He Zhendai

He Zhendai

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He Zhendai (1867-1952) was named Meisheng, Xinyu, Juelu and Yueming. In his later years, he was named meisuo and was born in Houguan county (now Fuzhou City, Fujian Province). He studied under the famous Confucianist Xie zhangdun. In the 23rd year of Guangxu period, he was employed by Jiangxi governor Shen Yuqing as a copywriter of the vassal office. After the revolution of 1911, he wrote Xihu Zhi and Fujian Tongzhi in Fuzhou. He Zhendai is good at painting and playing Qin. His calligraphy combines steles with calligraphy. His poems are also of high achievement. He is unique among the Fujian school for his deep, shallow and elegant poetic aesthetics, and he is the leader of the "Tongguang style" Fujian school.

Life of the characters

Mu Liao's career

His father was a scholar, and he once served as an aide of the county government. He Zhendai was intelligent and studious when he was young. Because he was poor, his father asked him to be an apprentice in the shop many times. He Zhendai resolutely refused, and his mother did not approve. He volunteered to work as a female worker to earn some change for her children to go to school. in the 23rd year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty (1897), he was the fourth person to raise a person. In the three examinations, all the candidates failed. After the abolishment of the imperial examination, he was employed by Shen Yuqing (the son of Shen Baozhen) as the Secretary of the vassal office. In their spare time, Shen and he often wrote poems and sang in harmony. After Shen left, he Zhendai went to Ke Hongnian's home in Shanghai to teach his children. Soon, I met Chen Yan, a fellow townsman and Tongguang poet.

Compilation of Local Records

After the revolution of 1911, he returned to Fuzhou with Chen Yan. Zhendai was employed as the deputy of Liu Hongshou, the salt transportation envoy of Fujian Province. He lived in Guanglu square opposite to Chen Yan. They had a close relationship. Chen Yan highly praised Zhendai and praised him as a well-known poet in the world. He selected a large number of poems from modern poetry. He believes that "the language of Jun's poetry can be created by itself, and come out naturally without any difficulty.". It is also recognized that he Zhendai is the leader of fujian School of Tongguang school in the history of modern poetry. In 1915, Xu Shiying, the governor of Fujian Province, built the West Lake into a park as a place for public entertainment, and allocated the remaining funds of the salt administration for the construction cost. At that time, Lin Bingzhang, the director of water conservancy (the descendant of Lin Zexu), proposed to revise the Xihu annals because the contents of Xihu annals compiled by Yao Xunyi, the magistrate of Qianlong reign of Qing Dynasty, were simple and "not long enough". With Xu Shiying's consent, he Zhendai was hired to compile the annals. After he Zhendai, known as "Fuzhou Tong", accepted the task, he Fen compiled Lin Shishang and others quickly took action, collected old books, made field investigation, and finished the book in only nine months. The book is divided into 14 sections and 24 volumes, with more than 400000 words, three-quarters more than Yao Xunyi's Xihu Zhi. It is the most important local culture in Fuzhou. He Zhendai's records of the West Lake describes the mountains, waters, canals, lakes, garden pavilions and ancestral temples in a focused and orderly way; the whole landscape of the West Lake and the main buildings such as wanzaitong and Ligang ancestral temple are illustrated with drawings. The original eight scenes of the West Lake, as well as the eight scenes added later, are introduced and illustrated one by one. There are 23 illustrations, which can be regarded as a masterpiece with both pictures and texts. The local chronicle circle compares Fuzhou's West Lake chronicle with Tian Rucheng's Hangzhou West Lake sightseeing chronicle in Ming Dynasty. This is a great contribution of he Zhendai to local philology. In 1916, Li Houji, governor and governor of Fujian Province, decided to revise the general annals of Fujian Province, employing Shen Yuqing as the president and Chen Yan as the editor in chief. He Zhendai was invited to compile "Yiwen" and "liezhuan" of "Fujian Tongzhi". After eight years, it was completed in 1934. At the invitation of his old friend Ke Hongnian, he Zhendai went to Beijing to teach and study in the Ke family.

Refusing to employ Japanese employees

In 1936, when Japan invaded Beijing and the situation was tense, he Zhendai returned to Fuzhou. Since then, he has never left his hometown for more than ten years. He always entertains himself with poems. When the plane attacked Fuzhou, he stayed away from the Wu family in Qiyuan, Cangshan. He had many contacts with Xiadu people, Cai Renqi and Lin Chunhan. Teng Shan Zhi compiled by Cai Renqi was polished and finalized by him. During the Anti Japanese War, Fuzhou was occupied twice. He Zhendai had no income and was seriously ill, so his life was very difficult. He was appointed as a consultant by the Japanese army, but he was severely rejected. Zhendai and Zheng Xiaoxu had always been friends, especially in Zheng Xiaoxu's poetry. But since Zheng Xiaoxu took part in the puppet Manchukuo, Zhendai vowed not to communicate with each other, and burned all his letters and poems in the future. After the victory of the Anti Japanese War, the national government ordered all provinces and cities in the country to give commendations and awards to celebrities who did not want to rebel during the Anti Japanese war. The Fuzhou municipal government sent him a form and asked him to fill it in. He declined politely.

The door is full of peaches and plums

Zhendai is famous for his poems and essays, and many disciples worship him as their teacher. There are men, women, soldiers and abbots. People are proud of where they can enter. For example, during the May 4th movement, the eight talented women in Fuzhou (He Xi, the daughter of he Zhendai, was one of them), Wu Jiaqiong and Wu Shi, the revolutionary martyr, all learned from them. In the summer of 1948, the worst flood in a hundred years occurred in Rongcheng. Wenrufang was low-lying and flooded to the eaves. He Zhendai piled up two wooden basins and squatted in them for a night. The next morning, Wang Zhen, a female disciple of he Zhendai, rented a wooden boat to rescue her teacher from the flood and took her home to avoid the flood. His study couplet: "there must be no regret, but diligent learning, each has its own reasons, Mo Xianren" to self support. He died in February 1952 at the age of 86.

List of works

He Zhendai wrote many works, including 7 volumes of Juelu Shicao, 4 volumes of I Chunshi anthology, 2 volumes of Rongnan Mengying anthology, 1 volume of xinzizhai poetry anthology, 8 volumes of Shouchun society CI Chao, 24 volumes of Xihu Zhi, and other unpublished works such as Yi Xue Lu, Ming Shi Hua, CI Hua and notes.

Representative poems

Li'an Temple

A hundred streams compete to make a sound, and a pool becomes clear privately. Lingering moss under the cliff, small pavilion for you. the sound is full of autumn, and the desire is not monk. Sitting for a long time and smelling the fragrance, why keep the name of Zen. when will the river and lake level? If you really want to keep this water, your heart root is the same as the solitary crystal.

[He Jian Xiaozuo]

the earth and the sky are suddenly connected, and a blue sky is indispensible. I'm afraid to enter the cave of gods. All the trees stand up, and all the trees stand up. Bridge line Fuhan stream, since ancient times flow cangxue. He thinks of life in the piano, but there is no sign of crane in the dark. Out of the mountain, there is a smell of moss, and the light of the lake never dies.

Chinese PinYin : He Zhen Dai