Yu Jianwu

Yu Jianwu

Yu Jianwu (487-551), Zi Shen. He is a native of Nanyang Xinye (now Henan). He is a writer and calligrapher of the Liang Dynasty in southern China. There are 10 volumes of the collection of Yu Jianwu in the book of Sui, but Li He has already lamented that he can't see his posthumous writings (preface to the song of returning to Kuaiji). In Ming Dynasty, Zhang Pu compiled Yu Du Zhi Ji, which was included in Bai San Jia Ji of Han Wei and six dynasties.

Personage introduction

Yu Jianwu is cautious in his writing. Nanyang Xinye (now Henan Province) people. He lives in Jiangling. At the beginning, he was a constant servant of Jin'an Kingdom, known as "Gaozhai Bachelor" with Liu Xiaowei and Xu Fu. Xuanhui was appointed to join the army by the government, and Lang Yunhui joined the army by Li Zhonglang. He also took charge of the office, and the king was the crown prince, and he was also the Minister of the east palace. In addition to Anxi and Xiangdong, Wang Lushi joined the army, led Jingzhou dazhongzheng, moved to central Lushi to join the army, and the crown prince led even more, which was the common son. Jianwen ascended to the throne, the progress of zhishangshu, a collection of ten volumes.

He served as the prince of Wukang County, such as the son of a commoner, the Minister of state, and the governor of Jiangzhou. Gongshi is a kind of work poem, which is characterized by its refined diction and exquisite rhythm. Hu Yinglin called his poem "Fengshen Xiuxiang, Dong conform to Tang rules". Shupin is one of the most important calligraphic works. In this paper, 128 calligraphers of caoshu and Lishu are selected, who are ranked first by Zhang Zhi of the Eastern Han Dynasty. They are divided into high, medium and low grades according to their taste, and each grade is further divided into upper, middle and lower grades. The characteristic of this book is not to comment on each work, but to focus on each level of comprehensive evaluation, distinguishing the good from the bad. The following is an excerpt from Shupin:

In the early days, the title of the book originated from Luo, and the word potential originated from Cang history. Therefore, it was left to tie a knot, take various articles, like various shapes, and know all kinds of people. Wen Qi is enlarged by one painting, known by heaven, two forces to increase the earth, and the earth is inferior to judge. If the sun is the ruler, the character will be round, and if the moon is the minister's assistant, the style will be missing. If it's transferred to the borrowed stream, it'll point out the meaning of things. It's all like fan HaoDuan, and it's like a character table. At the beginning, if you play with the past, you will have a common Dynasty for thousands of years. If you cut the bamboo slips and pass them on to the present, you will have a long way to go. If you remember the good, you will cut the evil. If you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past; if you are a scholar, you must change your past. Ruo Nai's bird trace is in ancient Chinese literature, and Bi Shu is in kedou. It matches Chen Dixi, imitates Chu lacquer, signs palace doors, inscriptions on ritual vessels, and fish houses. Phoenix and bird have been divided into insects. Benevolence and righteousness start from Qilin, and the power comes from dragon and tiger. The clouds are full of colors. The immortal is still two children. The turtle is like a floating stream, the snake is like a cave, the meteor is like a candle, the dew is like a pearl, the chiying is like a car, the white flies is like a vegetable, and the uneven is like a alligator Short hanging needle, the system of restoring the feeling, mosquito feet down, Hu head up, fill the floating board, false seal, wave back falling mirror Luan, regular script Gu Diaoling magpie, and repeat with Zhuan Zhen, see the past, or can sell wine, or wonderful make ghost cry, believe tasteless treasure, is not the urgent task of time, and has recorded the previous training, now no more discussion. Although it is known for hundreds of generations that the style of Xunli originated and was written by Cheng Miao, the official of the Qin Dynasty, xiapi. The first emperor paid more attention to it. There are many things to play and it is difficult to make seal characters. Therefore, it is called Lishu, which is also true today. Caosheng originated in the Han Dynasty. He disbanded Lifa and used it for emergency. Because of the intention of Caosheng, it was called caoshu. Jian junior high school, Beijing Zhao Du Cao began to be well-known as good book, today's cursive is also. I have paid attention to this art since I was young. I am quick to thank linchi for my skill. I am determined to cut boards. However, the fan of Jishan does not mean to increase money. The platform of Lingyun does not mean to admonish the son for any reason. It may be shallow or deep.

