Liu Yinggui

Liu Yinggui

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Liu Yinggui (1244-1307) was born in Qingyan (now qingyanliu village, Jiangdong Town, Yiwu City) in the late Song Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. He once served as the official of Hangzhou Fu Xue Zheng and Yiwu Jiao Yu. He is indifferent to fame and wealth. After that, he retired and died.

Hiding in the forest

Liu Yinggui was born in a farming and reading family, and no one in his ancestors was an official. Although his father only knew the words for the first time, he was also a "front-line" figure. Whenever there were disputes such as "quarrels" in the village, he could "turn the fight into jade and silk" as soon as he came to the scene. His mother was born in "everybody", virtuous and virtuous. She was the daughter of Huang mengyan, the editor of Hanlin Academy. Liu Yinggui was young and ambitious. He devoted himself to the study of the theory of righteousness, with the ancient sages as his goal. In the first year of Xianchun (1265) of the Southern Song Dynasty, Liu Yinggui entered the Imperial College as a student. Ma Ji, the Prime Minister of the dynasty, admired his character and knowledge and wanted to betroth his own daughter to him. According to the secular eyes, this is a good opportunity to ascend to the top and get rich, but he did not admire vanity and declined politely. He had the courage to refuse to marry before an urgent meeting, which caused an uproar between the government and the public. He was known as the "Jiangnan wonder". At the beginning of the first year of Deyou in the Southern Song Dynasty (1275), the army of Yuan Dynasty had already moved eastward, and cities along the river had been defeated one after another. In November of the same year, the soldiers of the yuan army went straight to Lin'an, the capital of the Southern Song Dynasty. On the eighth day of the first month of the next year, the Yuan Dynasty brought Boyan to Gaoting mountain (now northeast of Hangzhou, Zhejiang). On the fifth day of February, Emperor Gong came down at the end of the south. At this time, Liu Yinggui was showing his talents. Because of the political turmoil, Kyoto of the Southern Song Dynasty was occupied. He witnessed the difficult times and did not want to die as a martyr, so he went back to his hometown with a book. In the south of Nanshan (Shimen mountain), earth houses were built, flowers and trees were planted, and herbs were collected and sold to hide in the forest for 15 years. Liu Yinggui always treats people with sincerity and sincerity, never affectation, unconventional and grandstanding, which is praised by the villagers. The neighbors knew Liu Yinggui's talent, so they all advised him to be an official. However, Liu Yinggui insisted on being poor and self-defense, and refused to agree.

Liu Yinggui's talents finally spread to the capital. In the 23rd year of the Yuan Dynasty (1286), the yuan court sent officials to Yiwu to forcibly use him as the instruction of the city (Yiwu). Later, it was transferred to the head of Yuequan Academy. He has passed successive performance tests and should be promoted. However, due to the mistakes made by the officials who came to investigate, after a while, the Ministry of officials has not received his list. It was not until the 10th year of Dade (1306) that the imperial court sent him to Hangzhou to be the official scholar. He didn't complain. After a period of time, he went back to his hometown with the intention of living in seclusion. On August 20, 1307, Liu Yinggui died of illness at home. He was 64 years old.

Preach and teach

Liu Yinggui has a good appearance, a long beard and a beautiful beard. No one can compare with him in his eloquence. But he is upright and likes to speak up. He is knowledgeable, proficient in ancient and modern times, lecturing in academies, and well quoted. His academic attitude is very rigorous. The basic purpose of the learning is to be practical and practical, and the aim is to be simple and easy. Reading to make clear the meaning of the theory, never far fetched, out of context. Huang Zhen, a literary giant, has a cousin nephew relationship with Liu Yinggui. He has been a teacher of Liu Yinggui since he was a child. He has been assiduous in the past 15 years. In the postscript to Mr. Shannan's collection, he said: "Mr. Yu has been studied for the longest time." He recalled a short essay he wrote when he was a child. Liu Yinggui liked it and greatly appreciated and encouraged it. Later, he was more enthusiastic in reading and guiding it. From then on, Huang's literature and science gradually became better. Liu Yinggui's teaching style is unique. He combines learning with being a man, and attaches importance to the cultivation of learning attitude and habits. Teaching in simple terms, good guidance, a sweep of the "master on the road" of the ancient style. Once, he and his wife were grinding sorghum in a small stone mill at the door, and Huang Zhen wanted to ask a question. I saw my teacher's mother add two grains of sorghum to the stone mill hole, and my husband began to grind it. Huang Yan was puzzled. He asked if this grinding method was time-consuming. Liu Yinggui replied, "if you think about it carefully, you don't have to sift it." Pun, meaning is careful study, you do not have to ask the teacher everything, to cultivate the ability of independent thinking, profound scholarship in ordinary life. Huang was inspired by this and made progress in her studies. Later, she finally became a scholar. Liu Yinggui, as the head of the Academy, under the Enlightenment of his teaching, many students have "led the township recommendation", entered the official career, and made great achievements in the world.

