Sun family

Surname sun

The sun surname, one of the Chinese surnames, is a multi-ethnic and multi-source surname. According to historical records, it mainly comes from the Ji surname, MI surname and the surname change. It can be traced back to King Wen of Zhou more than 3000 years ago. Sun Yi of Wei state in the spring and Autumn Period was the ancestor of the Ji surname. As of 2012, the name of the sun surname ranked the 12th in the Chinese surname by population, accounting for about 1.5% of China's total population %。 In Chinese history, Sun Quan (surnamed Ji sun) established the state of Wu during the Three Kingdoms period. In addition, Sun Yat Sen, the forerunner of modern democratic revolution, once served as the provisional president of the Republic of China.

Historical development

Origin of surname

1. From

offspring

.

At the end of the Shang Dynasty, King Zhou's uncle Bigan, a good official of the Shang Dynasty, was killed because of direct admonition. His descendants took refuge and changed their surnames. One of them took the surname of sun because he was a descendant of the royal family.

2. From

Ji surname

. In 1055 BC, Duke Jidan of Zhou granted Kang Shuwei (now Qixian County in Henan Province) and established the state of Wei. In the spring and Autumn period, his eighth grandson Jihe was granted the title of Duke by King Ping of Zhou for his meritorious service in conquering Xirong. One of the sons of weiwugong is Huisun. Huisun's grandson's name is Yi, Wu Zhong, also known as Wu Zhongyi. His grandfather Huisun's name is sun. Therefore, Wu Zhongyi is also called Sun Yi, and his descendants take sun as their surname.

3. From

Surname GUI

And Yao.

In the book of the new Tang Dynasty, the lineage of the Prime Minister: "Hu Gonggui, the empress of Shun, was granted the official title of Chen, respected Zhong Shiqi, and became the Tian family. Wang Mang appointed Tian Feng as the Marquis of Sui Dynasty. Later, Fengzi Tian Hui fled the rebellion of Wang Mang and moved across the river to Wujun County, where he changed his surname to GUI. In the Five Dynasties, sun Guifu changed his name to Yao. " According to the dialectics of ancient and modern surname books, "Shun was born in Yaoxu and his surname was Yao. He lived in Guishui and his surname was GUI. Therefore, Yao Hui changed his surname to GUI, and GUI Hao changed his surname to Yao. He knew that Yao could communicate with GUI During the reign of King Wu, there were those who suppressed Yu's father and offered sacrifices to Emperor Yu, which was for Duke Hu. " In the period of Jingyou in the Northern Song Dynasty, Shao Si's explanation of surname recorded: "Yushun was born in Yao, so he took his place of birth as his surname, and later generations took Yao as their surname." According to the compilation of Yuanhe surname, "Yao, Emperor Yu was born in Yaoxu, and his descendants took Yao as their surname." In the book of history, Yao Dian records that Shun "Li surrendered his two daughters to Gui Gui and his concubines to Yu. Before Shun became emperor, Siyue recommended Shun to Emperor Yao. Yao married his two daughters to him and let them live by the Gui River. Some of their descendants stayed by the Gui River and took GUI as their surname. The Southern Song Dynasty's "general annals of Clans" records: "Yao's surname is also the surname of Yu. Emperor Yu was born in Yaoxu, so his surname is because he was born." Shun was born in Yaoxu, and his descendants took the place as their surname, which is called Yao's. It can be seen from Shun culture, Yushun culture and the world shun Clan Association (the world shun Clan Association), the dialectics of ancient and modern surname books: "in the spring and Autumn period, the fourth generation of Tian Wan, the son of Duke li of Qi, was Xu Wu, and the youngest son of Wu Yu, was named Zi Zhan. He was a senior official of Qi. He was a meritorious official of cutting Ju. Duke Jing of Qi granted his surname sun, Shicai Le'an, and Sun Wu was later." In 1046 BC, the Zhou Dynasty destroyed the Shang Dynasty, and King Wu of the Zhou Dynasty granted guiman, a direct descendant of Emperor Shun, the state of Chen. In 672 BC, Chen Wan, the son of GUI Yue, the Duke of Chen Li, fled to the state of Qi and changed the Chen family to Tian family. At the time of Duke Jing of Qi, the fourth grandson of Chen Wan was Xu Wu, the son of Tian Huan, a senior official of Qi Dynasty. His son Tian Shu had contributed to the cutting of Ju. Duke Jing of Qi granted Tian Shu to Le'an. The ancient city was in Huimin County of Shandong Province, and he was given the surname of sun.