Li originated from the beginning of Qin Dynasty, and the grass was a torrent of Qi. He crossed the seven expeditions and followed them. He would be in Zai but not Cao. He was honest and erudite. He wrote all his articles. He had the main points of the six books. He was simple and had eight styles. On the paper, there are moths of fireflies, and in the painting, it is like a crane smelling the harp. When the peaks and Rocks rise, Qiongshan mountain is ashamed of its fog, the ripples are shaking, and the blue sea is ashamed of its downwind. It is necessary to draw a thread to disperse the water. It is necessary to draw a pen, lean on the knife, and test the words. The real grass is divided into the Xingzhi, and the fire is formed in the Pearl Pendant, or horizontally or vertically, or gently

Life

Xiao Gangchu, Emperor Wen of Liang Jian, was appointed king of Jin'an, and Yu Jianwu was a constant servant of Jin'an. Xiao Gang moved to the town, and Yu Jianwu also moved with him. He served as Yunhui in the army, and he also joined the army. Xiao Gang was fond of literature and recruited scholars. Yu Jianwu, Xu and Liu Xiaowei were equally rewarded and accepted. He was also ordered to copy books. At that time, he was called Gaozhai bachelor. After succeeding to the throne, Jianwen emperor Xiao Gang took Yu Jianwu as his minister. After Hou Jing arrived in Jiankang, Jiao Zhao sent Yu Jianwu to Jiangzhou to surrender Xiao Daxin. He fled to Kuaiji, went to Jiangling, went to Xiaoyi, and became Marquis of Wukang county. The biography of Yu Jianwu in Liang Shu and southern history did not record his birth and death.

Yu Jianwu is 48 years old in the preface to the magic weapon couplet Bi written by Liang Yuandi when he was 27 years old. Yu Xin was granted Marquis of Wukang County in 553, the second year of Chengsheng. He inherited his father as Marquis, so Yu Jianwu died in this year. Xiao Yi, emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, made a epitaph.

Yu Jianwu served as a subordinate official of Xiao Gang's mansion. He was one of the most popular palace style poems at that time. Most of the existing poems and essays are the works of responding to the system, serving the peace, serving the banquet, and thanking Qi, but like "Lu Gao, the village is backward, and the forest is long and the birds are rare.". The scenery is still very vivid, such as "the stone rises between the cold clouds, the autumn leaves fly down the mountain" (you Zhuangshan) "," the spring flies, suspicions the rain, and the clouds accumulate like a tower "(looking for Zhou Chushi Hongrang). His poem "the journey after the rebellion through Wu Post Pavilion" is also full of grief and indignation about hou Jing's rebellion. Because of his emphasis on sound and rhythm, some five character poems already have the rudiment of five character poems.

Yu Jianwu is also a calligrapher. He wrote Shupin, which narrates the origin and evolution of calligraphy and comments on the characteristics of calligraphers in the past dynasties.

background

At the end of the Han Dynasty, under the system of inspection and examination, it was popular among the gentry. For example, Xu Shao and his elder brother Xu Jing "both have high reputation, and they are fond of discussing the characters of the local party together. They often change their titles every month, so the custom of Lunan has yuedan comments.". In addition, Mrs. Guo is also famous for her work on learning from others. After Cao Pi, Emperor Wen of the Wei Dynasty, implemented the system of nine grades, the atmosphere of character evaluation became more prosperous. (Wei) Liu zhe (or "Shao" or "Shao") summed up the theory and method of identifying characters, paid special attention to the material of people, and formed the theory of talent and nature. In the Song Dynasty, Liu Yiqing's Shi Shuo Xin Yu recorded many vivid examples of commenting on the characters.

