Zhang Hongyi

Zhang Hongyi

Zhang Hongyi, born in 1912, was born in Shunhe street of Taierzhuang, an ancient city. He was a hero of Anti Japanese war. He took part in the "12.9" student patriotic movement and founded the anti enemy newspaper.

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Zhang Hongyi is from Shunhe street of Taierzhuang. His grandfather, Zhang Wenwen, practised medicine in Taierzhuang area, and his medicine name was taishantang. After his grandfather died, his father, Zhang Shouren, was introduced by a friend in 1908 to work as a postal agent in Matou Town, Tancheng county (now Linyi City) because of his poor family. Born in Matou town in 1912, Zhang Hongyi studied in Huangfu primary school at the age of 7. His father, Zhang Shouren, was upright and patriotic. He took advantage of his work to read a lot of progressive books and magazines, and told his children some anti imperialist and anti feudal principles. Young Zhang Hongyi has been well nurtured, and gradually formed the habit of loving learning and thinking. At the end of 1919, when her father lost his job and the whole family had no food and clothing, Zhang Hongyi went to Zaozhuang's grandfather Jin's home with her family to settle down. Because her grandfather's family had a private school, Zhang Hongyi's studies did not stop. His father still couldn't find a job. He was very worried. He was very poor and ill, and soon died. His grandparents died one after another, and his brother was young and unemployed. All six members of the family lived on the help of his uncle. Zhang Hongyi was forced to drop out of school.

Under such difficult circumstances, Zhang Hongyi is still eager to learn. In his spare time, he often went to a small church school in Nanma Road to listen to lectures outside the classroom. His diligent and studious spirit moved the kind-hearted teacher Zhang, so he let him study in his own class and bear the cost of his study. Two years later, his brother Zhang Hongxiang found a job in a hospital, but his income was meager. In the summer of 1931, his family supported him to transfer to the senior primary school founded by Zaozhuang Zhongxing company. Two years later, Zhang Hongyi was admitted to the vocational middle school founded by the company and studied in the engineering class. Zhang Hongyi did not live up to the family's training and expectations for him. From the day of enrollment, she worked hard and made progress. His academic achievements in various subjects have always been at the top of the class. When he took his report card home after the final examination, he brought a little joy to the miserable family.

Character experience

In the engineering class of Zaozhuang vocational middle school, Zhang Hongyi not only has excellent academic performance, but also treats people kindly, handles affairs steadily and skillfully. Everyone respects him very much.

In December 1935, the "12.9" student Patriotic Movement broke out in Beijing. With enthusiasm, Zhang Hongyi joined the students' Patriotic Movement in Zaozhuang to publicize the Anti Japanese War and oppose surrender and betrayal. Because of his prestige among students, he soon became the organizer and leader of young students. At the same time, he gradually contacted with the underground Party organizations in Zaozhuang in these activities. He always does his best to accomplish the tasks assigned by the party organization, and is often praised and encouraged by the party organization. In addition, inspired and guided by the party organization, he read progressive books and periodicals such as tieliu, mother, Guangming and world knowledge, understood many revolutionary principles and the great historical tasks of the Communist Party of China, and was determined to fight for the revolution to the end. Under the care and training of the party organization, he grew up rapidly. In August 1936, introduced by Li Weidong, Secretary of the Central Department of Zaozhuang, he joined the Communist Party of China and became the first party member of Zaozhuang vocational middle school.

Zhang Hongyi is responsible for propaganda within the party. Because of the need of the struggle, he studied Marxism unremittingly and made a lot of social investigations. He realized the great significance of the revolution and the responsibility he shouldered. He wrote in his diary: "only after he accepted Marxism did he understand the meaning of human life. From the day of joining the party, he handed himself over to the party and the people. For the sake of the cause of the party and the emancipation of the laboring masses, he is willing to sacrifice everything for himself. "

Zhang Hongyi witnessed the cruel exploitation of the workers by the capitalists in Zaozhuang Coal Mine and the miserable life of the workers. He was very concerned about the sufferings of the workers, took the initiative to make friends with them, and told them the truth of the revolution in order to arouse their class consciousness. The workers regard him as a close friend and are always willing to talk to him if they have any problems. He took root in the ranks of workers.

In order to expand the party's influence and develop the party's organization, Zhang Hongyi organized a Xingzhong reading club in the school, which organized progressive students to read progressive books and magazines, study social problems, participate in revolutionary activities, put up slogans, spread leaflets and hold Street gatherings, which had a great influence on the masses. After the July 7th incident, Zhang Hongyi, together with several students, founded the anti enemy newspaper, which organized fund-raising to support the Anti Japanese struggle on the front line.