4. From

Surname mi

.

① He is the descendant of Jia. At the beginning of the spring and Autumn period, the grandson of longmao, the king of Chu, and the son of Yila, also known as sun shuao, were appointed as the Lingyin of the king of Chu Zhuang.

② The descendants of Chu doctor Qu Yuan. According to Ji Lantai's biography of Fangji in Hancheng County, doctor Sanlu died and all his three sons entered the Qin Dynasty. One is Yaozhou, whose surname is sun, and the descendants of Simiao, the grandson of the official in Sui and Tang Dynasties; one is Pucheng, whose surname is still the same; the other is Hancheng, whose surname is Fang. Sun Simiao is his posterity.

5. From

Surname Xun

.

In the Han Dynasty, in order to avoid the taboo of Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, he ordered the descendants of Xun to change their surname from Xun to sun, and changed Xunqing in the Warring States period to sun Qing. Therefore, Xun family has become a source of the branch of Sun family.

6. From giving surnames

During the Three Kingdoms period, Yu He, a general of the eastern Wu Dynasty, was given the surname of sun because of his merit. Sun he, originally surnamed Yu, went to war with Sun Jian when he was young. Sun Jian regarded him as his confidant. After that, he followed sun CE to pacify Jiangdong and made more contributions. Sun CE gave him his surname as sun.

7. From Si

lastname

Xia Houying, a young friend of Liu Bang, once held the official post of "tengling Fengche". When his great grandson xiahoupo married a princess, the princess was called "granddaughter" by her mother's family name, which made xiahoupo's children follow her mother's family name.

8. From

Change one's surname

The family name was changed to surname

(1) yuncheng county annals of Shandong Province according to Li's genealogy of Li's family in Junli village of Liji Township, Li's original surname was Xuanyuan, and his ancestor was xuanyuanbin. He was an official in the early Ming Dynasty and was ordered to go to Liangshan to pacify the chaos, so he settled down in Yuncheng. Later, in order to avoid the disaster of extermination, he changed Xuanyuan's family name to sun, Xuan and Li and lived in seclusion.

(2) according to the history of the Ming Dynasty, there was a scholar named sun Yiyuan in the middle of the Ming Dynasty. He was originally a descendant of King Anhua's clan and was originally Zhu. In the 19th year of Yongle in the Ming Dynasty (1492 AD), the fourth son of Zhu Yao, King Qingjing, inherited the feudal land of Anhua (now Qingyang in Shaanxi and Anhua in Gansu). Zhu had always thought that he was the one to be elected to the throne. Later, Zhu Yiyuan was afraid of being implicated, so he changed his name to sun Yiyuan and took refuge with his family in Taibai Mountain. Among the descendants of Zhu Yiyuan, they all follow the surname changed by their ancestors and are called the sun family, which has been handed down from generation to generation.

9、

It originated from the change of surname in other ethnic groups and belongs to the change of surname to surname in Chinese

The book of Jin records the sun family of the former Yan Dynasty and the Xianbei nationality. The Jie people have the sun family.

(1) in the early days of Silla, the origin of the sun family was recorded in the historical records of the Three Kingdoms written by Jin Fushi, a Korean Sinologist. In the early days of Silla, the Korean adherents lived separately in the valleys, which were the Yangshan tribe of kaechuan and the Dashu tribe of Maoshan. In the third generation of Wang puru in Silla, he changed the names of six divisions and gave them surnames respectively. Among them, the big tree division in Maoshan was renamed Jianliang division and given the surname sun.

(2) in the Tang Dynasty, sun Xiaozhe, the general of Anlu mountain, was a member of the Khitan people.

