Liu Yiqing

Liu Yiqing

Liu Yiqing (403-444) was born in Pengcheng County, Pengcheng county (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). He was a patriarch and writer of the Song Dynasty. Liu Yu, the nephew of Emperor Wu of the Song Dynasty, was the second son of Liu Daolian, King Jing of Changsha. His uncle, Liu daogui, King Linchuan, had no son. He took Liu Yiqing as his heir and became the Duke of Nanjun.

In the first year of Yongchu period (420), he was granted the title of Linchuan king and was appointed as a servant. During the reign of Emperor Wen in Yuanjia, Li Shi Secretary Jian, Danyang Yin, Shangshu Zuo pushe, Zhongshu Ling, Jingzhou CI Shi, etc. His works include the book of the later Han Dynasty, the biography of Xuzhou sages, the biography of Jiangzuo celebrities and the new sayings of the world.

Life of the characters

Liu Yiqing (403-444), Ji Bo, Han nationality, was born in Pengcheng (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province) and lived in Jingkou. In the Southern Dynasty, song clan was a writer. Liu Yu, nephew of Emperor Wu of Song Dynasty, is the second son of Liu Daolian, king of Changsha.

Liu Yiqing had outstanding talent and intelligence since he was a child. He loved literature. Among the kings, he was outstanding and highly valued. When he was 13 years old, he was granted the title of Duke of Nanjun, and then passed on to his uncle Liu daogui, king of Linchuan. He was granted the title of king of Linchuan, and won the trust and courtesy of Emperor Wu and Emperor Wen of Song Dynasty. He served successively as Zuo pushe and Jiangzhou governor.

Main achievements

Jingyin period

At the age of 15, Liu Yiqing came all the way to pingbu Qingyun, where he served as Secretary Supervisor. He was in charge of the books and works of the country. He had the opportunity to contact and browse the Royal classics, and laid a good foundation for the compilation of Shishuoxinyu. At the age of 17, he was promoted to minister Zuo pushe (equivalent to the former Deputy Prime Minister) and became an extremely important official. However, during this period, the dispute between Song Wendi and Liu Yikang became increasingly fierce. Therefore, Liu Yiqing was also afraid of unexpected disaster. At the age of 29, he begged for an external transfer to remove Zuo pushe.

Jingzhou period

Liu Yiqing made great achievements as the governor of Jingzhou. Jingzhou is an important town in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. It has lived a stable life for eight years.

Jiangnan period

Liu Yiqing was appointed governor of Jiangzhou and governor of Southern Yanzhou. At the age of 38, he began to compile a new account of the world, and had frequent contacts with scholars and monks at that time. Later, he returned to Beijing due to illness and died at the age of 41 in Jiankang (now Nanjing), posthumously known as "Kang".

Character evaluation

Liu Yiqing is a man of "simplicity for sex, less lust and love for literature", and can be called a scholar politician. Although he held important posts all his life, his achievements were not good enough. Apart from his lack of enthusiasm, the most important thing was his unwillingness to get involved in the power struggle of the Liu Song royal family. Many scholars gathered in his family. At that time, celebrities such as Yuan Shu, Lu Zhan, he Changyu, Bao Zhao and so on were treated by him.

Unfortunately, as soon as the book Shishuoxinyu was finished, Liu Yiqing left Yangzhou for illness and soon died at the age of 41.

Anecdotes and allusions

Liu Yiqing, who is known in history as a brilliant young man, was appreciated by his uncle Liu Yu. Liu Yu once praised him and said, "this is my Fengcheng." When he was young, he followed Liu Yu to attack Chang'an. When he came back, he was appointed as the general of the auxiliary state of the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the governor of beiqingzhou. He moved to Yuzhou to be the commander of the military and the governor of Yuzhou. After the establishment of Liu Song Dynasty, he served as the king of Linchuan and successively held such important positions as serving the middle school, zhongshuling, Jingzhou governor and so on. At that time, "Jingzhou was the most important place in the upper class, with a vast territory and a strong army. It had a solid army and occupied half of the imperial court.". Because Liu Yiqing was regarded as the best talent in the imperial clan, the imperial court appointed him to undertake such an important position. After that, he was given a series of important posts, such as Sanqi Changshi, Wei general, Jiangzhou Cishi, nanyanzhou Cishi, Kaifu Yitong Sansi and so on.

Main works

Liu Yiqing has written youminglu and xuanyanji, which have been lost. Now only Shishuoxinyu is preserved. Liu xiaobiao of the Liang Dynasty annotated Shishuoxinyu, citing more than 400 books, which paralleled Shishuoxinyu.