At the end of the Han Dynasty, people's comments were mostly meant to predict the success or failure, focusing on the identification of talents and promotion of talents, so the focus of comments was on politics and morality. After the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there is a new trend in the character evaluation, that is, in addition to the predicative, political and moral evaluation, many aesthetic elements have been added, and the famous characters have been evaluated by means of figurative language and figurative symbolism. For example, these titles in Shishuoxinyu: "Gongsun Dumu Bingyuan said:" the so-called white crane in the clouds is beyond the reach of a sparrow's net. " "Wang rongyun said:" Taiwei is as high as Yao Lin and qiongshu "Ruan sikuang, a humanitarian of the time, said:" the backbone is not as good as the right army, the Jian Xiu is not as good as the true length, the Shao run is not as good as the ZHONGZU, the thought is not as good as the origin, and it has the beauty of all people. " (pinzao), "some people sigh that Wang Gong's form is luxuriant, and say:" it's like the willow in spring. " (Rong Zhi) the common aesthetic concepts of the characters in Shi Shuo Xin Yu are: Qing, Shen, Lang, Li, Da, ya, Tong, Jian, Zhen, Chang, Jun, Kuang, yuan, Gao, Shen, Xu, Yi and Chao, among which the most common are: Zhen, Shen and Lang. And there are many natural images used as metaphors, such as: Qianzhang pine, Panasonic wind, Yushu, Yushan, white crane in the clouds, longyueyunjin, fengmingchaoyang. The prosperity of character aesthetics plays a catalytic role in literary aesthetics. Some literary aesthetic categories come from character aesthetics, such as "strength", "backbone", "spirit", "emptiness", "clearness", "lofty", "sentiment", "talent" and so on. The division of character flow also directly affects literary criticism, as evidenced by Zhong Rong's poetry, Yu Jianwu's books and Xie He's ancient paintings.

achievement

Yu Jianwu is a litterateur of Liang Dynasty. We should be careful in writing. His native place is Nanyang Xinye (now Henan). He can write poems at the age of eight. At the beginning, he served as a constant servant of Xiao Gang, king of Jin'an, and successively served as Yunhui and jianjishi soldiers. Wang Hao literature, as the crown prince, opened the province of Wende and recruited literati. Together with ten people, such as Liu Xiaowei, Jiang boyao, Kong Jingtong, Shen ziyue, Xu Fang, Xu Fu, Wang Yu, Kong Shuo and Bao Zhi, Wang Hao literature was awarded and accepted. He was also ordered to copy many books to enrich his fruit dishes, and was named "Gaozhai Bachelor".

Xiao Gang was the Emperor (Jianwen emperor), who was appointed as the Minister of the Department of finance. Hou Jing went to Jiankang and sent his envoy to Jiangzhou to surrender Xiao Daxin. He fled to Kuaiji and went to Jiangling to join Xiao Yi. He served as the governor of Jiangzhou and led Yiyang to be the Marquis of Wukang county. The pawn presented the order of Sanqi Changshi and Zhongshu. Gongshifu. Poetry is as famous as Xu Fu. In the early days, it was mostly for serving and serving, serving banquet and Xie Qi. It was one of the founders of "palace style poetry". But some verses, such as "the road is high, the village is backward, the forest is long and the birds are rarer.". Among the cold clouds, the stone rises, and the autumn leaves fly down the mountain "(you Zhuangshan)", "the spring flies, the rain is suspected, and the clouds accumulate like a tower" (seeking Zhou Chushi Hongrang) ", etc. In the form of poetry, it emphasizes antithesis and pays attention to rhythm, which contributes to the formation of later rhythmic poetry.

In the Ming Dynasty, Hu Yinglin's shisou called it "Fengshen Xiuxiang, Dong conformed to the rules of Tang Dynasty", and Wang Fuzhi's selection of ancient poetry was regarded as "Zongyi of near style". In his later years, the style of poetry changed. For example, poems such as Wu Post pavilion after the chaos expressed his feelings for the turmoil of the times, with generous words and vigorous writing. He is also good at calligraphy. He wrote Shupin, narrated the origin and evolution of calligraphy, and commented on the characteristics of calligraphers in the past dynasties. There are ten volumes in Sui Shu Jing Ji Zhi, but Li He in Tang Dynasty has already lamented that he can't see his legacy

Chinese PinYin : Yu Jian Wu