LV Yijian

LV Yijian

Lu Yi bamboo slips (978 ~ October 3, 1044), written as Tanfu, was born in Shouxian County, Huainan county (now Fengtai County, Anhui Province). His ancestral home is Laizhou, Jingdong Road (now Laizhou City, Shandong Province). He was a famous prime minister and an outstanding politician in the Northern Song Dynasty. The nephew of Lu MENGZHENG, the famous Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the son of Lu mengheng, the Prime Minister of Guanglu temple and Dali temple.

In the third year of Xianping (1000), he became a military officer in Jiangzhou and moved to Kaifeng Prefecture. Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty ascended the throne and was granted the right admonishment and advice to the officials. In the sixth year of Tiansheng (1028), he became the prime minister by worshipping Zhang Shi of Tongping and the great scholar of Jixian hall. In the second year of Ming Dynasty (1033), because of empress Guo's words, she was soon reinstated. In the second year of Jingyou (1035), he moved to youpushe and was canonized as the Duke of Shenguo. In the fourth year of Jingyou's reign (1037), because of a dispute with zuopushewang, he was punished. In the first year of Kangding (1040), he paid homage to the prime minister again. In the first year of the Qing Dynasty (1041), Xu Guogong was removed and granted the title. In the second year of the Qing Dynasty (1042), he was also a secret envoy. In the third year of the Qing Dynasty (1043), he became an official as a Taiwei. Qingli four years (1044), died at the age of 66, was given to Taishi, Zhongshu Ling, posthumous title "Wen Jing". Jiayou eight years (1063), with song Renzong temple. In the second year of Baoqing (1226), he was one of the "24 meritorious officials of zhaoxun Pavilion".

LV Yijian assisted the young song Renzong in correctly handling many social contradictions in the Northern Song Dynasty when the Empress Dowager was in the court, which ensured the social stability and economic development of the Northern Song Dynasty. The original collection of 20 volumes has been lost. Eleven of his poems are recorded in Quan Song Shi.

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Life of the characters

Family background

Lu Yi Jian was originally from Laizhou, Jingdong Road (now Laizhou City, Shandong Province). Because his grandfather Lu Guixiang was once the magistrate of Shouzhou, Anhui Province (now Fengtai County), he moved to Shouzhou. Lu Yi was the nephew of Lu MENGZHENG, the famous Prime Minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the son of Lu mengheng, the Prime Minister of Guanglu temple and Dali temple.

Early career

In the third year of emperor Zhenzong's Xianping reign (1000 years), LV Yi was a Jinshi in the examination of bamboo slips and a military officer in Jiangzhou. He has successively served as TongZhou judge, Binzhou magistrate, wailang, a member of the Ministry of rites, wailang, a member of the Ministry of punishment, and also served as censor. Lu Yi's bamboo slips were excellent in talent, cautious and diligent in administration in Qing Dynasty. When he knew Binzhou, he asked for exemption of farm tools tax, and Zhenzong issued it to the whole world. During his tenure as a member of the Ministry of rites, Wai Lang criticized Zhenzong's palace building as a waste of money and money. Please stop transporting wood and stone in winter. Zhenzong praised him for his "heart of serving the country and loving the people" and entrusted him with important tasks several times. After returning to Korea, he was promoted to the post of zhizhigao and became a close Minister of Zhenzong.

At the end of Zhenzong's reign, he was promoted to a Bachelor of LongTuge, moved to a doctor in the Department of criminal justice, and knew Kaifeng Prefecture. Zhenzong wrote his name on the screen, and it was widely spread that LV Yi Jian would be worshipped as a prime minister.

be entrusted with a mission at a critical and difficult moment

In the first year of Qianxing (1022), Zhenzong collapsed. Young Renzong ascended the throne, Empress Dowager Liu said the system. LV Yi Jian paid homage to Zhang Shi, a senior scholar in the hall of Jixian, who was under the door of Zhongshu. Empress Dowager Liu was headstrong and did not know how to study the state affairs, but the Court Affairs had to be approved by her. On the one hand, Lu Yi Jian had to deal with state affairs carefully, and on the other hand, he had to restrain the Empress Dowager's indulgence and arbitrariness. In this case, Lu Yi Jian devoted himself to dealing with all kinds of affairs based on his loyalty to the country. He takes care of the Empress Dowager's face for small things, but he doesn't give up for big things, which sometimes makes her very angry.

