Yu Dingguo

Yu Dingguo

Yu Dingguo? Man Qian was born in Tan county, Donghai County. Officials in the Western Han Dynasty. Liu Xun, Emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty, ascended to the throne. He wrote a letter to the emperor in Dingguo to invite the emperor. All the ministers who had admonished Liu He at that time were promoted. As a result, Yu Dingguo was promoted to the position of doctor Guanglu, who was also a scholar. A few years later, he changed his post to shuiheng Duwei and was promoted to Tingwei. In the reign of Ganlu, Yu Ding replaced Huang Ba as prime minister and was granted the title of Marquis of Xiping. He died in Dingguo's 70s and was posthumously named Marquis an.

Yu Dingguo, a native of Donghai Tan (now northwest of Tancheng, Shandong Province) in the Western Han Dynasty (40 BC), was named Manqian. Don't learn law from your father. At the beginning, he was a jailer. He decided Cao in the county and made up the history of Tingwei. He was able to serve the censor and moved to Zhongcheng. Emperor Xuan ascended the throne, admonished the king of Changyi, moved the Guanglu doctor, and promoted calligraphy. Later, he served as Ting Wei, who was cautious in his sentence. Those who had doubts about their crimes were treated with lighter punishment. Ganlu three years (51 years ago) as prime minister, Feng Xiping Hou. During the reign of emperor yuan, many people were in exile due to the successive disasters in Guandong, so he wrote a letter that he was impeached, returned to the Marquis, resigned, and dismissed. He died at home.

Life of the characters

Yu gongzhi

In Dingguo word Manqian, Donghai County Tan county. His father, Yu Gong, once served as county prison history officer, county magistrate Cao and other official positions. His judgment was fair. No one who violated the law net and was sentenced by Yu Gong according to law was resentful because he did not accept it. The people in the county set up a ancestral hall for him, called Yugong ancestral hall.
There is a filial woman in Donghai County. She is young, widowed and childless. She respectfully supports her mother-in-law. Her mother-in-law wants her to remarry, but she never agrees. Her mother-in-law said to her neighbor, "my filial daughter-in-law serves me very hard. I pity her for being young and widowed and having no children. I'm old, but I've been dragging young people down for such a long time. What can I do? " Later, the old lady hanged herself in order not to drag down her daughter-in-law. The old lady's daughter told the magistrate, "my daughter-in-law killed my mother." County officials arrested Xiaofu, who argued that she did not kill her mother-in-law. However, under the severe punishment of county officials, the filial wife finally made a confession. the case was reported to the county Cao's office. Yu Gong believed that the woman had been supporting her mother-in-law for more than ten years and was famous for her filial piety in the countryside. It must not have been her who killed her mother-in-law. The prefect didn't agree with Yu Gong's analysis. Yu Gong tried his best to argue. In the end, he couldn't persuade the prefect. So he held the verdict in his arms and cried at the county Cao's house, making an excuse that he was ill. In the end, the prefect sentenced her to death for murdering her mother-in-law. After her unjust death, the county suffered a drought for three years. Later, when the new prefect took office, he divined the cause of the drought. Yu Gong said, "the filial wife should not die. The former prefect insisted on going her own way and made a strong decision. I'm afraid this is the cause of the disaster." So the prefect killed a cow and went to the filial wife's grave in person. He set up a tombstone for her in recognition of her filial piety. As expected, the sky immediately rained heavily. That year, the county had a good harvest of grain. The people in the county respect the public more.

Early experience

Yu Dingguo studied law with his father when he was young. After his father's death, he also served as a prison history officer, county magistrate Cao and other officials. Later, he filled in the history of Tingwei. He was elected to work with censor Zhongcheng to deal with the prison cases of rebels. Because of his outstanding intelligence, he was promoted to serve censor and was also promoted to censor Zhongcheng. At the time of the death of Liu Fuling, Emperor Zhao of the Han Dynasty, Liu He, king of Changyi, was called up to take over the throne. He was promiscuous and wrote to Ding state for admonition. Later, Liu he was abolished, and Liu Xun, Emperor Xuandi of the Han Dynasty, ascended to the throne. General Huo Guang also served as the Minister of calligraphy. He wrote to the emperor and invited him to be promoted. All the ministers who had admonished Liu He at that time were promoted. As a result, Yu Dingguo was promoted to the position of Guanglu doctor, who was very important for his calligraphy. A few years later, he changed his post to shuiheng Duwei and was promoted to Tingwei.

Rigorous handling of cases

Yu Dingguo then paid homage to his teacher and studied the spring and Autumn Annals. He personally held the Scriptures and went to the north to practice the rites of his disciples. He was modest and respectful, and especially respected the scholars who were proficient in the classics. Even those who came to visit on foot were treated equally and courteously in Dingguo. He took good care of them and respected them. Therefore, he was widely praised by scholars. Yu Dingguo judged the case fairly. He tried his best to show consideration for the widows, widows and lonely. He was not particularly sure about the crime. He tried to be lenient and cautious. The imperial court praised him, saying: "Zhang Shizhi was appointed as Tingwei, and there was no wronged person in the world; Yu Dingguo was appointed as Tingwei, and the people thought they were not wronged." Yu Dingguo is very good at drinking, and he can't get drunk even when he drinks several stones. In the deep winter, he is asked to handle a case and discuss the crime. He is more shrewd after drinking. After 18 years, he was promoted to the rank of imperial censor doctor.