(3) in the Yuan Dynasty, tahai, who was once the governor of Dadu, later changed his surname to Han, and settled in dongbaishui village, Xiushui Town, Yuxian County, the only Mongolian village in Shanxi Province.

(4) in the Qing Dynasty, the surname of the Eight Banners in Manchuria was changed from Sun Jia to Sun Jia. After the Manchu established the Qing Dynasty, it became a common phenomenon to change the Han surname. Sun Jia took its initial sound and chose "sun" as the surname. In addition, the lubli family changed its name to the sun family.

(5) in today's Jingpo, Miao, Achang, Hani, Tujia, Li, Dai, WA and other ethnic minorities, there are all suns. Most of the Suns originated from the Jimi policy and the Han surname suns in the Tang, song, yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.

The ancestor of the surname de

Sun Yi. Sun Yi is also known as Wu Zhongyi. According to the historical records of Yuanhe surname Zuan, "after Wei Kangshu, the eighth son of King Wen of Zhou, he came to Wu Gonghe and gave birth to Huisun. Huisun gave birth to ER and ER gave birth to Wu Zhong. His surname is Wang Fu." Sun Yi is the ancestor of the surname Ji and the surname sun.

Sun Shu. In the spring and Autumn period, the son of Duke li of Chen (the GUI surnamed state granted by King Wu of Zhou after he destroyed the Shang Dynasty) was called Chen Wan. When he was a doctor of the state of Chen, he was very close to the crown prince yukou. After yukou was killed, he fled to the state of Qi for fear of being implicated. After arriving at the state of Qi, Chen Wan did not want to use the original name as his surname, so he changed it to the surname Tian (the pronunciation of Tian and Chen was the same in ancient times). Tian Wan's fourth grandson is Xu Wu, who has no son. Wu Yu has two sons. His youngest son is Tian Shu, whose name is Zi Zhan. He was a doctor in the state of Qi. Because of his contributions to the vassal state of Zhou Dynasty, Duke Jing of Qi granted him the name of sun in Le'an (now the north of Guangrao County in Shandong Province). Sun Shu became the ancestor of the surnames GUI and Yao.

According to the records in the new book of the Tang Dynasty, Tian Wuyu, the descendant of Tian Wan, had two sons, Tian Heng and Tian Shu. Tian Shu was given the surname of sun by the Duke of Qi Jing because of his contribution to the cutting of Ju, and Sun Wu was the grandson of Tian Shu. Part of sun's surname is derived from Sun Yi, who is also the ancestor of Ji's surname.

Migration distribution

Migration routes

The sun surname has been active in Henan and Shandong since it was established in the late Shang and early Zhou dynasties. Since the spring and Autumn period and the Warring States period, there have been several major migrations of the sun family, which are characterized by the migration from north to south, and even cross sea and cross country migration. According to historical records, there is no mention of the name of "Sun Shu (Chen Shu, Tian Shu)". There are two mentions of "Sun Shu" and "Zi Zhan" in Zuozhuan.

At the beginning of the spring and Autumn period, the surname Ji sun had been inherited from Shangqing of the state of Wei, and had power over one country. The surname sun developed rapidly in Henan. At the end of the spring and Autumn period, sun was out of favor in the state of Wei, and moved north to Jin and east to Qi. In the state of Qi, sun developed vigorously. Especially in the Warring States period, Sun Wu, a military strategist, was born The famous county of Fang Wangwu.

After the Qin and Han Dynasties, it expanded from Shandong to the surrounding areas, westward to Taiyuan, Shanxi, southward to southern Zhejiang, and southwestward to Hubei. During the Three Kingdoms period, Sun Jian and his son established the state of Wu in Jiangnan, and sun's development reached its peak.

In the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties, the sun clan developed rapidly in the north, Central Plains and south of the Yangtze River, and a number of famous families of sun clan appeared.

population distribution

During the Song Dynasty, there were about 1.05 million people with the sun surname, accounting for 1.4% of the Chinese population, which was the 11th largest surname in the Song Dynasty. Anhui is the largest province of the sun family, accounting for 11.8% of the total population of China. In China, the distribution is mainly concentrated in Anhui, Henan, Shandong and Jiangsu

Chinese PinYin : Sun Shi