Yi Chen

Aixinjueluo Yichen

Aixinjueluo Yichen (October 16, 1840 - January 1, 1891), whose name is Pu'an, is the master of Jiusi hall and the master of retreat. The seventh son of Emperor Daoguang, the half brother of emperor Xianfeng, and the father of Emperor Guangxu. His mother is Wu ya, the imperial concubine of Zhuangshun, and his great fortune is the sister of Empress Dowager Cixi. The late Qing Dynasty politician was the actual controller of the military aircraft department in the early years of Guangxu.

Daoguang thirty years (1850) as alcohol Jun Wang. After the death of emperor Xianfeng, Yi Chen and Prince Gong cooperated with Empress Dowager Cixi to launch the Xinyou coup, so Empress Dowager Cixi began to use Yi Chen. In the third year of tongzhi (1864), Yi Chen was appointed prince. In 1872, Jin became prince. When Guangxu ascended the throne, he was granted the title of Prince. In 1884, the military aircraft department led by Prince Gong Yixin was dismissed by Cixi's whole class, which was known as Jiashen Yishu in history. Yichen began to take over power in the name of commercial office. Guangxu 11 years (1885), the premier of the Navy yamen, during his term of office misappropriated naval funds to build the summer palace.

In November 1890 (January 1, 1891), Prince Yi Chen Hong, 51 years old, was born in the palace

Prince Chun Yin

. Zaifeng, the fifth son born to Yi Chen and Bian Fujin, was granted the title of Prince Chun. Puyi, the eldest son of zaifeng, was the last emperor of the Qing Dynasty.

Life of the characters

Youth

In 1840, Yichen was born in Beijing, the seventh son of Emperor Daoguang. In 1850, after emperor Xianfeng ascended the throne, he was granted the title of Emperor Daoguang

Chun Jun Wang

.

In March of the ninth year of Xianfeng (1859), the Qing court divided his residence, but emperor Xianfeng still left him to walk in the inner court.

In 1861, after the death of emperor Xianfeng, Prince Gong and Cixi conspired for a coup, and Yi Chen became the commander of the Han Army in zhenghuang banner, thus gaining actual military power. Prince Zheng Duanhua acted as the commander of the infantry, and Wang Yichen of Chun county was the commander of the infantry. First of all, when the Empress Dowager of the two palaces summoned the minister in charge of his life, she proposed that Duan Hua had too many part-time jobs. Duan Hua said that I would only be the commander of the walking army. Cixi said that she would order Yi Chen to be the commander of the walking army. As commander of the infantry, Yi Chen had the military power of the capital garrison. Soon, Yi Chen was also in charge of the camp. On September 30, the Xinyou coup was launched. Emperor Tongzhi and the empress dowagers of the two palaces announced the edict drafted by Wang Yichen in Chengde in advance, announcing the charges of Zaiyuan and executing them. After emperor Tongzhi ascended the throne, he ordered that Yi Chen's worship at the emperor's banquet should be avoided, and his name should not be written. Because he and Prince Gong helped Empress Dowager Cixi to launch the Xinyou coup, Cixi attached great importance to Yi Chen after taking power. Later, he was granted the posts of Dutong, former royal minister, leading bodyguard minister, managing Shenji camp and so on.

In 1864, Yi Chen was granted the title of Prince.

In the fourth year of tongzhi (1865), the empress dowagers of the two palaces were appointed to walk and inspect Hongde hall.

In 1872, Yi Chen was granted the title of Prince Chun. In 1873, Emperor Tongzhi was in charge of the government and dismissed him from the position of walking in Hongde hall.

Military aircraft

In the first year of Guangxu (1875), Yi Chen played the two empresses dowagers, saying: "it has been 13 years since my ministers served the emperor Tongzhi, and now the Dragon Emperor returns to heaven. When I look at his remains, it's really a split in five. All of a sudden, thanks to the Empress Dowager's decline in Yizhi, I chose zaidian as the successor emperor. The rush of time made me very confused and at a loss. When he was young, he suffered from the old liver disease, which gradually accumulated and became a serious disease. Only when I am sad to dismiss my official post, please allow me to leave a man with only a title for heaven and earth, and a son without talent and fatuity for Emperor Daoguang. " The empress dowagers of the two palaces called together the princes and ministers. Because of Yi Chen's sincere request, they dismissed him from all his duties, but still ordered him to take care of the workers of the boduoyu mausoleum. Yichen Shangshu, who was ordered to be his successor, asked to resign without permission.

In 1876, the emperor enrolled in Yuqing palace, and the Empress Dowager ordered Yi Chen to take care of him. Yi Chen got the chance to get along with his son here, which was also the result of his courtesy.

In 1879, the imperial court awarded Prince Yi Chenshi a double salary. This shows that Cifu appreciated him.

In 1884, Prince Gong Yixin was removed from the post of minister of military aircraft and replaced by Prince Li Shiduo. The Empress Dowager ordered Prince Li to negotiate with Yichen in case of important events. At that time, when France invaded Vietnam, the Qing army sent troops to help defeat the French attack, and led to the downfall of the French cabinet of juferi. It was only after the signing of the new Sino French treaty with Li Hongzhang that it stopped. Soon after, Yi Chen discussed the establishment of the Navy.

In September 1885, the Qing government began to set up a naval yamen, appointed premier Yi Chen to control the coastal Navy, assisted by Yi Zhen, the governor of Qingjun County, Li Hongzhang, Du tongshanqing and Zeng Jize. He decided to start training the Navy from Beiyang and let Li Hongzhang take charge of the matter.

