Cui Anqian

Cui Anqian

Cui Anqian (~ 898), the word Yanzhi, Qinghe County Dongwu city (now Hebei Province Gucheng County) people. In Tang Dynasty, minister, son of Sikong Cui Cong and younger brother of Prime Minister Cui Shenyou.

In the third year of Dazhong (849), Jin Shiji set up xiaoshulang and took the post of Wannian County captain. He successively served as the Royal censor of the palace, the Minister of rites wailang and the commander of Chang'an. Tang Yizong ascended the throne, served as Jiangxi observation envoy, moved to the military department of the inspection school secretary, Zhongwu army Jiedushi. After Tang Fu Zong ascended the throne, he fought against Wang Xianzhi and Huang Chao's uprising army, moved his right servant to fire and Xichuan Jiedushi, strengthened and consolidated Xichuan's military strength, and opposed the peace and pro Nanzhao. Offend Prime Minister Lu Jie, demoted to Prince guest, branch division east capital. Huang Chao conquered Chang'an and awarded the right servant of the school inspector and the crown prince to fight against the rebellion. In the second year of Zhonghe (882), he moved to inspect Sikong and Zhangshi of Tongping, and took up the post of left behind Dongdu and zhuanhezhong Jiedushi. When Tang Zhaozong ascended the throne, he moved to tejin, Prince Shaoshi, and the Marquis of Boling county. He served as the chief inspector, Minister and envoy of Pinglu army. He was expelled by the Ministry of Wang Normal University and became Zuo pushe, Prince Shaoshi, and Duke of Qinghe County.

In the first year of Guanghua, he fled with Tang Zhaozong and died in Huazhou. He gave Kaifu Yitong three divisions and Taiwei a posthumous title of Zhenxiao.

Life of the characters

Guard Xu Zhou

Cui Anqian, born in a famous family, was a scholar in his early years. During the reign of emperor Yizong and Emperor Xiantong of Tang Dynasty, he had a prosperous official career. He served as an observation envoy, a loyal military envoy, and guarded Xuzhou. Li Kefeng, the general of the Zhongwu army, returned to Xuzhou from the border area. He passed by the state and forced the commander of his army to ask for the food and salt he owed. He stayed in the state for four days and made the whole state panic. In the autumn and July, Li Kefeng and others returned to Xuzhou, and Cui Anqian, the governor, arrested and killed them all.

To aid Songzhou

During the Qianfu reign of emperor Xizong of Tang Dynasty, Wang Xianzhi, the leader of the peasant uprising army, led the people into Henan. Cui Anqian recruited strong men to repair the city wall. He never asked the imperial court for fees. His subordinates were smart. Wang Xianzhi was afraid to enter the state of Chen and Xu. At that time, Song Wei was stationed in Caozhou and defeated by Wang Xianzhi several times. Caozhou was also surrounded. Cui Anqian sent General Zhang Zimian and 7000 soldiers to help Songzhou. The Zhongwu army was always known as Jingyong. Zhang Zimian conquered Nanyue city and defeated the uprising army. Wang Xianzhi decapitated and fled by night. Prime ministers Wang Duo and Lu Jie tried to make Zhang Zimian accept Song Wei's chastity. Another prime minister Zheng Wan suggested to the imperial court: "please command Chen Xu's 3000 troops by Song Wei." However, Song Wei was jealous of Zhang Zimian's military achievements and wanted to annex all his troops, so he plotted to kill Zhang Zimian. Zheng Wan saw through his original intention and said in the form of the imperial court: "now we give all our troops to Song Wei, which is to humiliate Zhang Zimian for his military achievements. An Qian is meritorious in fighting against thieves, but he delivers the elite troops of the imperial court to Song Wei. After that, he has to have a priority. What should he do to fight? It's hard work and no reward. What do people think of it? " The imperial court ordered that only 4000 soldiers of Zhongwu army should be handed over to Song Dynasty, and the rest should be brought back by Zhang Zimian.

