Huang Shu
Huang Shu
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Huang Shu, a forester and forestation technologist, is one of the pioneers of mass forestation in New China. In the sandy area of Western Hebei Province in northern Shanxi Province, farmers were organized to cooperate in the construction of shelterbelts, which played a leading role in the national key afforestation in the early days of the founding of new China. It is suggested that rural forest farms, fast-growing and high-yield forests and timber forest bases should be established. The monograph "afforestation technology in China" edited by the chief editor comprehensively and systematically studied and summarized the technical experience of artificial afforestation in China, and improved the technical guide for large-scale afforestation and forest classification management.
Profile
Huang Shu
(1921 -) formerly known as Huang Mingshu. He is from Taishan, Guangdong Province. Forester, forestation technology expert. He was admitted to the Forestry Department of Chongqing Central University in 1944, went to Zhangjiakou liberated area in 1946, and joined the Communist Party of China in 1949.
He once served as the director of Jixi shahuang Afforestation Bureau of the Ministry of agriculture of the Northeast People's government. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, he successively served as director of the afforestation department of the Ministry of forestry, President and professor level senior engineer of the Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences, deputy director of the science and Technology Committee of the Ministry of forestry, the first and second executive directors of the Chinese forestry society, and director of the China greening foundation. He is an alternate member of the 12th CPC Central Committee, a representative of the 13th CPC National Congress, and a member of the 7th CPPCC National Committee.
In 1947, people were organized to build shelterbelts in Daying sandstorm area of Fanshi County, Shanxi Province. Later, he led the greening and desertification control work in six counties, including Zhengding and Xinle in Western Hebei. His works include history of forestry science and technology in China, afforestation technology in China, and Liang Xi, an outstanding pioneer of forestry in China.
Life of the characters
Huang Shu, formerly known as Huang Mingshu and formerly known as Huang Shu, was born in Taishan County, Guangdong Province (now Taishan City) in 1921, a patriotic family of overseas Chinese workers. His elder brother studied in Shanghai in the early 1930s and was enthusiastic about the Anti Japanese patriotic movement. He often sent the works of Lu Xun, Zou Taofen and other progressive writers. After reading them, Huang Shu was deeply educated. He loved his motherland since childhood, was eager to learn, and made outstanding achievements. When I was in University, I got the scholarship of Chinese Agricultural Association twice.
When Huang Shu studied in Chongqing Central University from 1944 to 1946, the war of resistance against Japan turned from hard years to final victory. The struggle between the patriotic progressive forces and the reactionary forces was very fierce. Zhou Enlai and the underground Party organizations of the Communist Party of China have close ties with Liang Xi, Gan duo and other professors of Central University. Liang Xi was also the tutor of Huang Shu's graduation thesis. Teachers and students got along day and night, talking about the current situation and the CPC's principles and policies, which made Huang Shu's thoughts suddenly clear and actively participated in the students' patriotic and democratic movement.
In April 1946, Zhou Enlai instructed the underground Party organizations to select a group of graduating college students near Chongqing to work in Zhangjiakou liberated area for the needs of the foreign affairs work of the Communist Party of China and to prepare for the founding of the people's Republic of China. Huang Shu learned that, not afraid of difficulties and obstacles, resolutely joined the ranks. Before leaving, Liang Xi earnestly encouraged: "it's very good to work in the liberated areas! Serving the people is of great use. " This very kind instruction made Huang Shu unforgettable.
In the spring of 1947, under the leadership of the government of Shanxi Chahar Hebei border region, Huang Shu and others organized farmers to build windbreak and sand fixation forests in the sandstorm area of Fanshi County in northern Shanxi, and for the first time carried out the construction of large-scale windbreak forests in the liberated area of North China. At the beginning of 1949, Huang Shu was the director of Jixi shahuang Afforestation Bureau of the Ministry of agriculture of the North China People's government, and joined the Communist Party of China. The bureau works closely with the local government to organize farmers to cooperate in afforestation. Within three years, the afforestation plan of forest belt, forest network and forest patches was completed in the sandy wasteland of more than 30000 hectares in the west of Hebei Province. It has played an exemplary role in carrying out key afforestation in the early days of the founding of new China.
In 1953, Huang Shu was transferred to the afforestation department of the Ministry of forestry. He successively served as the leader of the shelter forest department, timber forest department, technology department and the whole department for 30 years. In order to improve the quality of afforestation during the first five year plan period, he put forward a series of effective measures, such as investigation and design before afforestation, inspection and acceptance after afforestation. After 1957, he led the working group to go deep into the collective forest region of southern China, and summed up the experience of running forest farms, cultivating fast-growing and high-yield forests and building timber forest bases in rural areas, which was valued by the leaders of the Ministry of forestry and popularized throughout the country. Around 1978, Huang Shu and relevant scientific and technological personnel investigated the "Three Norths" and other shelterbelts, and put forward the suggestions of adjusting measures to local conditions, comprehensive management, implementing artificial afforestation, closing hillsides (sand) for afforestation, aircraft seeding and managing the existing forests, so as to improve the ecological environment and ensure economic development, which promoted the development of China's shelterbelt project towards the direction of comprehensive shelterbelt system construction.
From 1982 to 1986, Huang Shu was the president of the Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences. He cooperated with his colleagues to do a good job in scientific research and basic construction urgently needed in daily life. He moved the Tropical Forestry Research Institute in remote rural areas to Guangzhou and established a base in Kunming. At the same time, it actively cultivates scientific and technological talents, carries out scientific and technological system reform and carries out international cooperation, thus creating favorable conditions for the further development of the Institute.
