Cui Shu

Cui Shu

Cui Shu? In 739, Cui Shu was born in Songzhou (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). He was born in Boling (now Anping, Hebei Province). He was a scholar and poet of the Tang Dynasty. He liked to make friends and was friendly with Xue Zheng. He was the cousin of Cui Dong, one of the "ten talents in Dali".

In his early years, he was a lonely and humble man. He studied magic with Taoist Xing Hepu in Zhongnan mountain. Later, he settled in Songzhou (now Shangqiu in Henan Province) and studied in Shaoshi mountain. In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Cui Shu won the first place of Jinshi (number one scholar) in the imperial examination, and wrote the poem "fire pearl of Fengshi Mingtang" in the palace examination. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty was greatly praised after seeing it. He took it as the number one scholar and gave it to the county magistrate of Hanoi county. Unfortunately, Cui Shu died the next year. After Cui Shu died, there was only one girl named "Star", who was regarded as a prophecy. Yin Li commented on his poems: "many interjections should be wonderful, and the feelings are sad. Seeing off and going up the stairs, we can all cry." There are 155 poems in the whole Tang Dynasty, including 15 poems.

Life of the characters

Cui Shu was born in Boling (now Anping, Hebei Province). His parents died early, and his family was poor. He lived alone. Therefore, he was reduced to living in Songzhou (now Shangqiu, Henan Province). Later, he lived in seclusion in shaoshishan to study. It can be said that he was prepared for the hardships of life. However, the misfortune of life not only did not crush him, but also sharpened his will to make progress. Cui Shu left his hometown at a young age, went to Shaoshi mountain (the West peak of Songyue mountain) to study, and set foot on a long journey of life. "It's hard to go alone, but it's easy for the poor to get hurt. If you hurt a guest without clothes, how can you get snow and frost?" The poem expresses the sadness and loneliness of the journey. His "ambition is sparse and refreshing, he studies hard and lives high in Shaoshi mountain". (Biography of Tang talent by Xin Wenfang in Yuan Dynasty) he made friends with eminent monks Changshan people, Shangshang people and Feng Lianshi. He was pure hearted and devoted to learning. The self-confidence "the instrument is for human use, the potential is made by nature" ("Piao Fu") will never be reduced for a long time. However, the reality that there is no way to serve his country makes him feel with great emotion: "if there is no media, he will lose his way, and if there is a way, he will take advantage of it.". (song Zhou of sending Xue to take charge) Xue Ju, who was also frustrated, felt the same. He wrote poems to encourage each other and said: "there were no waste people in Ming Dynasty, and there were no waste materials in Guangxia. If you don't care about a good job, you'd better use your own media. Why don't you meet your husband and cry for the golden platform. He is full of expectations for Naxian Mingjun.

In the 26th year of Kaiyuan (738), Cui Shu took the exam and wrote the poem "fire pearl of Fengshi Mingtang". The poem said: "the right position opens the heavy room, and the fire pearl comes out of the air. The moon is full at night, and a star is lonely at dawn. The sky is clear, the light is hard to extinguish, and the clouds are full of hope. The national treasure lies in the famous capital of the Taiping Dynasty. " The examiner attached great importance to the couplet "the moon is full at night, and the star is lonely after dawn". After seeing it, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty also greatly appreciated it. He took it as the number one scholar and granted it to Hanoi Wei.

In the 27th year of Kaiyuan (739), Cui Shu died of illness, leaving a daughter named "Xingxing".

Representative works

Cui Shu's handed down works include a volume of Cui Shu's collection, a volume 355 of quantangwen and a Volume 155 of quantangshi. This is obviously not the whole of Cui Shu's works. However, most of the 15 existing poems have been selected repeatedly by poetry anthologies since Tang Dynasty, such as Guoxiu anthologies, Heyue Yingling anthologies, Tang poetry pinhui and so on. In terms of genre, there are five five rhythms, six five character rhythms, one Wujue, one Wuyan ancient style, one Qilu and one Qijue. If Cui Shu is good at writing five characters, it should be in line with his reality, at least not far away.

The main representative works are song Zhou, a song Zhou to send Xue to rule, a Song Dynasty poem to return jiaoyashan to Taishi, a song mountain to find Feng Lianshi not to meet, ancient meaning, fire pearl of Fengshi Mingtang, Xiaofa on the way, Goushan temple, climbing water gate tower, seeing dead friend Zhang Zhenqi's poem of looking at the Yellow River, because of his feeling of happiness, seeing Zheng Ling in the rain, late sunshine at the foot of the mountain, nostalgia of Yingyang Dongxi, Tongzhu "Gongye Qimu Temple", "sudatong monk pagoda, present to the above people, and present to Chang sun ershan people", "nine days climb to look at the Sendai, present to Liu Ming Fu Rong", "reward Zhongshu Xianggong for taking a photo at Yuanqiu on the sun, together with the work of Zhongshu Houge Suzhai moving to stop" and so on.

Writing characteristics

Cui Shu got his name from his poem Fengshi Mingtang Huozhu. His poems mostly depict scenery and things, and at the same time express homesickness and friendship. The antithesis of words and sentences is neat. In his poems, "the sky is clear, the light is hard to extinguish, and the clouds live and hope for nothing." "in the years of streams and streams, the mountains and clouds change from ancient times to modern times." "when I travel and look, I feel sad when I meet things in my hometown." "the year of exile will be late, and the sad things are already in autumn.". A volume of Poetry (the first volume of Tang poetry, 155).

Evaluation of later generations

The first poet to comment on Cui Shu's poems is the Tang Dynasty poet Yin Yu (a work of Shang Yu): "in his poems, there are many interjections, which should be wonderful, and the clear meaning (he originally quoted for affection, or for sentiment) is sad; when you go to a building, you can all cry." (preface to Heyue Yingling Collection) later generations' commentators reported this theory to Xiang Wuyi. Today, it is undoubtedly the key for us to appreciate Cui's poems and know him. This theory reveals the basic characteristics of Cui Shu's works from the perspectives of theme, method and aesthetic effect. That is to say, his lyric chapters, which reflect the sadness and indignation of the literati in their nostalgia for their hometown and in their nostalgia for their talents, are the most touching and inspiring.

Xin Wenfang: poetry, words to money, mood sad, farewell, upstairs, all can tears. (Biography of talented scholars in Tang Dynasty)

member of family

Daughter

Cui Xingxing

Chinese PinYin : Cui Shu