Xiangzhou rescue

Wang Xianzhi led the army to capture Suizhou and captured Cui Xiuzheng, the governor of Suizhou in Tang Dynasty. Li Fu, the governor of Shannan East Road, sent his son to rescue Suizhou, and was killed by the thieves. Li Fu went up to the imperial court to ask for reinforcements. The imperial court sent General Li Changyan of zuowuwei to Suizhou with five hundred Fengxiang cavalry. Wang Xianzhi turned to attack Fuzhou and Yingzhou. Four thousand people, including general Zhang Guan of Zhongwu army, went to Xiangzhou with Xuanwu army, but fled from Shenzhou and caizhou to their original places. Emperor Fu of the Tang Dynasty issued an imperial edict to Cui Anqian, the Zhongwu Jiedu envoy, and mu Renyu, the Xuanwu Jiedu envoy, to send some soldiers, such as Zhang Guan, to go to Xiangzhou for rescue.

Be falsely accused

Soon, Gao Pian was appointed as the governor of Xichuan. Corrupt officials relied on Gao pian to make trouble. Cui Anqian killed all of them, and the middle of Sichuan was safe. However, the Prime Minister Lu brought Gao pian to make friends with him and falsely accused Cui Anqian. As a result, Cui Anqian was dismissed as a guest of the crown prince and the eastern capital was left behind. After that, Zhao Zongzheng, the envoy of Nanzhao, returned to his country. Instead of giving a direct answer to the edict of Nanzhao governor Shuang, Zhongshu wrote a letter in the name of Xichuan Jiedushi, asking Cui Anqian to reply to Nanzhao as a local official.

Absurd resignation

At first, Cui Anqian was in Xuchang. Tian Lingzi asked Cui Anqian for an official post of military envoy for Chen Jingyu, but Cui Anqian didn't promise. Chen Jingyu got the military status of zuoshence army because of Tian Lingzi. A few years later, he moved to be a general for many times. Tian Lingzi saw that the bandit forces in the vast area east of Tongguan were growing stronger and stronger, secretly preparing for his escape to Xishu in the future, so he invited Chen Jingyu and his confidants Yang Shili, Niu Xu and Luo Yuangao to take charge of Sanchuan. Tang Xizong ordered four people to fight and see. Chen Jingyu won the first prize, and he took Chen Jingyu as the governor of Xichuan to replace Cui Anqian. On August 13, 880, the imperial court appointed Cui Anqian, the former governor of Xichuan, as the guest of the crown prince, and assigned him to the east capital.

After death

After the Huangchao uprising army invaded Chang'an, Tang Fu Zong fled to Shu. He took Cui an Qian as the prince's Junior Division, Wang Duo as the capital commander, and later appointed Cui an Qian as the Deputy capital commander. After the death of Wang Jingwu, the governor of Pinglu, the imperial court took over Cui Anqian and granted him the title of imperial master and servant. However, Wang Shixue, the son of Wang Jingwu, refused Cui an's entry. Cui Anqian had to return and was appointed as imperial master. Soon afterwards, Cui Anqian died of illness and presented it to the grand master. please refer to the preface to the epitaph of Cuigong (an Qian), the third division's Taiwei, and the two thousand households in the food town of the founding Duke of Qinghe County in Shangzhu state

Character evaluation

In Zizhi Tongjian volume 253, Prime Minister Zheng Fu praised: "Cui Anqian, the envoy of Zhongwu Jiedu, has great prestige; Gu Chuxiang's Dai gaopian shangxizong play: Cui Anqian is greedy everywhere, just like Xichuan, which can be proved. The second vice minister of the Commission, Chen Ke Ping Rong. Chen Menglei's collection of ancient and modern books, Ming Lun collection, Guan Chang Dian, Jie Shi Bu: he is especially good at official affairs. Even as a general, he can read and listen to it. Fei Zhengqing's Cambridge History of Sui and Tang Dynasties in China: "Cui Anqian, the younger brother of a former prime minister, is an elite figure in society and politics just like Zheng He. In the eighth month of the lunar calendar in 876, when the bandits passed through his territory, Cui Anqian launched a powerful attack, thus showing his military talent.

