of ancient Chinese literature. They also admire their unswerving love.
Life of the characters
Qin Jia and Xu Shu were poets of the Eastern Han Dynasty. Qin Jia, the year of birth and death is unknown. The Chinese Scholars Association. Longxi (now Gansu) people. When Emperor Huan was a county official, he was an envoy to Luoyang at the end of his life and was appointed huangmenlang. Later, he died in jinxiangting. Xu Shu, whose birth and death year and trade name are unknown. Longxi, Qin Jia's wife. When Qin Jia went to Luoyang, Xu Shu returned home due to illness and was unable to see each other. After Qin Jia died, brother Xu Shu forced her to remarry. She was widowed all her life. Qin Jia and Xu Shu are both good at poetry. There are six poems and two paragraphs in Qin Jiashi and one poem and three paragraphs in Xu Shu's works. Except for Xu Shu's "oath and brother", they are all about the relationship between husband and wife. Qin Jia's "three poems for women" is a farewell to Luo: "I feel melancholy on the road, but I'm wandering in the middle.". Floating clouds rise from high mountains, sad wind drives deep valleys. A good horse does not saddle, a light car does not turn. The second is the deep attachment and sincere exhortation: "in the morning, you should lead me to walk, and put on a belt to wait for the crowing of chickens. Looking at the empty room, Gu seemed to think about the shape of her body. Fragrance, decontamination and filth, pure piano with clear voice "(part three), infatuated chatter, sincere and lovely. Xu Shu answered the poem: "looking forward, looking forward, standing up, wandering, thinking of you, feeling the knot, dreaming, looking forward." The same devotion, infinite sincerity. The common feature of these poems is: "to talk about one's feelings is like meeting one another, to understand one's feelings is like words, to be true and moving. Zhong Rong put them in the middle class of poetry, thinking that "husband and wife can be hurt, and the article is also sad", and that Xu Shu's poetry is second only to ban Jieyu's "complaint song", which is a rare poetess in Han Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, Shen Deqian said, "Ci is harmonious and easy. It's moving and deep, but it's far away from the deep wind of the Western Han Dynasty." (the source of ancient poetry) just points out that their poetry has the same characteristics of the late Eastern Han Dynasty as anonymous's ancient poetry.
Historical data
Qin Jia was a native of Longxi County in the Eastern Han Dynasty. At that time, he was in charge of the county. When Xu Shusheng was ill and returned to his mother's home for cultivation, he received orders from his superiors to go to Luoyang on business. From his poem to his wife, he wants to see his wife before he leaves. "Send a chariot to welcome the son, and return to the air." He sent a car to pick up his wife, but he didn't. It's just not clear whether he sent a private car or a public car for private use. No matter how small a business is, it is a big thing. No matter how small a private matter is, it is mostly a small matter. I dare not be careless about the major right and wrong. He left a letter to his wife, which is the book of repaying his wife. As follows: the car is still empty, very disappointed, and far from hate hate, Gu you disappointed! When you get this mirror, it's both bright and good. It's very rare in the world, and it's meaningful to love each other. And to a pair of Baochai, worth thousands of gold; Dragon and Tiger Group shoes, good incense four kinds, each one Jin; Su Qin one, often play by themselves. The mirror can tell the shape, the Baochai can shine the head, the fragrance can make the body clean, the musk can ward off evil Qi, and the Suqin can entertain the ears. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, Longxi County was not governed by today's Longxi County, but by Lintao. Lintao to Lanzhou more than 100 Li, Lanzhou to Xi'an more than 1000 Li, take the Weishui River Valley this road, difficult to go! Between Baoji and Tianshui, there are high mountains. More than half of this section of railway is a tunnel. It's more than 1000 Li from Xi'an to Luoyang. It was after Sui and Tang Dynasties that the road was opened between the eastern capital and the western capital.
Xu Shu received a letter from Qin Jia and replied to it, that is, a letter to Qin Jia. As follows: both Huiyin order, and give all things, thick care, out of hope! The mirror has the beauty of literary color, and the hairpin has different views. The fragrance is precious, and the piano is also good. It's not a generous favor to give something to the humble. Who is kenrose? When you look at the mirror and hold the hairpin, you feel like it; when you sing poems on the piano, you feel like a knot. It's too much to say, but it doesn't win my heart. In the past, the poet had the feeling of "flying" and ban Jieyu sighed "who is proud". The works of Suqin should be returned to you; the mirror should be returned to you. If there is no light, there will be no Baochai; if there is no curtain, there will be no fragrance.
I don't know if Xu Shu misunderstood Qin Jia's meaning, or she knew her husband's heart too well. She said, when you are not at home, I will not make up to look in the mirror, and I will not play the piano to burn incense. If you are not at home, who can I show you.
After Qin Jia arrived in Luoyang, he was left behind and became a Huang men Lang. Before long, he died in Ren and was still very young. The dead are long, but the living are not. Xu Shu, who stayed in her hometown, was devastated. But the trouble is not here. She was determined to be loyal to her love vows, and brought the weak children to adulthood. But her brother forced her to remarry. In order to fight, she said, "she will not marry and mourn for her life.". (stone characters) she also wrote a letter for oath and brothers, which is righteous and solemn. She has the spirit that the three armed forces can win the commander, and every man (woman) can't win the ambition. But soon, Xu Shu died of grief.
The correspondence between Qin Jia and Xu Shu can be found in the collection of Arts and culture, Xu Shu's letter to his brother can be found in the Taiping imperial tour, and the couple's poems and essays, Yan Kejun's complete ancient three dynasties, Qin, Han, Three Kingdoms and Six Dynasties, and Fu Qinli's poems of pre Qin, Han, Wei, Jin, Nan and Northern Dynasties, are all compiled. Qin Jia and Xu Shucheng are examples of loving couples through the ages. In poetry, drama and folk language, it is necessary to tell stories about them. It's about the Qing Dynasty. In a beautiful poem, there is a sentence like this: "Keren's husband is Qin Jia, and the wind pities him, and the moon pities him."
Offspring evaluation
When it comes to Xu Shu's achievements in poetry, we should talk about them together with her husband Qin Jia. Both husband and wife can write poems, including six poems of Qin Jiashi and two paragraphs of Wen; one poem of Xu Shu and three paragraphs of Wen; except for Xu Shu's "oath and brother", both of them are for husband and wife
Chinese PinYin : Xu Shu
Xu Shu