Brilliant Poetry

Liu Yinggui's style of writing is vigorous and handsome, which seems to be swept by the wind and waves. Huang Zhen said in the preface to Xiuchuan Ermiao collection: "my middle-aged and senior poets are famous poets, and Mr. tuishan Nan is a giant." In the postscript to Mr. Shannan's collection, he commented: "since I was young, I have been able to know what's wrong. When I am old, I am more and more determined, and I have lost all my habits. For example, when the wind and rain move, when the flowers and flowers grow in different places, when people see them wandering freely, they can only stop listening to what they want. " In the 23rd year of the Zhiyuan Dynasty (1286), Wu Wei, the former Yiwu county magistrate, retired to Pujiang and founded Yuequan chanting society. With the theme of "spring and countryside", he collected 2735 poems from all over the world. After selection, Liu Yinggui ranked fifth. His poem "rural miscellaneous prosperity" says: there are only a few dogs to protect the door in the daytime, but there is also a peach garden in between. There are no many paths covered by plum and bamboo, and there is another sound of frogs. The withered vines and sticky trees in the corner of the house are alive, and the wild water in the field flows into the muddy stream. I've come to pick up the spring breeze sentence and tell the shaou not to speak.

Liu Yinggui's poems had a profound influence at that time and later generations, and everyone who saw them was convinced. He wrote 6 volumes of dream manuscript, 6 volumes of crazy manuscript and 8 volumes of listening to the rain, 20 volumes in total. Liu Yinggui was an official who enjoyed the imperial salary, but he never made himself known to others. Therefore, people who knew or didn't know him called him "Mr. Shannan", just like a hermit. After his death, Huang Zhen, a student, was very sad. He wrote a piece of Xingshu to express his deep feelings for his disciples, and wrote an elegy to Mr. Shannan to mourn the loss of Qiao Yue. Ding dansha light county magistrate, bag no Coix surprise general. Zhupao years lonely green Jane, stone chamber article stuffy white clouds. Tears do Bahou sad independence, short clothes only one after another high horse.

Huang Zhen highly praised Liu Yinggui's moral articles, saying that he was "a great talent and a great ambition, and a hundred different talents". "I know Mr. AI's poems when I walk on his staff." The annotation of Shannan's posthumous manuscript is made into several volumes of Mr. Shannan's collection, and the postscript is made for it. In the summer, Wu Wei, a hermit in the Qing Dynasty, revisited Mr. Shannan's seclusion in Shanmen mountain with Liu Yuanzhen, preparing to build a room to commemorate him. He left a poem: the stone embraces the clouds, and the room is cut down. The tree shakes flat, the wild color, the valley is hidden, and the spring sounds. The character of "Luo" is half clear. Re search the traces of Gao Shi, recommend chrysanthemum, have a heart to ally.

Liu Shengzhi and Liu Yingkui, who had been living in Shannan seclusion for a long time, wrote, taught and enjoyed their life. Shannan poetry began to be included in the collection of Song Dynasty poets. He was listed in Yuequan poetry club, and served as an academic officer in the early Yuan Dynasty, so he changed to the collection of Yuan Dynasty poets. Now in addition to "county wall nomination", "summer zayong", "pastoral zaxing"

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