In 1938, the Japanese army invaded the South on a large scale, the Kuomintang army retreated again and again, and a large area of territory was occupied one after another. In March of that year, Zaozhuang area was occupied by Japanese army. At a critical moment in the life and death of the Chinese nation, the Communist Party of China called on the people of the whole country to fight against Japan. In May, responding to the party's call, Zhang Hongyi organized more than 90 progressive students to go to the front line of Anti Japanese War and joined the Lunan people's Anti Japanese volunteer corps led by the Communist Party of China. He served as the instructor of the squadron of the first brigade. In October, the first brigade of the Anti Japanese volunteer corps was officially reorganized into the Sulu detachment of the 115th division. He served as the instructor of the Third Battalion. The third battalion is the main force of the Sulu detachment. It is a well disciplined and effective force. Liu Jingzhen, commander of the battalion, is strong and upright, brave in fighting and fierce in work. However, he is short tempered and simple in handling affairs. He only pays attention to military affairs, despises political work and even looks down on political cadres. Zhang Hongyi patiently did Liu Jingzhen's work, repeatedly explained the importance of our army's political work with facts, and cared for Liu Jingzhen meticulously in life. The two of them are united, one civilian and one military, which makes the combat effectiveness of the three battalions continuously improve.

In March 1942, Zhang Hongyi was appointed director of the Political Department of the first military division of Lunan military region. At that time, in enemy occupied areas, enemy and puppet strongholds were scattered all over the country, blockade fortifications crisscrossed, and our guerrilla forces were extremely inconvenient. In this situation, Zhang Hongyi resolutely carried out the party's resolutions, actively carried out propaganda work, and disintegrated the enemy and puppet forces. He personally led the personnel of the "anti war alliance". At night, carrying a telephone stand-alone, he received the Japanese army's telephone line, called for the officers of the Japanese puppet army, and carried out anti war propaganda to them, which made the Japanese puppet army panic. The diehards among the traitors were resolutely suppressed. In Xiyuan village by Weishan Lake, there was a traitor named Zhang Gufen who was rampant against the Communist Party. Zhang Hongyi warned him many times, but he never changed. In order to combat its arrogance, Zhang Hongyi then arranged our armed personnel to pull out the nail. In order to win over the puppet military and political personnel to serve me, Zhang Hongyi also convinced and educated many puppet military and political personnel to establish a relationship with me, so that our guerrillas could move freely under the enemy's eyes, thus opening up a guerrilla war situation.

In November 1943, Zhang Hongyi was promoted to political commissar of Lunan independent detachment. The independent detachment has jurisdiction over the Weishanhu brigade, the railway Brigade (known as the railway guerrillas) and the peiteng County brigade, which are the first, second and third brigades respectively. Yang Guangli served as deputy political commissar of the detachment and political commissar of the second brigade. Liu Jinshan and Wang Zhisheng were the chief and deputy chief of the second brigade respectively.

By the end of this year, most of the armed forces of the railway guerrillas (i.e. the second brigade) were upgraded to the main force, and the third squadron was assigned to Wenfeng brigade, leaving only more than 20 people. Political commissar Yang Guangli was transferred. In order to strengthen the work of the railway guerrillas, the higher authorities decided to let Zhang Hongyi concurrently serve as political commissar of the railway guerrillas. At that time, the guerrillas were operating in enemy occupied areas and could not mobilize young people to join the army as they did in the base areas. To this end, Zhang Hongyi put forward the slogan of "one village, one soldier". In less than half a year, the railway guerrillas expanded to nearly 300 people. The increase of new soldiers has not only strengthened the strength of the army, but also brought some new problems. The new soldiers are forthright and upright, brave in fighting and not afraid of sacrifice, but they have loose discipline, pay attention to eating and playing, and are not good at hard and meticulous mass work. Zhang Hongyi is determined to educate the cadres and soldiers of the railway guerrillas with the fine tradition of our army, so as to make this army a new type of people's army. First of all, he started with the cadres and talked about the revolutionary tradition of our army and improved the bad style of work among all the cadres. In order to improve the quality of cadres and soldiers, Zhang Hongyi also organized everyone to learn culture and knowledge. Without textbooks, he made them by himself; without pen and paper, he asked everyone to write on the floor, the wall and the door: everyone was enthusiastic about learning, sometimes they surrounded him and asked him all kinds of questions, and he always patiently answered them one by one. "After political commissar Zhang came, our railway guerrillas became schools again," everyone said wittily By studying politics and culture, the spirit of the railway guerrillas has taken on a new look, their combat effectiveness has improved rapidly, and all the tasks assigned by their superiors have been successfully completed. For example, the fight against the traitor Feng Zigu was brave and powerful; the fight against the Confucian temple in Pei county was clean and swift and won a great victory; in addition, the fight against the teahouse, the battle against Tanghu and the battle against Daiwang Temple all won great victories. Zhang Hongyi's carefully cultivated ideological and political flowers bear the fruits of victory in military struggle.

Under the leadership of Zhang Hongyi and others, the railway guerrillas appeared and disappeared on the Jinpu trunk line and the Lin (Cheng, now Xuecheng) Zaozhuang branch line, making the enemy in a state of panic. In order to ensure the transportation, the Japanese aggressors strengthened their control over the railway and constantly went out to "clean up". In order to avoid the enemy's edge and preserve their strength, the railway guerrillas, under the instructions of their superiors, turned to the Weishan Lake area to open up bases there and harass the enemy along the railway from time to time.

In the early summer of 1945, Zhang Hongyi political commissar and Liu Jinshan captain were ordered to lead the Ministry into the mountain for short-term training and then re emerged from the mountain. First to Dateng county (today's Tengzhou City, the southeast of Yangzhuang, and then to the north building, big

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Hong Yi