Zhang Jiayin

Zhang Jiayin

Zhang Jiayin (August 12, 1526 - August 7, 1588), who avoided Emperor Yongzheng's taboo, also made Jiayin and Jiayun, with the characters of Xiaofu, Xiaofu and Xiaofu. He was originally named Lushan, a native of Gulai mountain, and a native of Tongliang County (now Tongliang District, Chongqing) of Chongqing Prefecture, Sichuan Province. Ming Dynasty minister, writer.

In the 29th year of emperor Shizong's Jiajing reign in the Ming Dynasty (1550), he became a Jinshi, an official, a minister of the Ministry of war and a crown prince. Wanli 16 years (1588) died of illness, 62 years old, pursued Shaobao. In the early years of Tianqi, he was named Xiangxian.

Zhang Jiayin's poems and essays are one of the "five sons after Jiajing" and "seven sons after Jiajing" in the literary world of the Ming Dynasty. They are also called "Sanfu" together with Yu ride and Zhang Jiuyi. He is the author of the collection of Gu Lai.

Life of the characters

Zhang Jiayin was born on July 5 (August 12, 1526) in the sixth year of Jiajing. He was smart and smart since he was a child. At the age of seven, he could recite more than 1000 words a day.

In the 22nd year of Jiajing (1543), he was a scholar in the hospital examination and ranked first, which was highly valued by Liu Hui, the then Minister of Chongqing.

In the 28th year of Jiajing (1549), he took part in the local examination.

In the 29th year of Jiajing reign (1550), Zhang Jiayin ascended the Jinshi Section and was granted the magistrate of Huaxian county (now Huaxian County, Henan Province). Gao Zhang, a robber, disguised as a Tiqi, entered the county office and coerced Zhang Jiayin into paying public money. Zhang Jiayin did not change his face. Pretending he did not know the details, he wrote Gao Zhang the withdrawal certificate. Then he summoned all the county officers and arrested the robbers immediately, which made him famous.

In 1553, Zhang Jiayin paid a visit to Li Panlong, the leader of "the last seven sons" in the literary world of the Ming Dynasty, who was the magistrate of Shunde prefecture (now Xingtai, Hebei Province), "his poems were Zhi, and he was good at the scale, and he talked about Jun Li and Li Ran, and he was interested in the scale for public welfare." They had a good time with each other, and even "opened bottles every day.". Li Panlong also wrote "climbing qingfenglou in Huaxian county" to record the pleasure of the tour. Since then, Zhang Jiayin had an indissoluble bond with the Qizi school.

In the 34th year of Jiajing's reign (1555), he paid homage to the head of the Fujian Department of the Ministry of household affairs and changed his position in the Ministry of military affairs. During this period, he met Wang Shizhen, zongchen, Wu Guolun and other members of the "later seven sons" and had a good time with them. Zhang Jiayin joined the retro League and became one of the "post seven sons".

In the 36th year of Jiajing (1557), Zhang Jiayin went to Luzhou to visit Yang Shen because of his father's death. He met Zeng Yu and Xiong Guo and enjoyed drinking with them. In the following year, he set up the poetry club "Xi she" to join the Zifang poetry club and sing with them.

Jiajing 38 years (1559), moved to the Ministry of rites doctor.

In 1560, because Yan Song's father and son suspected that he had never taken the initiative to join the family, Zhang Jiayin was demoted to Chenzhou (now Huaiyang, Henan Province) for the reason of haze investigation.

Jiajing 43 years (1564), moved to Puzhou (now Shanxi Yongji) Zhizhou, during the control of the Yellow River.

In the 44th year of Jiajing reign (1565), he was transferred to Henan Province as the governor of chasi, and was appointed as the governor of tixue in Yunnan Province.

In the second year of Longqing (1568), he served as the left counsellor of Guangxi chief secretary.

In the third year of Longqing (1569), he was transferred to Henan Province as the Deputy envoy of chasi. He was appointed as the Deputy envoy of Daming's army and was assigned to Ganzhou (now Zhangye, Gansu Province).

