Yu Xuanji

Yu Xuanji

Yu Xuanji, female, is a poet of the late Tang Dynasty and a native of Chang'an (now Xi'an, Shaanxi Province). Its original name is Yu Youwei, and its name is Cymbidium. In Xiantong (age of Tang Yizong, 860-874), Li Yi's concubine was a buque. Li's wife could not tolerate her. She became a nun in Changan xianyiguan. He made a lot of friends with Wen Tingyun. Later, he was executed by Jing Zhaoyin Wenzhang on the charge of killing his maidservant. Yu Xuanji is intelligent, talented, good at reading, especially in poetry. Together with Li Ye, Xue Tao and Liu caichun, they are known as the four major poetesses of the Tang Dynasty. Fifty of his poems are still in existence, which are collected in the whole Tang Dynasty. There is a volume of yuxuanji. His deeds can be seen in the biography of Tang talented scholars and other books.

Yu Xuanji's life has no official history. Although Yu Xuanji's name has been passed down for thousands of years, because he is not an official, his official writings can't leave a single word. His biographical materials can be found in Huangfu's Sanshui Xiaodu in the late Tang Dynasty, sun Guangxian's BEIMENG Suoyan in the early Song Dynasty and Xin Wenfang's biography of Tang Caizi in the Yuan Dynasty. In addition, there are some short sentences in Taiping Guangji, Nanbu Xinshu, zhizhai Shulu Jieti and quantang Shi. There are few records of Yu Xuanji either in official history or in Yezhi, so most of the research on Yu Xuanji lies in his poems. His works include yuxuanji collection, and there are as many as 50 poems in existence, which are included in the whole Tang poetry.

Life of the characters

(Yu Xuanji has few historical materials, and this chronicle is for reference only.)

One year old. In 844 (the fourth year of Tang Huichang), he was born in Xudu, named Yu Youwei.

About five years old. In about 849 (the third year of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Dynasty), he moved to Ying to study.

About ten years old. In about 854 (the eighth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), he returned to xundou and met Wen Tingyun. Yu Youwei wrote "selling residual peonies", Wen Tingyun wrote "TIYU Du's country house" and "going to Pei's forest to explore fishing rod with friends in spring".

About eleven years old. In about 855 (the ninth year of Xuanzong's Dazhong reign), according to the record of Yinhua, "in the ninth year of Dazhong reign, Shen inquired the Shilang and gave up the people's knowledge by Zhongshu.". In the Tang Dynasty, Zhao Xun wrote "yinhualu" Volume 6 and "Yunxi Youyi" Volume 8: "shenshangshu inquired in Luzhou, and Xuanzong ruled Chunwei for nine years." Zhishen Xun presided over the scientific examination in this year. According to Volume 13 of "Tang Zhiyan", Shen Shilang (inquiry) of Beishan specially called Wen feiqing to try it in front of the curtain Wen Tingyun lost thousands of words and took the post of Captain Fang Shan. Yu Youwei wrote "early autumn" and Wen Tingyun wrote "early autumn mountain residence".

Fourteen years old. In the spring of 858 (the 12th year of Dazhong), Li Yi, the number one scholar, wrote poems by Chongzhen Guan, met Li Yi, and married him in the match of Wen Tingyun. At that time, Li Yi had a wife.

Fourteen years old. In 858 (the 12th year of Dazhong), Wen Tingyun wrote "sitting late to send friends" and Yu Youwei wrote "winter night to send Wen feiqing".

Fifteen years old. In the autumn of 859 (the 13th year of Dazhong), Yu Youwei wrote "feeling for others", and Ting Yun made peace with "the villa in the suburbs". Youwei will give it to you again with Wen Li Duangong's fishing return and to her neighbor's daughter.

Fifteen years old. In the winter of 859, I went to Jiangling. On the way, I wrote "spring love to Zian.".

Sixteen years old. In 860 (the spring of the first year of Xiantong), he was looking for relatives in Jiangling and wrote "the three sisters of guangweili are lonely and beautiful, but they are the best couple. Although Xie Jialian and Xue are together, why do they have guests from the capital to show their charm?". In the autumn of that year, he wrote "Jiangling sad hope to send Zian", "send Zian across the Hanjiang River", "Xilin xinju Qijiu", "send Zian" and "reward Li Shiji to bed". He also wrote Ji feiqing for help, Wen Tingyun for early autumn and Yu Youwei for harmony. On September 9, the double ninth day was in Jingzhou, waiting for Wen Tingyun to write "Double Ninth blocking rain" and "friends blocking rain".

