Zhang Yining

Zhang Yining

Zhang Yining (1301-1370) was a writer in the late Yuan Dynasty and early Ming Dynasty. Word Zhi Road, because home Cuiping peak, since the number Cuiping mountain, Gutian (now Ningde, Fujian) people. He is talented, erudite and has a strong memory. When he was good at fame, he was called "Xiaozhang Bachelor". During the TAIDING period, Jinshi was promoted by the spring and Autumn period. He went to the Imperial Academy to study as a bachelor. Mingmie yuan, re - taught the Bachelor of service. He served as envoy to Annan and died in Dao. Yi Ninggong's poems include Cuiping collection and the first month of the spring king. Zhang Yining advocated the restoration of the ancients in his poems, which set a precedent for Gao Xi's theory of restoration of the ancients in the Ming Dynasty.

brief account of the author's life

Zhang Yining was born on April 15, 1301, the fifth year of Dade in Yuan Dynasty. His grandfather, Zhang liusun, was appointed as a minister of Hu Guang. His father, Zhang Yiqing, was an upright official and served as a doctor in the Yuan Dynasty. He was also an official in Fujian and Jiangxi provinces. Zhang Yining was born to Zhang Yiqing's wife Chen. Chen's "both pregnant, one night dream, children hold lotus leaf to the moon and worship, feel and public birth.". Yining was gifted and talented since he was a child. He was fond of reading and reciting in his infancy. When he was a child, he played with his friends in the temple. The monks responded to each other with couplets. They were envied for their excellent answers. At the age of eight, Zhang Yining was famous at that time for his fu "Qin Tang Shi" to explain his father's prison. At the age of 15, he went to Ningde to study in Han Guyi. After five years of study, he was approved by the local scholars.

In the year of Dingmao (1327) in Yuantai, Zhang Yining was 27 years old and became a scholar in the spring and Autumn Annals. In the same year, Huang zisu and Jiang Xueting all have their own voices, especially Zhang Yining. In less than a year, the judge of Huangyan Prefecture captured Haiyu, and later he was promoted to Liuhe County of Zhenzhou prefecture to benefit the government and the people. He went to the capital because of the difficulty of Ding nei, and was hindered by the army. He taught in Huainan for ten years. Wang Dun and Shi Guangji were all disciples of the Yining family.

Zhizheng (1341-1368), Emperor Shun of the Yuan Dynasty, returned to the Imperial College as a teaching assistant, worked as an official, served as a lecturer in the Imperial Academy, served as a doctor in the Imperial College, knew how to make a patent and studied the history of the country. At the end of the Yuan Dynasty, the old Confucians such as Yu Ji, Ou Yangyuan, jieyusi, Huang Zhen and so on all had their stories. Zhang Yining was famous for his talent, erudition and strong memory, and was called "Xiaozhang Bachelor".

In September 1368, most of them fell. Zhang Yining and Wei Su marched to Nanjing. Zhu Yuanzhang ordered him to write Zhongshan Shuo, which was named zhidayue. He was awarded a bachelor's degree in the Imperial Academy. He knew how to make a patent and studied the history of the country. In the second year of Hongwu (1369), Xia Jun was ordered to seal the year of Annam. Yining was 70 years old and served as envoy to Annam. In the third year of Hongwu (1370), he died in Jiaozhou on his way home on May 4.

literature

As a poet from Yuan Dynasty to Ming Dynasty, Yining experienced the great upheaval at the end of Yuan Dynasty and came into contact with real life and people's livelihood. Quite a few of his poems reveal the darkness of reality, show concern for the people, and are full of social significance. Elegy, which he wrote on his deathbed, is a masterpiece in this respect. In terms of artistic style, his poems can be traced back to Qin and Han Dynasties, followed by Li and Du. They are characterized by more colloquial use, simplicity, fresh design and strong emotion. For example, Shen Deqian, a famous poet of the Qing Dynasty, wrote a poem "send ruanzi to return to the south of Chongfeng mountain", which said: "lingering feelings, like a horse drinking in the Great Wall grottoes." Song Lian, a great writer of the Ming Dynasty, also commented: "it's a marvelous work of a generation to be plump but not to be clumsy, steep but not to be rough, round but not to be skillful, weak but not to be broken! Although Mr. Wang died, he was as gorgeous as a star and as flowing as a river, but he did not start to die. Isn't there anyone who believes in the present and attaches himself to the latter? " When Shen Deqian and Zhou Zhun compiled the poem "Emei Pavilion", they thought that it was "too white". And "Guo Xin Jia Xuan Shinto" is desolate in mood, solemn and stirring in emotion, and can be read together with Du Fu's Thoughts on Zhuge Hou. Chen Nanbin commented: "its long Haohan is like Li, its seven character temperament is like Du, its five character selection is gentle and gentle, like Wei, and has many styles." In about 100 years after the founding of the Ming Dynasty, the Taige style poetry represented by "San Yang" which whitewash reality, eulogize merits and virtues, but also Chen Xiangyin, mediocre and boring occupied the poetic world. This unique style of poetry really brought new vitality and life to the poetic world in the early Ming Dynasty.

His works include Cuiping manuscript, Huainan manuscript, nangui travel and Annam travel. He is well versed in classics and history, and has written debates on the biography of Hu in the spring and Autumn period, textual research on the first month of the king of spring, etc.