In this case, Lu Yi Jian always explained in detail, repeatedly stated his opinions, forcing the Empress Dowager to accept the correct opinions. For example, at the ceremony of Zhenzong's temple attachment, Empress Dowager Liu proposed that all the things used by Zhenzong while he was alive should be provided in the temple; at the same time, a silver cover should be used to cover Zhenzong's throne. And said not to do so is disrespectful to Zhenzong. Lu Yijian said that the best way to remember Zhenzong was to help the young master manage the world well. Waste and extravagance were not what the former Emperor hoped, and finally stopped the Empress Dowager's practice.

Another example is that in the first year of Ming Dynasty, Renzong's mother and concubine Li Shi died of illness, and the Empress Dowager did not publicly administer her funeral. When Lvyi bamboo slips were ordered to court, the Empress Dowager said, "does the prime minister also take care of the affairs in the palace?" Empress Dowager Liu asked emperor Renzong to retreat and summoned LV Yijian alone. Lu Yi Jian said tit for tat: "the Empress Dowager is not for the sake of preserving the Liu family in the future?" One sentence shocked the empress dowager, and later issued an imperial edict to bury the Li family in Queen's ceremony.

King Jing's son has been kept in the palace. The Empress Dowager likes him very much and doesn't let him out when he grows up. Ministers repeatedly asked the Empress Dowager to ask him to accompany Renzong. Lu Yi Jian said: "the sage should be close to Confucian officials, so as to facilitate the cultivation of Saint virtue." The Empress Dowager had no choice but to let him out of the palace. With the efforts of Lu Yi Jian, Renzong had a peaceful politics and a stable society in his early years. The history of the Song Dynasty commented on him: "Renzong was established at the beginning, and the Empress Dowager faced the dynasty for more than ten years. The world was Yan Ran, and the strength of Yi Jian was more."

Eight exhortations

In 1033, the Empress Dowager died and Renzong was in charge. Lu Yi Jian put forward eight pieces of advice to him, that is: zhengchaogang, saixie path, ban goods and bribes, identify sycophants, Jue nvye, shujinxi, ban forced labor, save redundant expenses. Song Renzong accepted it with an open mind.

Empress Guo of song Renzong was dissatisfied with LV Yijian, so she stirred up the relationship between him and LV Yijian in front of Renzong. LV Yijian was dismissed for a short time and was immediately reinstated. Empress Guo has a bad temper. She quarrels with Shangmei in the palace and has a big fight. Unexpectedly, she slaps Renzong in the face. Lu Yijian agreed with Renzong's decision to abolish her, while Kong Daofu, Fan Zhongyan and others were demoted. At that time, the number of lineage children increased sharply. According to Lu Yijian's suggestion, the imperial court set up a large number of professors to manage them and added professors. After that, he added the right servant to shoot and was granted the Duke of Shenguo.

The Prime Minister Wang once disagreed with Lu Yijian and had many disputes. Wang once couldn't bear it and denounced Lu Yi bamboo slips for "Accepting Bribes". Lu Yijian asked to answer in front of Renzong, but when Renzong asked Wang Zeng about his reasons, Wang Zeng said Qu, and they were dismissed together. Lu Yi Jian was appointed governor of the Tianxiong army in the name of governor of Zhen'an army and governor of Tongping army. Soon afterwards, he took his right servant to join the pilgrimage. More than a year later, he was promoted to Sikong. Lu Yi Jian refused to accept it and was renamed Duke Xu. At that time, he was reorganizing the military equipment, and Renzong gave LV Yijian the power to judge the Privy Council. However, Tian Kuang, the admonitor, thought that the name of "chief judge" was too heavy, so he changed it to serve as a secret envoy.

