Huang Shen
Huang Shen
Huang Shen (June 14, 1687-1772) was born in Ninghua, Fujian Province. His first name was Sheng, and his characters were Gongshou, GONGMAO, GONGMAO, juzhuang, yingpiaozi and Donghai Buyi. Poor family, then learn painting, good at figures, landscapes, flowers and birds. His figure paintings have a wide range of subjects. They not only draw immortals, Buddhists and historical celebrities, but also draw materials from folk life. They create the images of the lower class people such as trackers, beggars, hooligans and fishermen, which are very rare among ancient painters. During the reign of Emperor Kangxi, he went to Yangzhou to sell paintings. He is an outstanding calligrapher and painter in Qing Dynasty and one of the "eight monsters in Yangzhou". Be friendly with Zheng Xie. He was good at cursive, and then he drew with cursive strokes. He can also write poems. There is Jiaohu poetry note.
When Huang Shen was 14 years old, his father died in Hunan Province, and his two younger sisters died one after another. His family was very poor. In order to make a living, his mother ordered him to learn painting and take pictures. When he was 16 years old, he left home to become a teacher. He studied hard and studied hard, and his painting skills improved day by day.
Life of the characters
Huang Shen
He was born on May 5 (June 14) in 1687, the 26th year of Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty. He was 84 years old in 1770, and died at an unknown age. He lost his father when he was young. He made a living selling paintings and supported his mother. At first he studied painting with Shangguan Zhou, then he left home and sold paintings in Yangzhou many times. Fang was 18 or 19 years old. He was living in Xiao temple. He painted in the daytime and studied in the light of the Buddha. His art is good at both, travel Yuzhang, Li Wu, Yue, Kangxi fifty-eight years (1719) to Yangzhou painting, people competing for guests.
In 1727, he lived in Yangzhou and returned to Fujian. Zheng Xie presented poems to him.
In 1751, Huang Shen's mother died. He returned to Yangzhou and lived there for six years before returning to his hometown.
Qianlong 33 years (1768) year 82, still make flower book. Careful with cursive script, FA huaisu. When drawing figures, he mostly took fairy stories as the subject matter. He first learned Shangguan Zhou, and then he used wild grass to draw. The style of writing is unrestrained, the atmosphere is majestic, and it goes deep into the ancient method. Occasionally, it hurts the rhyme. The landscape, flowers and birds are intercropped to create a wasteful landscape. Many historical figures, Buddhists and Taoists, woodcutters and fishermen are depicted. They were meticulous in their early years, and then they took part in huaisu's cursive brushwork. The brushwork of the characters is rough, abrupt, vertical and horizontal, and majestic. Flower and bird strokes are refined, the image is generalized, and the painting style is pungent; the landscape realm is broad, and the poetic expression is emphasized.
personal works
The painting of Shangshan Sihao, Luya, Jiaohu Shicao, etc.
artistic characteristics
Huang Shen is good at figures, landscapes, flowers and birds, and most prominent in figure painting. His subjects are mostly gods, Buddhists and historical figures, and there are also some images in real life, which are mostly drawn from folk life. Many of his works portray the images of lower class characters such as trackers, beggars, refugees and fishermen. For example, the painting of group beggars is drawn from real life to describe beggars living in the streets and being bullied in famine years Ling's tragic pictures show his sympathy for the sufferings of the people. The painting of immortals, Buddhism and Taoism, such as the painting of drunken people, is characterized by large scale, bold and bold colors, and vivid charm. The painting of Dongpo playing with inkstone depicts the literati's life. It is characterized by its quick brush, sharp clothing pattern, hard lines, thick and light ink, dignified and full of momentum.
Xu Wei, the patriarchal clan of his flower and bird painting, is also free and unrestrained, such as the painting of vase plum and the painting of chrysanthemum and crab. Although his landscape is not named for landscape, he has certain attainments in landscape painting. Both large and small landscapes are wonderful, natural and graceful. His representative landscape works are like the painting of fishing return. Two willows are graceful and vigorous, standing on the steep rocks, light ink and ochre sweeping out of the beach, two fishing boats in the middle scene, one stroke drawing out the side of the boat, the characters in the boat, the expression distinguishing right, and three cursive painting poems in the left corner of the picture Line, poetry, books, paintings, printing closely together, naturally appropriate.
Huang Shen is good at cursive calligraphy. His calligraphy is the "two kings" of calligraphy, and he has the style of huaisu. He comes out of Zhangcao, and his vigorous brush is also used in painting. Therefore, the pictures are mostly dry, white and fast. Huang Shen's cursive calligraphy is full of scattered and orderly stippling. Critics say that it is like sparse landscape and slanting, with the taste of "painting in the characters". His calligraphy is out of Zhangcao, so it is difficult to understand, so he imitates it He is not many, but he is not fashionable and dare to be innovative. His cursive script is not ignorant of the ancient method, and it is difficult to distinguish the traces of the ancients. He does not emphasize the density of the composition. Instead, he uses the square and tumbling strokes to highlight the sonorous rhythm of stippling, presenting a picture of falling heroes, colorful beads, bouncing and interesting. His representative work "Cao Ting Fei Wan bamboo poem cursive script axis" is as strange as the silhouette of pines and cypresses, and its stippling is as thick and light as the twigs of flowers and leaves. It is really not a book, not a painting, but also a painting. It can be called a spectacle.
