Huang Zhencheng

Huang Zhencheng

Huang Zhencheng (1287-1362) was named Yuanzhen, named cuncunzi, ziyunshanren, qiushengzi, xuezhai, etc. Shaowu (now Shaowu County, Fujian Province), a landscape and pastoral poet of the Yuan Dynasty, and Huang qinglao (a native of Shaowu county), were called "poet Erhuang" by later generations. At the beginning, he visited Chu, Han, Qi, Lu, Yan, Zhao and other places. Later, he was promoted by Jiangnan Confucianism and died before taking office. He has four volumes of qiushengji and ten volumes of Shangshu tongkao.

Character experience

Huang Zhencheng was born in the 25th year of Zhizheng reign of emperor Shizu of Yuan Dynasty and died in the 22nd year of Zhizheng reign of Huizong at the age of 75. According to the Qing edition of Guangze county annals and other relevant historical records, he studied hard and read extensively since he was a child, laying a solid foundation of classics, history, poetry and prose. Due to the influence of traditional Confucianism, he also hopes to become an official through reading and to show his ambition for the country and the people. There are "auspicious days have a long journey, I travel everywhere", "Mirs hair Tianchi, Tuanfeng soar" poems, indicating the state of mind at that time. However, it backfired. During the reign of Yanyou, he failed in the examination twice, which was a great blow to him. From then on, he was disheartened and had no intention of fame. He yearned for nature and seclusion. So he left his hometown and "traveled through the famous mountains of Chu, Yan, Zhao, Qi and Lu" for more than 10 years. Finally, he went back to his hometown by boat and settled down in the south of Shaowu City, a neighboring county. He devoted himself to writing books and poems and lived in seclusion. When the imperial court heard of his good name, "the envoys of the Ministry repeatedly recommended him and refused to be an official.". In the third year of emperor Wenzong's Tianli reign, he was recommended as a Confucian scholar in Jiangxi road. He died at the age of 70. The posthumous title of JiXianYuan was "Zhenwen Chushi".

Character works

Travel through the famous mountains of Chu and write landscape poems

His landscape poems are very distinctive, and his description of nature is profound and meticulous. And the style is beautiful and natural, such as mountains, springs and flowing water, refreshing, later evaluation of his famous Southern Dynasty landscape poet Xie Lingyun's poetic style. Such as his representative work "Dongyang road", a poem: "out of the valley, the smoke is thin, through the forest, the sun slants. Cliff collapse detour road, wood fall to see people. Wild pestles make spring water, mountain bridges make shallow sand. Before the village Sapium ripe, suspected to be early plum Written in Dongyang, Zhejiang Province, the poem is closely related to the sunset scenery seen in the road, with a few sparse strokes of smoke, slanting sun, wild pestle, small bridge and Sapium sebiferum. It outlines a landscape painting of a mountain village in the south of the Yangtze River, which is fascinating and immersive. There is also "White Dew down the mountain city, autumn wind overnight" (August). "Mangrove sunset cicada noise urgent, white apple autumn water geese to many" (autumn wind). "The wind of a river rises at night, the tide rises at night, and the moon rises in the mountains in the middle of the night" ("crossing Mingzhou to the west") and so on. The description technique is refined and accurate, the feelings and scenes blend, and the customs and sounds are excellent. He left a famous poem "you e" in Mount Emei, Sichuan: "the pavilion of Emei looks at the void, and the upper boundary of Yuyu is the same. Tea tripod night cooking eternal snow, Flower Shadow morning nine days wind. Cloud even Taibai open all Xia, day round reunion house hero. If you think about it, you can only fly tin to test your magic power. " In the poem, "the tea pot cooks the snow in the night, and the flower shadow moves the wind in the morning." the two sentences are very meaningful and well-known. They are inscribed on the pavilion pillars beside the gate of Baoguo Temple by calligraphers and can be seen today. He wrote a poem named "a boat across Shimen Liang'an gorge": "painting and calligraphy, the bow of the boat carries wine back, Cangzhou is slanting, the sun is separated from the wind. A pair of white birds carrying people, countless green hills like horses. Sky rain fan Liang gorge, shuixinyun temple stone door open. There are guests like Gao Li who travel with us. We are only ashamed to give them Xiantai. " When visiting Fuzhou, he wrote a poem named "daoshanting night rest": "pingchi, the rain is clear at the beginning, and the spring water is deep at dusk. The light haze falls, the sky is wide, and the moonlight is deep. "I'm surprised to see the diving fish and the flying birds." Seeing poems is like seeing scenery. The beauty of description and the truth of depiction can be described as extreme. When he returned to his hometown, he wrote down the famous "eight scenery poems", which is even more thought-provoking. As one of the eight sceneries, the poem "the song of the dragon beach" reads: "the murmuring stone Laise is as urgent as a string, and the spirit once sleeps here. In the shortest awning, in the misty rain, there is a long song of water connecting the sky.". The beauty of artistic conception, the truth of description and the detail of description are amazing.

