Liu Zhengzong

Liu Zhengzong

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Liu Zhengzong (1594-1661), a minister in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, was a city dweller in Anqiu, Shandong Province.

Born in a scholarly family, he was the first in the county examination in 1625 (the fifth year of the Apocalypse), and was elected in the township examination in August 1627 (the seventh year of the Apocalypse).

In March of 1628 (the first year of Chongzhen), he was a Jinshi. He successively served as the manager of Zhending Prefecture, the editor of Hanlin academy, the lecturer and reader of Donggong, the assistant examiner of rites department.

In 1644 (the first year of the reign of emperor Shunzhi of the Qing Dynasty), he took his family members south to Jinling to avoid war. In May of the next year, after the Qing troops broke Jinling, they returned to Anqiu with their families.

Personal life

After the Qing army established its capital in Beijing, he used the old ministers of the Ming Dynasty. He repeatedly received imperial edicts. He took office in Beijing in the first month of 1646. He has successively served as editor of neihanlin Academy of national history, deputy chief examiner of the Ministry of rites, Bachelor of assistant lecturer, Bachelor of assistant lecturer of neihanlin Academy of national history, Bachelor of secretary academy, right servant of Ministry of official, Bachelor of Hongwen Academy of Hanlin, Secretary of Ministry of official, etc.

In May 1655 (the 12th year of Shunzhi), he was removed from the post of minister of the Ministry of official affairs, and returned to Hongwen academy to add Shaobao and crown prince Taibao. Soon, he was transferred to be a Bachelor of the Secretary Academy.

In 1657 (the fourteenth year of Shunzhi), when the first grade performance appraisal was completed, he was promoted to Shaofu and crown prince Taifu, and was granted the title of Guanglu doctor. In August of the next year, the Qing Court changed the court into a cabinet, in which Shaofu and wenhuadian were also in charge of the Ministry of rites, advising the court on confidential matters. His articles, poems, songs and Fu were especially appreciated by Shunzhi. He was not only a favorite of emperor Shunzhi, but also a close friend of literature and ink. In his later years, Emperor Shunzhi was obsessed with Buddhism, and he lost his trust by giving advice. His opponents took the opportunity to impeach him on the charges of cracking down on his colleagues and selling and buying illegal salt. Emperor Shunzhi transferred him to the Ministry of officials and the Ministry of narration.

On March 20, 1660 (the 17th year of Shunzhi), Shunzhi read out the memorials to impeach him in public. He wanted him to admit his mistake and try to reconcile. However, he was furious and tried to argue. Shunzhi was so angry that he placed him in the Department of justice. He was lenient and could not die. Half of his family property was in the flag, and he was not allowed to return home. All his relatives and friends were implicated in the past. He died on December 20, 1661 (the 18th year of Shunzhi) and was sent to Xizhimenwai, Beijing.

In 1706, Emperor Kangxi allowed him to be buried. In September of the same year, Liu's family transported his coffin back to Anqiu City and re buried it in the tombs of Liu's ancestors in the northeast of the city.

After Emperor Qianlong ascended the throne, he vindicated the unjust and wrong cases in the early Qing Dynasty. He thought that he was upright and upright and had made outstanding achievements since he became an official in the Qing Dynasty. The reason why he was dismissed was due to the factional struggle in the imperial court. There was no crime against the Qing Dynasty. He was also a favorite minister and poetry friend of emperor Shunzhi for many years. Therefore, in the first month of 1737 (the second year of Qianlong), he was ordered to be the temple of emperor Shunzhi. In February of the same year, he issued an imperial edict to resume his original position, conferring the title of Guanglu doctor, Shaofu, and Dabei. All his elders received gifts, and all his juniors received shade.

Personal contribution

Liu Zhengzong is a well read poet, especially a master of five character ancient poetry. He was fond of calligraphy, and his brushwork was excellent. Emperor Shunzhi's famous paintings and calligraphy were identified by him and then returned to the imperial palace for collection. He often gave him his famous paintings, his own paintings and personal inscriptions, and most of the inscriptions and postscripts of the Imperial Palace books were written by him. In order to show his glory, he built "Yumo building" in the prime minister's residence of Anqiu City. His works include the collection of poems of fuzhai, selected poems of yumolou, Mu Tiancao and Xue hongzhaicao. Several volumes of poetry.

Chinese PinYin : Liu Zheng Zong