In 1570, he moved to Shanxi Province as an envoy.

In the winter of the fifth year of Longqing (1571), he was promoted to be the censor of the capital of Youjin and the governor of Yingtian (now Nanjing, Jiangsu).

In the first year of Wanli (1573), the Anqing mutiny was pacified in Jiujiang. He moved to hongluqing in Nanjing and transferred to guangluqing on the spot.

In the third year of Wanli (1575), he was promoted to the right deputy governor of Baoding. The next year, because of his mother's funeral home.

Wanli seven years (1579) reinstated, successively governor Baoding, Shaanxi, Xuanfu (now Xuanhua, Hebei). Xuanfu, one of the nine sides of the Ming Dynasty, was an important town to defend Mongolia from going south at that time. Zhang Jiayin designed to subdue the rebellious and looting leaders outside the Great Wall.

In the eighth year of Wanli (1580), the Great Wall was built at 16940 feet (about 10 Li), and he was promoted to the right servant of the Ministry of war.

In the spring of the 10th year of Wanli (1582), Wu Shanyan, the governor of Zhejiang Province, was ordered to reduce the monthly salary. In the Hangzhou mutiny, Zhang Jiayin, who was also the censor of youjindu, was ordered to investigate the chaos. Because he presided over the suppression of the mutiny in Zhejiang Province, he was awarded the imperial edict of emperor Shenzong of the Ming Dynasty. He was given flying fish clothes, and moved to the army to serve as the left servant and the right censor. In Zhejiang Province, when the Japanese invaders came, general Zhang Jiayin defeated them.

In the 11th year of Wanli (1583), he served as the Minister of the military department and the right deputy censor of the duchayuan. He assisted in the military administration of Jingying, and was also the governor of Ji, Liao and Baoding. Li Chengliang, the former Minister of military affairs, repeatedly broke the Tartars and inserted them into the Han's Ministry. He continued to add the titles of Prince Shaobao and Prince Taibao, and promoted his son Zhang Shuqi, a hundred families of royal guards, and vice thousand families. He immediately returned to the central court and presided over the affairs of the Ministry of war. According to the merit, mingshenzong gave a product of Gaoming.

In the 14th year of Wanli (1586), Xu shouen and Xu Yuanfu participated in the impeachment of the imperial censor. According to Wang Shizhen's epitaph of Ju Lai Zhang cemetery, Zhang Jiayin submitted his resignation because he was slandered by the middle class. In Qian Jingtang's collection of Ming Dynasty's famous letters, a letter from Zhang Jiayin to someone was received. It was said that Zhang Jiayin had offended the eunuch in the study because he helped wailang Lu Hongchun, a member of the Ministry of rites, who "admonished Wu Shang directly and served the people with the Imperial Staff". His eunuch was forced to resign and "bought tianbayue Xuantian palace to live with Jinglu and yandaoshi".

In the 16th year of Wanli (1588), Zhang Jiayin suffered from wind disease and became seriously ill. He died on June 16 (August 7) of the same year at the age of 62. Shaobao was buried in Gulai mountain (now between Longshan and Fengshan in Bachuan Town, Tongliang District, Chongqing).

In the early years of Tianqi (1621-1627), Emperor Xi of Ming Dynasty was named "Xiangxian".

Main impact

Zhang Jiayin's poems and essays, one of the "five sons after Jiajing" and "seven sons after Jiajing" in the literary world of the Ming Dynasty, are in harmony with the "seven sons after Jiajing" in the literary world of the Ming Dynasty and the literary leaders Li Panlong, Wang Shizhen, zongchen and Wu Guolun. They are deeply influenced by their ideas of restoring the ancients. They advocate the style and the method, and vigorously denounce the shortcomings of emptiness and "principle" in the literary world at that time. However, different from the other members of the "latter seven sons", he emphasizes the true feelings in literature, especially in poetry creation. In his preface to Mr. cangming's collection, he said: "poetry is based on emotion, and emotion develops into flowers, and rhymes are involved in it; literature is based on events, and events are narrated to form a core, and then it develops into an article." "Fu You Ren Lun Shi Xue" (Volume 54 of Gu Lai Ji) also says: "a certain poet holds it, and the ancients also hold it. It's just that the three hundred's cover of righteousness is innocent. His wife has seven emotions. She has a touch. She sings to the scene and sounds of nature Some scholars even think that "he took the theory of Xing Ling before gong'an San Yuan and became the initiator of this theory".