In the second year of Qingli (1042), Khitan gathered a large number of troops in Yanyun, claiming to wait for the opportunity to invade the south. When the news spread to Tokyo, some people advocated moving the capital to Luoyang. Lu Yijian believed that if the capital was moved to Luoyang, Qidan would cross the Yellow River without resistance. At that time, no matter how strong the city was, it was difficult to stop the enemy's attack. Khitan was "afraid of the strong and bullying the timid". If he moved his capital to Luoyang in a hurry, he would show weakness to the enemy. In order to defeat Khitan's plan to invade the south, it is necessary to build the capital and show Renzong's determination to fight in person. Renzong adopted the idea of Lvyi bamboo slips and renamed Daming mansion "Beijing" in May that year.

He died of serious illness

In the second year of Qingli (1042), Lu Yijian fell ill because of wind vertigo. Renzong changed to worship him as an important military and national affair of Sikong and Pingzhang. When Lu Yijian's condition improved slightly, he was asked to go to Zhongshu every few days to adjudicate military and state affairs. He cut off his beard and gave it to Lu Yijian, saying: "the ancients said that beard can cure diseases. Now I cut off my beard and give it to you. I hope you will recover soon."

In the spring of 1043, LV Yi Jian was seriously ill. Renzong summoned him, did not let him bow down, helped him sit in front of him. I hope that he can get involved with the government with his health permission. Lu Yijian gave in again and again, and Renzong allowed him to serve as a Taiwei. Soon after, Lu Yijian died of illness at the age of 66. When the obituary was introduced into the court, the prime minister was playing to Renzong. Renzong lamented, "you are so worried about your country that you forget your body like a barbarian." He immediately mourned for him in the forbidden court, and stopped the court for three days. He ordered that the relevant compassionate code should be given priority, and he was awarded the title of "Wen Jing".

Political initiatives

Pacify the frontier

Lu Yi bamboo slips made great contributions in dealing with the relationship between Song Dynasty, Liao Dynasty and Xia Dynasty and consolidating the frontier defense. He appointed Fan Zhongyan to fight in Xixia, sent famous officials to Liao state, reached peace with the two countries, realized peace, and protected the domestic stable social environment, which is of positive significance. However, in dealing with the above-mentioned relations, Lu Yi bamboo slips gave way to Liao and Xia dynasties too much, and lost too much silver and silk at the age of one year, which increased the domestic financial burden.

know one 's subordinates well enough to assign them jobs commensurate with their abilities

In terms of personnel, Lu Yijian was not tolerant of those who opposed him. These figures were often demoted to distant posts by him, such as Kong Daofu and Fan Zhongyan. Ouyang Xiu criticized Lu Yi Jian for "destroying the world in 20 years". On the day of his reign, he monopolized the state power and threatened both China and foreign countries.

However, Lu Yi Jian was able to reuse the really talented officials. They are often punished lightly and used at the same time to give full play to their talents. Therefore, the history of the Song Dynasty called him: "in the world, there are many things, such as bending, stretching, and moving."

Character evaluation

Zhao Heng: you have the heart to serve the country and love the people.

Empress Guo: is the bamboo slips not attached to the Empress Dowager? But they are skillful and responsive.

Zhao Zhen: An De is worried about the country and forgets his body like a barbarian!

Wang Yao: smart, bright and far-reaching. He served in Daliao, experienced three affairs, left and right the emperor, worked hard in the royal family, and made great achievements in more than 20 years.

Zhang Fangping: the emperor and the Song Dynasty were ordered to live in the world, and only God could protect them. In the Taizong Dynasty, Ruo wenmu, the Duke of MENGZHENG, led by Dabian and Yining, conquered the left and right, and disorganized the four sides, so as to achieve the great cause of Dishui. Shengshangzuan clothes, such as Yuan Zai Taiwei Xu Gong, Yin Liang Yide, Mo Ming Xiufu, answer Yang ancestor's advice, in order to seize Xi in Guangming, so hold the profit to ensure success, attach importance to yongleiqia, long the foundation of Wujiang.

Wang said: first, the Yijian xiangrenzong (que) was famous for its achievements, which was beneficial to the world. It is a long way to go if he is in charge of funeral rites;

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