Seventeen. In the spring of 861 (the second year of Xiantong), he wrote Fu De Jiang Bian Liu (a riverside tree), love letter to Li Zian (a love letter to Li Zian), and late spring feelings to friends.

Seventeen. In the autumn of 861 (the second year of Xiantong), Youwei decided to travel to the East. Wen Tingyun and Youwei wrote "farewell" respectively. The ship sailed along the Yangtze River and wrote "river journey" and "crossing Ezhou (today's Wuchang)". He went ashore in Wuchang to write reminiscence, summer mountain residence, tiyin fog Pavilion and jiguoxiang. Wen Tingyun wrote to send a friend in the mountains, Yu Youwei wrote to send a friend in the mountains, and Wen Tingyun wrote to send a friend in the mountains. If you can't find a family, you Wei will join the Taoist school and write the following works: Interview with Zhao Lianshi, send a title to Lianshi, and title to Ren Chushi to create Zifu temple.

Eighteen years old. In the spring of 862 (the third year of Xiantong), Youwei returned to Chang'an and wrote "late spring is what happens". At this time, he successively received Wen Tingyun's "late spring from Zhugong to friends of Qin" and "Xijiang yidiao old man Qiansheng" (Xijiang to friends Qiansheng). So he wrote the rhyme with friends.

Nineteen years old. In 863 (the fourth year of Xiantong), he worked in Jiedu Prefecture of Zhaoyi.

Twenty two years old. In 866 (the seventh year of Xiantong), he became a monk in xianyiguan and changed his name to Yu Xuanji.

Twenty three years old. In 867 (the eighth year of Xiantong), he resigned and went back to Chang'an to write "pay Li Ying for fishing in summer". In autumn, Li Yi came to Chang'an to write zuomingchang from Zezhou to Beijing and welcome Li Jinren.

Twenty four years old. In the spring of 868 (the ninth year of Xiantong), Wen Tingyun was entrusted to send Li Yi back to his home, and Wen wrote "send Li Yi back to the East". He wrote two poems of He Xin and mourning in Xianyi temple, and Wen Tingyun wrote two poems of mourning with his friends. He also wrote "mourning for others" and "grieving with a friend" by Wen Tingyun. Then she was arrested and jailed for killing her maidservant, Lvqiao, for jealousy. After being rescued from prison, he changed his name to Yu Youxian or Yu Youxuan.

Twenty five years old. In the early spring of 869 (the tenth year of Xiantong), Yu Xuanji wrote "to send the lying cloud Taoist".

27 years old. In 871 (the 12th year of Xiantong), he was executed.