Historical records of Ming Dynasty

Zhang Yining is a native of Gutian. His father, Yiqing, was an official in Fujian and Jiangxi provinces in Yuan Dynasty. Yi Ning was eight years old, or sued his uncle in the county prison. Yi Ning was appointed by Shen Li and Yin Yizhi of Ning Yi county to write a poem of Qin Tang. After that, his uncle was released, and Yi Ning Yong was well-known. During the TAIDING period, the Jinshi was promoted by the spring and Autumn Annals, and the judge Huang Yan entered liuheyin. He was removed from office and stayed in the Yangtze River and Huaihe River for ten years. Emperor Shun Zheng was an assistant teacher of the Imperial Academy, and he was so tired that he studied in the Imperial Academy. Yu Ji, Ou Yangyuan, jieyusi and Huang Zhen, the ancient Confucians in the dynasty, inherited the material things and became famous for their talent and erudition.

Mingshi took the capital of Yuan Dynasty, and went to Beijing with Wei Su to perform the mission of symmetry, and then re taught the Bachelor of science. When the emperor ascended Zhongshan Mountain, Ning, Zhu Sheng, Qin Yubo and other retinues embraced the green Pavilion and wrote poems for the notes. In the autumn of the second year of Hongwu, he was granted an envoy to Annan, and his Lord, Chen Rizhen, was granted the title of king. As soon as he arrived at the border and died in Japan, the Chinese begged his son to sign an imperial edict. He would rather not listen and stay on the ER River to tell his son to mourn for the imperial court and ask him to attack the marquis. After receiving the order, the ambassador Lin Tangchen will arrive and then enter the country. At the end of the event, he taught his son to mourn for three years, and made his countrymen follow China's lead. When the emperor heard of it, he gave it a seal, which was better than that of Lu Jia and Ma Yuan, and eight chapters of imperial poetry. And also, Daozu, zhaoyousi to its coffin, where the sacrifice.

He would rather be pure and clean, and not deal with property. He would return it to him as an envoy, and there would be nothing else outside his quilt. This book was originally written in the spring and Autumn Annals, so I studied it especially in the spring and Autumn Annals. I was satisfied with many of them. I wrote Hu Zhuan Bian Yi, which is the most erudite. However, before the first month of spring King Kao, I lived in Annam for more than half a year and began to die. Yuan Gu Guan Lai

Selected Poems

Emei Pavilion

Baijiu silver bottle, the only Emei Pavilion. There are no relegated immortals, but there are three green mountains.

Autumn Huaihe up, cangran full of Yunting. If you want to play fifteen strings, listen to Jiaolong.

[send Ruan Zi to return to the South]

Under the heavy peak of Jun's family, my home is Daxitou. The water in front of your house flows in front of my house.

I've been away from home for a long time, thinking about my hometown water. Not to mention the hometown people, meet six thousand miles.

Ten years in Yangzhou, five years in Beijing. I'm embarrassed to see you when I don't see my hometown.

See you love still Er, don't Jun Nai what? I can't bear to see you off. I remember your kindness and hardship.

You go back to the stream to ask about the fish in the water. If you don't have a red tail, what will you do now?

Yanling diaotai

My old friend has gone by the red dragon, and you are fishing for the moon. Lu's high reputation hangs in the universe, and Han family officials treat Gongqing.

When the sky returns to the imperial couch, the stars move, and when people go to the kongtai mountain, the water is clear. I want to grow a pole thousands of feet and sit in the East China Sea to see the tide.

[Title: miyuanya mountain and water]

The high hall rises at dawn, the mountains and rivers enter, the ancient color is bleak, and the gods gather. Looking at the deep clouds, I'm afraid the spring clothes will be wet.

River wind and rain, flowers fly, sooner or later I will return with the pole. In the picture of Jiangnan, people remember mi Yuanya.

[picture of Li Bai asking the moon]

Who said the moon hanging in the sky, Kyushu clean smoke-free. The East and the west of the sky never stop, and the frost on her temples hangs on her shoulders.

Among them are osmanthus trees ten thousand li long, Wu corundum axe sound Tian Tian. Gu rabbit pestle medicine night sleepless, tianweng as Er Lian.

I heard that in the past, the jinpao guest was the banished immortal in the middle of the month. The emperor's order and the song of Yu Yi, Hongqiao a broken heart at a loss.

In front of the bamboo king temple, the fog is like rain, and the rhododendrons bloom and sing. The moon in the sky is short of reunion, and the earth is full of dust.

Raise a glass to ask the moon does not say, the wind blows the sea, autumn boundless. Cang wave volume Jin Zunli, shadow long with the dance sleeve.

The prime minister is far away in Yunhan. Who can convey this idea? Riding a whale for thousands of years, the golden alligator is green and the light is shining.

How can floating clouds rise and fall? The moon in the sky!

[passing through Xin Jiaxuan's Shinto and hanging poems]

Long roaring autumn clouds, day overcast, Taihang tiandang gas Xiaosen.

The hero has exhausted the tears of the Central Plains, and the minister has no heart to cross the north.

At the end of the year, Yin Fu becomes immortal, and the old dragon sings at night.

The green mountains flow to the East, and the cuckoos sing in the spring evening.

Chinese PinYin : Zhang Yi Ning