Xia Tongshan

Xia Tongshan

Xia Tongshan (1831-1880), named Shunle and haozisong, was originally from Renhe (Hangzhou). He lost his mother when he was young. His father Xia Jianyin continued to marry the Xiao family of Wuzhen. Xia Tongshan regarded him as his mother. His father was frustrated in his official career, so he abandoned Confucianism and went into business. Xia Tongshan lived with his stepmother in his grandmother's house. Xia loved reading since he was a child, so he read all the classics collected by his grandfather. In 1855, Xia Tongshan was elected to the imperial examination. In the sixth year of Xianfeng the following year (1856), he was awarded the title of "Hanlin Di" and was selected as a good scholar. Xia Tongshan thought that his reading depended on the Xiao family, so he hung the plaque on the hall of his grandmother's house and asked for the imperial edict to rebuild the Xiao family hall. After the brand-new hanlindi was built, he consecrated the imperial edict to a pair of carved gold and red lacquer wooden boxes in the central beam of the main hall. Since then, hanlindi has become the most attractive ancient residence in Wuzhen.

Life of the characters

Xia Tongshan lost his mother when he was young. His father Xia Jianyin continued to marry the Xiao family of Wuzhen. He often lived with his stepmother at his grandmother's house. He was fond of reading books and read all the books collected by his grandfather Xiao Qi. He had a good relationship with Hu Xueyan. In the sixth year of Xianfeng, he was a Jinshi of Bingchen branch, selected a good scholar, and taught editing in a scattered library. Li Guan Shu Chang Guan Shu Zi, Zhan Shi Fu Zhan Shi. When she was good at writing articles, she was praised as "above Zeng (Guofan) and Zuo (Zongtang), which was appreciated by Empress Dowager Cixi. During the second Opium War, Tongshan opposed peace. When the Taiping army was trapped in Hangzhou, Xia Tongshan took his father's funeral home and took his mother to Shanghai. In 1867, he was promoted to shaozhan. In 1871, he served as the right Minister of the military department. in 1873, Tongzhi was famous for hearing the case of Yang Naiwu and pakchoi. Guangxu first year (1875), with the cabinet bachelor Weng Tong and zhiyuqing palace. In the fourth year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he studied in Jiangsu Province. He died in 1880. The imperial court bestowed a memorial ceremony and a posthumous title of Wen Jing. Buried in DAQINGLING. Zhejiang Library keeps Xia Tongshan's manuscript "letters of Mr. Xia zisong". In Wuzhen, Tongxiang City, Zhejiang Province, there is Xia Tongshan Hanlin.

Talent and learning

Xia Tongshan's articles are outstanding, and he was praised as "above Zeng Guofan and Zuo Zongtang". Empress Dowager Cixi highly appreciated his talent and learning. She once ordered him to serve Emperor Guangxu with Weng Tonghe. Xia Tongshan's official career was smooth. He was the editor of Li Guan, the right son of Shu Chang Guan, and the announcer of daily life. Ten years later, the second Opium War broke out. Because Seng gelinqin lost the first World War in Beitang and retreated to Tongzhou, the Qing government sent GUI Liang and Huan Fu to beg for peace. Tongshan firmly opposed the negotiation of peace, advocated the preparation of troops and the people, and proposed that Seng greenqin should guard Tongzhou in case of accidents. In the same year, the Taiping Army entered Zhejiang Province. He asked Zeng Guofan to lead the army to suppress the Taiping army. The following year, the Taiping army conquered Hangzhou. He was taking care of his father's death at home, so he took his mother to Shanghai and wrote to Zeng Guofan, asking for help from Zhejiang. In the sixth year, he was promoted to Zhan Shi Fu, Zhan Shi, and soon served as a student of politics in Jiangsu Province. For ten years, he served as the right servant of the military department, and suggested that the imperial court expand relief, open up a wide range of ideas, and clean up the common prison.

reputation

The Xia family's reputation spread far and wide, mainly because of "Yang (Yang Naiwu) and Ge (cabbage) injustice.". In 1873, a "Yangge unjust case" occurred in Zhejiang Province. The case was tried seven times at the provincial, government and county levels, and was wronged. In 1874, Yang Naiwu's elder sister went to Beijing to complain, where she was a Beijing official from Zhejiang Province to help redress the injustice. Xia Tongshan and 28 officials, including Zhang Jiaxiang, Zhu Zhi, Lin Hong and Wang mingluan, sent a joint letter to the Ministry of criminal justice for review, which was approved by Cixi. He and Shangshu Guangshou went to Sichuan to hear the "Yongchuan Zhangshi zhoujing prosecution case" and asked for the cancellation of Yongchuan bingchai Bureau and the reduction of Fuma Bureau. In 1876, the truth of "Yang Ge unjust case" came to light, and dozens of corrupt officials who participated in the case were also punished to varying degrees. His deeds were compiled into Pingtan works by later generations and widely spread. In the section of "Xia Fu pleads for mercy", not only the contribution of Xia Tongshan was explained in detail, but also the Xiao family garden was introduced in detail.