Personal achievement
Huang Shen's poetry, calligraphy, painting is known as the three unique. He has been to Yangzhou three times and stayed for a long time. He has friendly contacts with Zheng Banqiao, Li (Shan) and so on. He is one of the "eight monsters of Yangzhou".
When he was 18 or 9 years old, he lived in Xiao temple. He painted in the daytime and studied hard at night under the light of the Buddha. All the characters, flowers and birds, mountains and waters, buildings, insects and fish, etc. are indispensable, but he is not satisfied with them. Once he saw his husband's works, he said, "my teacher's unique skills are hard to win fame. If you want to be self-supporting and famous, how can you stay behind others?"
Summing up his life, he said with emotion: "I have studied painting since I was 14 or 5 years old, but there are always those who stand out from their chest. They look up and think about it, suddenly realize it, and say with emotion:" I don't work in painting, so I don't read. " So he took Mao's poems, Sanli's, Shi Han's, Jin Song's, Du Han's five character poems and the middle and late Tang's poems, and read jingsigao to follow the sundial. At the same time, he praised the rise and fall of insects, plants and trees at the four seasons. The clothes, hats and ritual utensils of the past dynasties were as fine as Kui's, snake Phoenix's, Diao's and Diao's It is this kind of meditation, forgetting to eat and sleep, and hard work that makes Huang Shencai grow up from a small painter to a famous poet and painter.
”Zheng Banqiao gave it as a gift to the poem: "when you look at the ancient temples, you can see the traces of moss. You are used to writing about the barren ends and the roots of trees. When you paint the spirit, you can see that there is no truth and there is a true soul."
Huang Shen is also an artist with both poetic talent and painting skills. His poems are as elegant as rocks and mist. He is able to create an extraordinary scene. His book "Jiaohu Shichao" is handed down from generation to generation.
In his early years, Huang Shen learned from Shangguan Zhou, and made more meticulous brushwork. After Huang Gongwang, Ni Zan and middle age, they absorbed Xu Wei's brushwork and changed it into freehand brushwork. They also wrote cursive and Zhangcao. They tried to use cursive calligraphy to draw. Their brushwork was unrestrained and magnificent. They went deep into the ancient method, but some of them had broken the rhyme.
Works market
Huang Shen's calligraphy and paintings are widely spread, and most of them are stored in major museums in China. There are many paintings in the Palace Museum in Beijing, such as the painting of Shushi holding inkstone and the painting of Yugui in Yangzhou Museum.
Huang Shen's paintings were well-known in the Yongzheng period, "the ruler and the paper are very beautiful, and the world strives for treasures.". It can be seen that his works had a high price at that time. In addition, Huang Shen often made self-evaluation on his paintings by category. The most satisfied ones were entitled with poems, the second ones were aware of the time, and the third ones were only marked with "yingpiao".
Nowadays, Huang Shen's works enter the market more often. They began to be auctioned in the late 1980s, and have appeared every year since then. The price fluctuation is not big, and it is relatively stable, but not too high. The level of Huang Shen's works is equal to that of other painters in the eight monsters, and lower than that of the four painters in Wumen.
Social evaluation
Huang Shen's achievements were warmly praised and highly praised by his teacher Shangguan Zhou. He said, "we have Huang Sheng in our family, and after the right army of the Jews there is Lu Gong."
influence
As a painter, Huang Shen's influence on later generations -- min Zhen in Qing Dynasty, Wang Zhen in modern Shanghai, Su liupeng in Guangdong, Li Xia and Li Geng in Fujian, and Li Chucai in southern Liaoning all learned from Huang Shen. Qi Baishi also fell in love with Huang Shen: "when I saw Huang yingpiao's picture album from Huang Jingren, I realized that Yu's paintings were too similar in shape and had no transcendental interest. Decided to make a big change from now on. If you want to scold, don't listen to it; if you want to praise, don't like it. "There were no less than hundreds of painters in the former dynasty. Besides yingpiao, Qingteng and dadizi, they were all similar in shape. I'm sorry that I'm not as good as Sangong and I can't teach him.
Anecdotes and allusions
The story of Huang Shen's four visits to Yangzhou:
Huang Shen is one of the representatives of Yangzhou painting school. He is good at figure painting, steady and neat. When he first arrived in Yangzhou, some people who knew how to draw seemed to persuade him: "the ancients painted many fine brushwork figures, and people got used to them. If you go this way again, how can you get ahead? You might as well take the road of freehand brushwork. " Huang Shen felt uncomfortable, but he felt reasonable. He immediately went back to his hometown and practiced freehand brushwork for three years. He realized that he had made great progress, so he went to Yangzhou for two years. If his paintings were really appreciated. Not long ago, someone said: "you are freehand brushwork, but the font on your painting is too correct, and the characters are not commensurate with the painting." He understood it and went back to southern Fujian to practice cursive script for three years. When he went to Yangzhou three times with his calligraphy and paintings, the name of the painting had greatly increased. Once, a scholar came to buy his paintings. After looking at them, he said, "the figures are bold and exaggerated, and the style of writing is vivid and powerful. It's just that there are only year names on the paintings, and there are no poems and articles. It seems that there is a fly in the ointment." Huang Shen deserves to be a man of modest mind. He put on his clothes and went back to his hometown. He studied poetry and prose for three years. When he went to Yangzhou, he was already a master of "poetry, calligraphy and painting".
Commemoration of later generations
In Ninghua, Huang Shen's native place, he is highly respected by people, and there is a statue of Huang Shen in the local border trade city.
Chinese PinYin : Huang Shen
Huang Shen