In the autumn of 1986, at the age of 65, Huang shunian was transferred back to the Ministry of forestry as vice chairman of the second and third sessions of the science and Technology Committee. As always, he devoted himself with great enthusiasm to invigorating forestry through science and technology, studied assiduously and wrote books. His main works include: Afforestation Technology in China (chief editor), history of forestry science and technology in China (deputy chief editor), outstanding pioneer of forestry in China -- Liang Xi (deputy chief editor), etc.
At the 12th National Congress of the Communist Party of China in 1982, Huang Shu was elected as an alternate member of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. In 1987, he was elected as a deputy to the 13th National Congress of the Communist Party of China. After 1988, he served as a member of the seventh and eighth CPPCC National Committee. He also served as the first and second executive directors of China forestry society, the first executive director of China Flower Association, and the director of China greening foundation.
Technical achievements
In the summer of 1946, Huang Shu and Wang Lin went from Zhangjiakou City to Daying District of Fanshi County, the old liberated area of northern Shanxi Province. This is the birthplace of the Hutuo River. The terrain is very cold and the wind is raging. It is said that "there are 13 provinces in the world and Daying is the main wind tunnel" since ancient times. The cultivated land along the river is often damaged by wind and sand. Since the spring of 1947, they have organized 14 villages to build windbreak and sand fixation forest in Daying area, and summarized and popularized the "bow layering method" of willow branches created by local old farmers, so that both ends of the branches take root in the soil, and new seedlings grow into forest in the middle, so as to resist the invasion of drought and sand. In the spring of 1948, Dong Biwu, the leader of the CPC Central Committee, visited Daying. When he found a newly built windbreak and sand fixation forest along the river, he repeatedly praised it as "a feat of afforestation by the masses". Soon after, Beiyue daily in the border region made a front page headline, reporting that the windbreak forest was built by the main air duct in Daying, and asking all localities to learn and promote this typical experience.
In August 1948, Huang Shu merged with the agriculture and Forestry Department of the border region government into the Ministry of agriculture of North China. At that time, there were about 35000 hectares of sandy wasteland along the Beijing Han railway in Western Hebei. The Ministry of agriculture of North China learned from the experience of the masses in Daying, and prepared to carry out sandy wasteland afforestation in Western Hebei, and sent Huang Shu and others to carry out investigation and planning.
In February 1949, the Ministry of agriculture of North China set up the Afforestation Bureau in Nanhua village, Zhengding County, the distribution center of sand wasteland in Western Hebei Province. Huang Shu was appointed to be in charge of the Bureau. At that time, Huang Shu was only 27 years old. At the beginning, there were only four cadres in the overall situation. They borrowed the houses of the villagers and put together the two months' advance food money and food stamps as the preparation expenses to actively carry out their work. Since then, the number of cadres has increased to more than 30. Huang Shu fully mobilized everyone's enthusiasm and creativity, and cooperated closely with the local government. First, he did a good job in survey and design; then, he carried out experimental research on seedling raising and afforestation technology; he started technical training courses; he founded afforestation bulletin and compiled various technical manuals. Due to the popularization and application of field seedling raising and afforestation in three seasons a year, and the implementation of private and public assistance, farmers were entrusted to raise seedlings and organize public-private cooperation for afforestation, which greatly accelerated the progress of afforestation. By 1952, the afforestation plan for sandy wasteland in Western Hebei was basically completed. After the founding of the people's Republic of China, the Afforestation Bureau of sandy wasteland in Western Hebei was led by the Ministry of forest reclamation. Soon after taking office, Minister Liang Xi visited western Hebei. When he saw that the sandy wasteland along the old Shahe River had been planted with windbreaks, he thought that the ideal of greening the motherland, which he had been dreaming of for many years, would come true! He was so excited that he wrote a poem to express his boundless joy, entitled "the green poplar and white poplar forest on the sandy wasteland along the old Shahe River in Western Hebei":
He Tuo is a green poplar, and Xiao is a white poplar,
It's the outstanding head and horn, and it's very graceful.
Driven by the demonstration in Western Hebei Province, afforestation organizations have been established one after another in the main sandstorm areas of northern China to carry out mass afforestation.
In 1954, Huang Shu and other places investigated the development of timber forests, and found that the general afforestation quality was poor and the survival rate was low, mainly because many areas could not keep up with the needs of afforestation in the aspects of investigation and design, seedling quality and afforestation technical guidance. Therefore, it was suggested that all provinces organize afforestation investigation and design teams, strengthen seed collection and seedling raising and technical guidance, establish afforestation inspection and acceptance system, and so on And so on. After the implementation of these measures by the Ministry of forestry, they have played a positive role in improving the quality of afforestation and accelerating the development of timber forests.
In the winter of 1957, Huang Shu led the working group to go deep into the forest areas of Southeast Guizhou and West Hunan to investigate the experience of the masses in cultivating Chinese fir forests, and found that several Chinese fir plantations that had been mature for more than 10 years grew twice as fast as the general ones. Then the experience of cultivating fast-growing and high-yield forest by old farmers was summarized, which attracted the attention of leaders. He also summed up the experience of building rural forest farms in Huangmei County, Hubei Province, which played an important role in promoting the development of rural forest farms.
In August 1958, the Ministry of forestry held a national forest high yield on-the-spot meeting in the south
Chinese PinYin : Huang Shu
Huang Shu