Historical contribution

Guangxu first year (1875), with the cabinet bachelor Weng Tonghe together as zhiyuqing palace professor. At that time, there was a drought in the area of Jifu, and he wrote a letter asking to dig a well to irrigate the land to alleviate the disaster; when the famine was serious in Shanxi and Henan, he asked to transfer the coastal defense tariff funds to relieve the victims. Five years later, he was ordered to study in Jiangsu Province, and wrote to prepare Chen for donation, which hindered his official career and did not benefit the state. Please stop the donation. The next year, he inspected the river affairs in Shandong Province, and proposed three measures to control the flood in the lower reaches of the Yellow River, i.e. dredging Haikou, zhihewan and tongzhihe, and asked the machinery bureau to allocate funds to control the Yellow River. In Suzhou, he strictly prohibited scholars from taking opium. In Jiangyin, he donated money to repair Jiangyin City and river, planted more than 50000 pine trees in Junshan, and encouraged people to plant trees.

Personal works

Letters of Mr. Xia zisong there is Xia Tongshan's manuscript letters of Mr. Xia zisong in Zhejiang Library

Records in the draft of Qing History

Xia Tongshan, zisong, was born in Renhe, Zhejiang Province. In the sixth year of Xianfeng, he was a Jinshi, selected a good scholar, and granted editing. Tired moved to the right son of the commoner, full of daily life notes official. Ten years later, when the Cantonese invaders fell into the south of the Yangtze River, all the armies had nothing to unite, so Zeng Guofan was invited to join them. At the battle of Beitang, Seng gelinqin's army retreated to Tongzhou, and GUI Liang discussed the money again. He suggested that the enemy's situation was sinister, so he should be Seng gelinqin's full-time guard. His father was worried about his return, so he served him and became an official. In the sixth year of Tongzhi, he moved to shaozhan. At that time, it was rumored that the driver of the car would summon the pear garden to the prince's house, hear about it, and admonish Sun Yi. In a word: "the emperor Chongling, Jingtian did not come to the southern suburbs, lucky to visit the mansion first, not an one.". The holy school is good at cultivating students, playing with their ears and eyes, and occasionally entertaining them. In recent years, the military was not peaceful, and the travel and observation spread all over the world. How could it comfort the popularity of the officials? There are three problems. How can the British and Russian people, who are scattered in the capital, show a little laxity? Four are restless. In ancient times, there was a wise admonition. I beg to stop to show my virtue. " He went to Jiangsu to study politics, but his stepmother lost her job. It's about Jen. Ten years later, he moved to the Army Department. In autumn, when he was suffering from rainy weather, he prayed for piety and praying according to the above conditions. He implemented the policies of frugality, wide relief, opening the way, and clearing the common people's prison. In the 13th year, he went to Sichuan with his minister Guangshou, and asked him to withdraw Yongchuan and other military corps Bureau, Mianzhu and other Fuma Bureau. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, he ordered zhiyuqing palace to teach him to read, but he refused to get any information. Yiping didn't ask about his family affairs, so he only sat quietly watching books, thinking about the reason for offering land. It has been repeatedly said that the criminal law of theft cases should return to the old system and be divided into the first and the second; in case of drought in the capital, please dig wells to irrigate Jiangsu; in case of famine in Jin and Yu, please move the coastal defense tariff funds. In the fourth year, Fu Ming studied in Jiangsu Province. He left for Japan and insisted that the donation was harmful to the people's livelihood and not beneficial to the national use. Next year, he was ordered to inspect the Yellow River in Shandong Province and take charge of three things: dredging Haikou, zhihewan and tongzhihe. He was asked to move funds from the machinery bureau. In the autumn, the fort of Yueyuan river is not to be relied on in the past three years. Please save a lot of effort to help guard the estuary. Those built should not be abandoned, and those not built should not be increased. It is the virtue of the people to plant more than 50000 pine trees in Junshan. Six years later, when he died, Dezong burst into tears when he heard about it. His loyal Lord knew this. In addition, he was granted a compassionate title as an example. Zi Gengfu is the chief; Dunfu is the censor.

Film and television image

Chinese PinYin : Xia Tong Shan