Living in seclusion in Shaowu City

Pastoral poetry has a unique achievement in his poetic art. The quantity, quality and charm of his poems almost surpass those of his predecessors and account for most of his poems. After returning to his hometown in middle age, he made a living by farming and reading in the "South farmland farming house" in the south of Shaowu City, entertaining the countryside and chanting his own happiness. He wrote "Caiwei Xing", "Qiaolan Qiujia", "negative salary Xing", "Nantian gengshe Zhugong Fu" and so on. The poetry is elegant, the language is simple and natural, sad and generous. It describes the life of farming and mulberry, pastoral scenery and simple customs and feelings, expresses the author's love for quiet and leisurely pastoral life, and expresses the author's aloof and broad-minded character. The language of poetry is simple and natural, which seems to flow out of the heart naturally. Such as "farming at the foot of the south mountain, the soil is thin, the good farmland is sparse, the days of Echinochloa crusgalli are long, and the fields of Polygonum hydropiper are cold. Lu Fenghe hoes people and takes care of each other. I want to overcome the pitfalls, but my strength is weak. How can we be hungry in the new year. Who makes evil grass root, but also by the rain. Why can't you cultivate the soil and make me think for a long time? " It reflects the farmers' hard life and simple thoughts and feelings, and also contains all kinds of injustice to the world. His self figurative poem: "there are secluded scholars in Nanshan, white heads in the forest; he has good music in his life, and knows Lu Qing's feelings; he cuts bamboo to be an executive, and blows the sound of Luan and Phoenix; he does not know when he is a teacher, but he has farmers to listen to." There are also "leaving the south mountain field, picking the green at the foot of the mountain", "three rafters of flowing water, five mu of mulberry field", "I cultivate the south mountain field, I tie the end of the south mountain; I hand in mulberry hemp at the foot of the mountain, and go up to the mountain to make friends with elk", "there is a field at the foot of the south mountain, which can be used for Sheng Zhen; there is a Lu in the middle field, which can read poetry". "Sitting on the stone couch watching the clouds, sleeping on the stream window listening to the rain" and so on are all the portraits of his leisurely pastoral life. With a kind of imagery technique, they express his freedom of living in seclusion in Nanshan, the pleasure of living away from the world and farming. When he was 56 years old, he returned to Guangze's ancestral home and wrote the poem "Xinsi moved back to Shangjing": dongjingtianlu is not a good place to work, but ten years of wind and rain have gone by; the rivers and lakes are wide and the rivers and lakes are wide and the rivers and lakes are deep; the old cranes are back; the mulberry trees are turning to yellow soil, the pine trees are flying in the sky; the plum blossoms can meet each other today, and the bamboo sticks are carrying each other to the green and tiny place. " At this time, his hometown's former garden house was dilapidated and desolate, and he was very moved. But he is already a man who supports his staff. He can only express his feelings by scenery, chant things and trust his ambition, and place his mood on the green plants.

His poems are elegant, clear and elegant, and he is highly accomplished in classics and history

Huang Zhencheng left a large number of poems in his life. His four volume collection of autumn sounds contains 268 poems, which is only a part of his works. What is "autumn sound", he said in his preface: "Yu shaoxue Yin, can't be silent." But his life is plain and desolate, and his voice can only be expressed by the slight cold of all things in autumn. However, it was this collection of autumn sounds that established his important position in the history of Yuan Dynasty poetry and became one of the famous poets in China at that time. "The chronicle of Yuan Poetry" commented: "there are many poets in Yuan Dynasty, and Shaowu has Huang Zhencheng, who has a lot of poems. The sound of autumn is a collection of ten volumes. Those who cherish the decay of pear dates seldom see the whole article After the collection of poems was included in Sikuquanshu, the summary of Sikuquanshu's general catalogue commented on his poems: "the modern style comes from elegance, the ancient style comes from Qingqian, and it also makes good use of its short style, so it has a clear rhyme, which is quite inherited by Qian Lang, and it is more solid and detached from the dust wall than the fiber mounted style of the Yuan Dynasty." There is also "Zhen chenggai, in troubled times, has the ambition to save the time and can't do it, but has to flee.". There are many worries in ancient poems. "Qian Xu" knows his heart, but he retreats in peace. It's not enough for him. " Zhou Lianggong, a famous poet and Zuo Buzheng envoy of Fujian Province in the Qing Dynasty, commented on his poems: "the beauty of five words is far behind Xie Tao." Comparing his landscape and pastoral poems with Xie Lingyun of the Southern Dynasty and Tao Yuanming of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it can be said that he highly praised them. In addition to his achievements in landscape and pastoral poetry, he also had a high attainments in the history of Confucian classics, and was an important representative of Neo Confucianism in Northern Fujian in the Yuan Dynasty.

He has written 10 volumes of Shangshu tongkao, 10 volumes of Zhouyi Tongyi, 4 volumes of xingfengwei, Zhongyong Zhangzhi, etc. After his death, Shao Wu built a "autumn sound Pavilion" for him, and a statue stood in Shao Wu's glossy Xiangxian temple. In 2001, his book Shangshu tongkao was listed in the first batch of Chinese rare books.

Selected Poems

[Dongyang daozhong]

Out of the valley, the smoke is thin, and through the forest, the sun is slanting. The bank collapses, the road twists and turns, and the wood falls.

Wild pestles make spring water, mountain bridges make shallow sand. Before the village Sapium ripe, suspected to be early plum.

【

Morning trip to Qianshan

When you get up early and say goodbye to the forest, the neighbor chicken will howl again. The string of the moon is straight and the handle of the bucket is high.

Fine dampness invades Chenopodium, light cold invades cloth robe. In front of the East, on the sun, five colors move the clouds.

【

Crossing Shimen Liang'an Gorge

The painting and calligraphy ship head carries the liquor to return, Cangzhou slants, the day separates the wind and the fog. A pair of white birds carrying people, countless green hills like horses.

Sky rain fan Liang gorge, shuixinyun temple stone door open. There are guests like Gao Li who travel together, but they are ashamed to give them Xiantai.

Chinese PinYin : Huang Zhen Cheng