In March of the 12th year of Guangxu (1886), the imperial court awarded Yi Chen and Xinghuang sedan chair in Fujin. Yi Chen Shangshu asked to resign, but he didn't approve it. Li Hongzhang managed coastal defense, built a dock in Lushun, built a fort, and collected land for the Navy. Beiyang has five warships, large and small, supplemented by mosquito boats and thunder boats. It has also purchased many warships from Britain and Germany, and has gradually become an army. In May, the Empress Dowager ordered Yi Chen to inspect the Beiyang Navy. Shanqing followed Yi Chen and Li Hongzhang to go out to sea from Dagu to Lushun. After going through Weihai and Yantai, he gathered all the warships for joint training. After that, he inspected all the fort, docks and the new naval academy, which lasted for more than ten days. After Yi Chen returned to Beijing, shangzao asked for rewards for the generals and their foreign guides. At the same time, he asked the Empress Dowager to write a plaque to hang in the sea temple in Dagu.

Empress Dowager Cixi ordered Yi Chen to return to power in the next year. Yi Chen sparsely said, "the emperor has just come into contact with political affairs, and all the kings and ministers hope that the Empress Dowager can discipline the government. Please look at the difficult situation and allow the request of the ministers until the Emperor reaches the age of being in charge. In the future, all ceremonies after the emperor's wedding will depend on the instructions of the Empress Dowager. The minister thought that all things should first ask the Empress Dowager's edict, and then go to the emperor's prelude to let him know, so that the emperor can concentrate on handling government affairs, all rely on the Empress Dowager's help, in order to avoid the complicated affairs in the palace. They are not in the palace and dare not know or say anything about it. "The Empress Dowager thinks that Yi Chen's statement is reasonable, so she will not discuss it any more.

Guangxu in charge

In the first month of the 13th year of Guangxu (1887), Guangxu was in charge. In April, the Empress Dowager issued a decree to prepare for the emperor's wedding, which should be based on the principle of thrift, and at the same time ordered Yi Chen to inspect.

In September 1888, Yichen played: "Taiping Lake is the birthplace of the emperor. Emperor Shizong promoted Qiandi to a palace, and Emperor Gaozong told his descendants to take the example of inheriting Datong from Qiandi. "The Empress Dowager listened to his advice and rewarded the mansion with 100000 liang of silver for repair.

In the first month of the 15th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1889), Emperor Guangxu's wedding ceremony was completed. He was rewarded with golden peach skin sheath, Weifu Dao and 60000 Liang silver. And the scholars who were granted the title of Yi Chen: Zai Feng was the Duke of Zhenguo, Zai Xun was the Duke of Fuguo, Zai Tao was given the top belt and peacock plume. In February, Wu Dacheng, governor of the riverway, played a recital in secret, quoting the general reference collection approved by Emperor Gaozong to the effect that "song Yingzong worshiped King Pu, Ming Shizong worshiped King Xing. At that time, the people who discussed politics wanted to change the name of the emperor's biological father to uncle or uncle. It was really inhumane. The name of the biological father should be given, and the emblem should be added. Moreover, the general officials who adopted the emperor as the descendants of others could also have their roots According to his own canon, he should be granted his own parents, not to mention the son of heaven. The parents of the son of heaven must have a canon of respect. Therefore, all the officials of the imperial court are requested to agree on the title of Prince Chun. "

In the first month of the 16th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu (1890), due to the emperor's 20th birthday, 15 more guards and 50 more blue and white soldiers were appointed as the second-class Zhenguo general.

Death in old age

In November of the 16th year of Guangxu (1890), Prince Chun suddenly fell ill. Emperor Guangxu visited him in person. He soon passed away at the age of 51. The Empress Dowager went to the memorial ceremony, and the Emperor himself. The title of emperor benshengkao was determined by Emperor Qianlong's imperial approval, and the original title was kept by Prince Chun's wish. His posthumous title is Xian, and he deserves to enjoy the imperial temple.

Guangxu eighteen years (1892), buried in Beijing Xishan Miao peak. Emperor Xuantong ascended the throne and was named emperor Bensheng.

Main achievements

Yi Chen came back after the "Jiashen Yishu" incident and became the Prime Minister of the newly established naval Yamen in 1885. With his and Li Hongzhang's efforts, as of 1888, a Beiyang Navy led by two armored warships Dingyuan and Zhenyuan was finally formed, and became the leading maritime armed force in the Far East.

Historical evaluation

The draft of the history of the Qing Dynasty: Chun Xian's relatives, Wang Zun, were born relatives of his own. They were all in the beginning and the end of the Qing Dynasty. The proposal of ruling peace and Jiajing was written in fangce, which is far from zhangmai. When the times change, the heaven cuts. It's a close relationship between the heart and the heart. I don't know that the rain is coming. I can't take it back. Heaven and man, death also suddenly, especially for the later deep lesson!

personal works

Anthology

Jiusitang poetry manuscript

Jiusitang poetry manuscript sequel

poetry

"When I was 16 years old, I was personally taught the sabre technique by the former Emperor, but now I am sent to manage the business. When I see that the technique and footwork are not as good as internal learning, I think back on that day, I was very grateful to write with emotion."

The official Army conquers Jinling poetry to express their ambition

You Hui man Shu

"Tiancheng Temple Jiangshan list Pavilion Gongyi Qianlong Renshu Saint system Title Shibi Yuanyun"

Introduction

Shishua

Reading history

"The nine inks of Longwen in the 10th year of Wanli period are used for ancient weddings"

A moonlit night

Haikou at night, looking at Haikou under the moon

Sailing songs

family

Chinese PinYin : Yi Xuan