Zhang Jiayin's works are mainly poetry and prose. His prose includes all kinds of preface, travel notes, letters, line, funeral oration and so on. The most representative of his poems are seven rhythms, five rhythms and seven character ancient poems, which either describe the scenery of mountains and rivers, travel homesickness, or express the bosom of rushing to the frontier fortress, or attack the social malpractice, lament the decline of the people with lofty ideals, full of emotion, high style, generous and vigorous, and have high artistic value.

Zhang Jiayin's life was full of ups and downs. He traveled between the north and the south of the great wall and Yunnan. He made many famous achievements in the north and the south of the great river. His poems are unique in language creation and heroic in style. From Kuimen to Bashu, you can see the beauty of the Three Gorges. "Before the twelve peaks, the sun is shining again and again. Ancient caves are hidden in dangerous rocks, and springs come from broken rocks upside down. " (Wu Xia Xing). When he was sent to Fujian and Vietnam, he was able to "see the setting sun on the high platform, the river breeze, and the sea color of the lonely city." (the late view of pingyuantai, the Emperor Li Hucao of Tongji). According to the survey of Yunnan, he was even more amazed by the unique mountain and Lishui in southern Xinjiang. "The southwest sky is the capital, and the weather of the Central Plains is not different. The mountain is cut, the Hibiscus is green, the sun is on the lake, and the water is flat. After working in Shanxi and Hebei, the ruggedness of the mountains and rivers in the north also inspired his spirit. "When you look at the river from thousands of miles, the autumn is very cold. The sky wind sweeps the rocks and takes a long rainbow as a fishing rod. " (one of the four poems of climbing Taihang Mountain). His poem "Su Huang Niu Xia" is most praised

Spring to huangniu gorge, river words Baidi city. Chu cloud high does not fall, Ba water to silent.

It's a rare book, but the moon is brighter. The song is short, and the apes sing at night.

The whole poem describes the Three Gorges trip, the Chu clouds in bashui, the moon bright and the ape singing, and the blend of feelings and scenery. In particular, the combination of Chu clouds has a broad artistic conception and a lofty style, which is called "special divine realm".

Zhang Jiayin was a hero when he was young, and he was often in the military after he became an official. Therefore, his works, apart from the scenery of mountains and rivers and the homesickness of his life, mainly express his personal ambition, or criticize the disadvantages of the times by saying goodbye to others. In the short songs, he laments that he has never met a scholar, and that the hero has been reduced. For example, "Hu Wei holds the policy to accompany the spring return, and makes the hero want to cry for a long time" (Han Sheng farewell to Yu Yanjing, and I hurt him) It's hard to talk about throwing pearls when you meet people, but you can't hold your heart when you close your door. There will be a number of achievements and fame in the floating world. Since ancient times, the hero has been hiding in the butcher's Palace (the chapter of Yu in which drunken songs send Wang maoxing money), which is deep and dignified. Another example is "four poems on Mount Wushi with Chen Shuangshan and his younger brother Ji Shanshui"

Ten thousand mountains ascend the river together and come to power. Haimen looks to the East and thinks leisurely. Hold cup thunderstorm thousand peaks, immediately cloud four plug open.

The poetry of the Central Plains is a shame for Zou Mei. Looking at each other, the wings are close to the south, and the birds come to the sky.

Wushi mountain is now located in Quzhou, Zhejiang Province. This poem was written in 1582, when Zhang Jiayin, governor of Zhejiang Province, calmed down the rebellion between Ma and Liu. He said, "the deeper I am, the more I feel ashamed of myself. There is also a king in climbing mountains with sticks and clogs" (Chapter 4 of four poems on climbing Wushi mountain)

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Jia Yin