Anecdotes and allusions

Wit punishes thieves

In the Tang Dynasty, Xichuan area was a place where Han and ethnic minorities lived together. The public order was chaotic and the thieves were rampant. The residents were often harassed. The previous local officials failed to cure the bandits, and the people complained. Cui Anqian, the governor of Xichuan, was surprised that he did not pursue the thieves when he took office. Cui Anqian said: "it's not because Tongrong, the official who caught the thief, has done nothing. I'm afraid that many people will be involved in the investigation now. It's futile to carry out a big search." On the fifth day of the first year, Cui Anqian appropriated 1500 yuan from the Treasury of the Jiedushi, and placed them in canshi, Yaoshi and Qibao of Chengdu respectively. He made a list in the city, saying: "if you can report and arrest a thief, you will be rewarded 500 yuan. A thief can't steal alone. He must have an accomplice. If his accomplice informs, he can be exonerated from his crime and be rewarded as ordinary people. " Soon, someone caught the thief and came to the government. The thief refused and said, "you and I have been stealing for 17 years, and the dirt is equally divided. How dare you arrest me? Even if you go to the government, you and I will be executed as well." Cui Anqian said to the thief, "since you know I have a list, why don't you arrest your accomplice and send him to the government? If you do this, he should be executed and you should be rewarded. Now that you have been denounced by him, what else can you say? " So he immediately gave money to the thief catcher, let the thief see it, and then took the thief to the market to kill him, and killed his family. So the thieves and their accomplices suspected each other. There was no shelter in Chengdu. Before dawn the next day, the thieves fled by night. There was no thief in Xichuan.

Skilful training of sergeants

Because of the cowardice and timidity of the soldiers in Sichuan, Cui Anqian went to the imperial court to invite them to come to Chenzhou and Xuzhou to recruit strong men. After training, he got 3000 soldiers and divided them into three armies. Each of them had a yellow hat. He was known as the Yellow army. On the other hand, he was begged by the imperial court to send Hongzhou bowmen to teach Shu people how to shoot balls with bows. He also selected 1000 bowmen, which is known as Shenji crossbow camp. So the Shu soldiers became more and more powerful.

Choosing officials to repent of mistakes

Cui Anqian presided over the election of officials in Luoyang, the eastern capital of China. At that time, none of the elected officials could reveal their names. One of the elected officials privately told the person who delivered the files how good he was. Cui didn't know about it. He admired the man and asked him to talk to him. He gave him a magistrate who was beyond his qualifications. Later, someone told Cui about this man's cheating in private. Cui Anqian is very sorry.

Family members

Cui Anqian was born in wushuifang, one of the six houses in Qinghe. Gaozu: Cui Rong, the founder of Zhongshu, is the Minister of the state. His posthumous title is Wen. Great grandfather: Cui Qiao, the Minister of rites, and the eastern capital left behind, as a gift to the crown prince. Grandfather: Cui Yi, a member of the Ministry of water, was the governor of waiying and Quzhou. father: Cui Cong, the inspector Zuo pushe, the censor doctor, the Huainan Festival Deputy Ambassador, knew the festival affairs, granted the Qinghe County uncle and presented it to Sikong. Brothers: Cui Yanfang, Prime Minister Cui Shenyou, Cui ZhouShu and Cui Yanchong. son: Cui Zhen, the word system, taichangqing, the Minister of the Ministry of industry of the Houliang Dynasty, and the Deputy left behind envoy of Xidu; Cui Yi, the word Ji Zhi, you pick up. Cui Jiahu; daughter: Cui, married to Fan Yang Lu; Cui, married to Jinshi Li Ying; Cui, married to censor Zheng Qian.

personal works

"Bao He Ze" 49 years ago, the same year only the old man. Today, I pay a visit to my son, and I will surely go to Longmen.

Historical records

Song Sima Guang's Zizhi Tongjian volume 255, Qing Feng Su's diankao volume, song Wang Pu's tanghuiyao Volume 80, Qing Dynasty

Chinese PinYin : Cui An Qian