Documentation

Sanshui Xiaodu

Yu Xuanji, a female Taoist in Xianyi Temple of Xijing, is also a female advocate in Chang'an. Since the color of the country, thinking is absorbed. I like reading, especially singing. The age of broken melon is full of ambition. At the beginning of the reign of Xiantong, it was born in Xianyi, and the beautiful words of enjoying the wind and the moon were often spread in the literati. However, Cymbidium is weak and can't support itself. It's called by chivalry again. It's from travel. Therefore, the romantic scholars, who strive for sex or wine, will sing the harp and write poems, and sometimes laugh at the waves. The ignorant scholars regard themselves as lacking. His poems are as follows: "Qimo looks far away in spring, Yao Hui is prosperous in autumn", and "gallant and speechless, red tears flow together", and "burning incense and climbing jade altar, offering a simple gift to Jin Que", and "sentimental and depressed, fighting for dreams, immortal appearance is long, fragrant and better than flowers" This number is unique. A girl said green Qiao, also bright color. Suddenly one day, the opportunity was invited by the neighboring hospital, and it was about to go. He said, "if I go out, if there is a guest, but the cloud is somewhere." The machine was left by her companion, and she returned to the hospital at dusk. Green Qiao welcomed the door and said, "when a certain guest comes, he knows that the trainer is not here. He will not give up the bridle and go away." Customers are those who are intimate with each other, and they are interested in their private affairs. And the night, Zhang dengjian household, is life tilted into lying inside the message. Qiao said: "I've been in charge of washing for several years, and I've really been self disciplined. It seems that I've made a mistake, which leads to disobedience and respect. When a customer arrived at the door, he closed the door and said, "the trainer is not here." The guest speechless rode away. If you don't have love in your heart, you will be lucky enough to be a teacher. " The more angry he was, the more naked he was. Then he asked for a cup of water to sprinkle on the ground and said: "the trainer wanted to live a long life in Sanqing Dynasty, but he didn't forget the joy of the pillow. Instead, he made a deep guess and falsely accused Zhenzheng. Now he would die in a poisonous hand. If there is no heaven, there will be no complaint. If there is, who can suppress my strong soul? Vow not to be stupid in the dark, even if you are lost. " The end of words is the end of the earth. Fear of opportunity is buried in the back court of Kan. It is said that people have no knowledge. It was the first month of spring when Xiantong Wuzi was born. Some people ask about the spring rain, then say: "spring rain Ji escape." If you have a banquet in the machine room, you can see dozens of flies gathering on the ground when you bury them in the back court. If you look at them carefully, they will be bloody and fishy. When a guest comes out, he steals his servant. When the servant returns, he will reply to his brother. His elder brother is a pawn in Fu Street. He tries to be perfect at the opportunity. He ignores the opportunity and holds the title of the pawn. Hearing this, I suddenly came to the gate of the temple to wait. When I saw my words, I was surprised not to see the entrance and exit of green Qiao. The street soldiers call again and count the soldiers. They bring the tools and burst into the Xuanji courtyard to send them, and the green Qiao looks like life. The death then recorded the mystery, and the words of the officials were subdued, while most of the scholars in the dynasty were the speakers. The mansion is listed on the table, but in autumn it was killed. In prison, there is also a poem saying: "the moon shines on the secluded gap, and the breeze opens the short skirt." This is also the beauty.

Biography of the talented scholars of the Tang Dynasty

Xuanji, a native of Chang'an, is also a female Taoist. He is intelligent and good at reading. He has a special work style and complicated feelings. Xiantong Zhongji was Li Yi's favorite. The wife was jealous and could not be tolerated. Yifa Li Xian was suitable for the observation and wearing. There is a complaint about Li Shiyun: "it's easy to seek priceless treasure, but it's rare to have a heart." It is close to Li yingduangong in the same lane, but the poems are more concise. When he made friends with Wen Tingyun, he sent some articles to him. After tasting the South Tower of Chongzhen temple, seeing the new Jinshi's title, he wrote a poem and said, "Yunfeng is full of spring feelings, and the silver hook points to the next life. I hate Luoyi's poems, and I admire the middle name of the list In view of his intense ambition, he must be a useful man. At that time, all the ladies in the palaces of the capital were very handsome, holding stars and dragging the moon, but they chanted themselves. They had outstanding mysteries, and most of them were entertaining. There is a collection of poems, which is now handed down.

Handed down works

Yu Xuanji's poems are one volume in the world, with 49 poems in it. The National Library of China (North picture) has a Southern Song Dynasty edition of Tang girl Yu Xuanji's poems. In addition, Yu Xuanji's "broken willows" is included in Wenyuan Yinghua, which is not found in the collection. Therefore, there are 50 Yu Xuanji's poems.

The song version of Yu Xuanji's poem of Tang girl in the North picture is engraved by Chen Jieyuan's book shop of Chen Qi in the Song Dynasty. At the end of the volume is engraved with "book shop seal of Lin'an mansion shed, North Muqin square and South Chen house". This book was collected by Zhu chengjue, Xiang yuanbian and other book collectors in Ming Dynasty. In 1803 (the eighth year of Jiaqing in Qing Dynasty), it was also obtained by Huang pilie, a great collector of books. In 1916 (the fifth year of the Republic of China), it fell into yuan Kewen's hands again. Later, it came out for the collection of beitu and eventually became a national collection.

Yu Xuanji's main poems are as follows

Chinese PinYin : Yu Xuan Ji