Official to prime minister

In the reign of Ganlu, Yu Ding replaced Huang Ba as prime minister and was granted the title of Marquis of Xiping. Three years later, Liu Xun, Emperor Xuandi of Han Dynasty, died and Liu Xun, Emperor Yuandi of Han Dynasty, ascended the throne. Because Yu Dingguo was an old official of the former Emperor, Liu Xun, Emperor Yuandi of Han Dynasty, respected him very much. At that time, Chen Wannian served as a royal censor and worked with Dingguo for eight years. There was no conflict between their discussions on political affairs. Later, Gong Yu replaced Chen Wannian as the imperial censor, and there were many disagreements with Yu Dingguo's political views. Because Yu Dingguo was relatively clear and familiar with political affairs, Liu Xun, emperor of the Han and Yuan Dynasties, often agreed with Yu Dingguo's views. However, shortly after Emperor Han Yuan ascended the throne, the people of Guandong were displaced by disasters for years, and a large number of people poured into Guandong. Some people wrote to the emperor and put the responsibility on the ministers. On the day of listening to the court, emperor yuan summoned the prime minister and the censor many times, and went to the palace to receive the imperial edict. He scolded them one by one with his position, saying: "the local officials, who were cunning and disloyal, were afraid of being punished for their failure to catch the thieves. They suspected that they would harm the good people, and even made the innocent people die unjustly. Some officials found the thieves and didn't immediately pursue them, but instead they detained the families who lost their property and made them happy Later, when the common people were robbed by thieves, they did not dare to report to the government. As a result, disasters and bad atmosphere gradually grew and expanded. The common people have many grievances, but the officials of prefectures and counties do not deal with them. Because the names of the subordinate officials elected by the officials of two thousand stone are not worthy of the reality, most of the officials of Chang Cheng Wei are incompetent. When the farmland suffered from disasters, the officials refused to reduce or reduce its taxes, instead, they asked for its rent, which aggravated the poverty of the people. The refugees in Guandong are suffering from hunger, cold and epidemic diseases. I have issued an edict to the officials to transport grain, open the warehouses, take out the goods stored in the warehouses, relieve the victims, and give them winter clothes. I'm afraid these measures can't last until spring. Prime Minister and censor, how do you plan to make up for these mistakes? You should all state my faults in detail Dingguo wrote a apology.
In the first year of Yongguang (43bc), it was frosty in spring, cold in summer, and the sun was dark and dull. Emperor yuan of Han Dynasty issued an edict to rebuke each other, saying: "a Langguan from the East said that the common people there could not take care of each other because of famine. The prime minister, the censor, and the ministers in charge, why don't they report the situation? Or is the official from the East exaggerating? I want to know why there is such a big difference between the two aspects. The harvest is still hard to predict. Once there are floods and droughts, the consequences are very worrying. Secretary of state, do you have any way to prevent trouble or save it? Please tell me the truth and don't have any taboos. " When Ding Guo saw the imperial edict, he was afraid, so he wrote a letter to blame himself, and returned it to Hou Yin, begging to return home. Emperor Hanyuan replied, "you help me to govern the world. I dare not relax a little. You are in charge of all kinds of state affairs. People are not saints, who can do nothing wrong. Nowadays, the Han Dynasty is in the state of poverty and decline since the Zhou and Qin Dynasties. The decline of folk culture, the lack of etiquette, the imbalance of yin and Yang, and disasters are not caused by a single reason. When we study the words and deeds of sages recorded in ancient times, we dare not bear our own mistakes, let alone ordinary people! I thought about the cause of these disasters, but I still couldn't make it clear. The Scripture says, "if the world is guilty, then all the faults should be attributed to the Lord of our country." Although you are in an important position, why should you be solely responsible? Continue to work hard to monitor the local officials, incompetent do not let him continue to bully the people. Please continue to preside over the national affairs, try to use your intelligence, and also try to eat and take care of your body. " Dingguo then wrote that his illness was getting worse and insisted on resigning his official post to return home. Emperor yuan of the Han Dynasty gave him four horses to ride in and sixty Jin of gold to return home. A few years later, Ding Guo passed away in his 70s and was named Marquis an.

member of family

Father: Yu Gong; son: Yu Yong. In Yongnian's youth, he made many mistakes because of drinking. In his late 30s, he changed his moral character and relied on his father's Yin Ze to serve as the general of the servant and the captain of Changshui. When Yu Dingguo died, he followed the etiquette of mourning at home and was famous for his filial piety. So as a marquis, he was granted the title of "Sanqi Guanglu Xun" and the official title was "Yushi doctor". He married Liu Shi, Princess of Guantao. Liu Shi is the eldest daughter of Liu Xun, Emperor Xuandi of Han Dynasty, and the aunt of Liu Ao, Emperor chengdi of Han Dynasty. When the emperor was ready to worship Yu Yong as prime minister, Yu Yong died.) Sun: Yu Tian

Anecdotes and allusions

Yu gonggaomen

When Yu Dingguo's father, Yu Gong, was alive, the inner gate of his hometown was broken. His fellow villagers wanted to repair it together. Yu Gong said to them, "make the inner gate a little bigger so that it can pass through the high covered car pulled by four horses. I have accumulated a lot of virtue in the management of lawsuits, and I have never created unjust cases. Therefore, my descendants will surely have a prosperous future. " Later, Yu Dingguo was appointed prime minister, Yu Yongye was appointed censor, and he was granted marquis.

Historical records

Book of the Han Dynasty Volume 71: biography of Xue pingpeng

Chinese PinYin : Yu Ding Guo