Poetry

Black night cry

The cage window won't open. Black night cry. At night I cry to see Lang come.

Poems about alligator Lake

The scene turns to harmony. Plants and trees grow. Plum trees are white. Peaches and apricots shine.

A new account of the world

Liu Yiqing is the editor of this book, not the author. Shi Shuo Xin Yu is a representative work of "Zhi Ren novels" in the Wei, Jin, southern and Northern Dynasties. According to the content, it can be divided into 36 categories, such as "Virtue", "speech", "political affairs", "Literature" and "founder". There are several articles in each category. There are more than 1000 articles in the whole book. Each article is of different length, some with several lines and some with a few words. From then on, we can see the appeal and characteristics of note taking novels.

Shishuoxinyu mainly describes the life and thought of the world, and the situation of the ruling class, reflecting the literati's words and deeds in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and the life of the upper class. The records are rich and true, describing the situation of the times and the political and social environment of the literati at that time, and showing the style of "Wei and Jin idle talk".

Shishuoxinyu, originally 8 volumes, now 3 volumes. It is divided into 36 sections, such as morality, speech, political affairs, literature, founder, magnanimity, appreciation and so on. It mainly records the noble anecdotes of scholar bureaucrats from the end of Eastern Han Dynasty to Jin Dynasty, reflecting the thoughts, life and atmosphere of the literati at that time. Lu Xun once pointed out: "this kind of talk comes from the Qing Dynasty of the Han Dynasty. At the end of the Han Dynasty, the politics was dark, and most famous people talked about politics. At the beginning, they were very powerful in the society. Later, they were envied by the rulers and gradually killed. For example, Kong Rong and Ni Heng were all killed by Cao Cao. Therefore, at the end of the Jin Dynasty, the famous people did not dare to talk about politics any more, but changed to talk about metaphysics. To talk about politics without talking about politics became the so-called free talk. But this kind of free talking celebrities were still very influential in the society at that time. If we can't talk about them in a mysterious way, it seems that they are not qualified as celebrities. The book Shishuo can almost be regarded as a textbook for celebrities. "

In addition, the literary skills of contrast, metaphor, exaggeration and description are well used in Shishuoxinyu, which not only leaves many well-known words and sentences, but also adds infinite luster to the book.

Nowadays, in addition to the value of literary appreciation, the story of characters, literary allusions, and thoughts in Shishuoxinyu are mostly used by later writers, especially for the later notes.

The article "the son of Yang" in Shi Shuo Xin Yu was selected into the tenth lesson of the fifth grade Chinese Volume II of the people's education press.

Shi Shuo Xin Yu was compiled by a group of literati organized by Liu Yiqing. Yiqing is simple in nature, less lustful and fond of literary meaning. It is necessary to gather scholars of literature far and near. At that time, famous scholars such as Yuan Shu, Lu Zhan, he Changyu, Bao Zhao and so on were all treated by him. It may be that he and his scholars compiled and polished many books, which is a collection of novels of Zhiren.

This book records anecdotes from the Han and Wei dynasties to the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Although it is a few words, the content is very rich, which widely reflects the life style, mental outlook and the atmosphere of free talk and absurdity of the scholar class in this period. This book has a far-reaching influence on the development of the later note novels, and the works written by imitating the style of this book are even more numerous, which form a whole in the ancient novels. Many of the stories in the book, either become the material of later drama novels or the allusions commonly used in later poetry, have an important position in the history of Chinese literature. Mr. Lu Xun called it "the textbook of mingshidi".

Writing background

The content of Shishuoxinyu is mainly to record the anecdotes of the celebrities in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, and it can also be said that it is a collection of romantic stories in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, which also plays the role of "textbook" for celebrities. According to Feng Youlan, romantic is a kind of personality beauty, which is composed of four conditions: Xuanxin, insight, wonderful appreciation and deep feeling. Of course, this kind of personality beauty was measured by the standards of the scholars at that time. Among the 36 sections in the three volumes of Shishuoxinyu, the first volume contains four sections: morality, speech, politics and literature; the second volume contains nine sections: founder, magnanimity, insight, appreciation, appreciation, criticism, rules and regulations, quick understanding, wisdom and forthrightness. The second volume is 23 doors, and the situation is more complicated. Some praise is more obvious, such as Rongzhi, Renxin, Xianyuan. Some seem to be derogatory, such as Ren Sheng, Jian Ao, thrifty, resentful, drowning, but they are not all derogatory. Some are derogatory, such as the four items in "slander insurance" and some items in "eliminating extravagance". There are also many entries that only express some kind of true feelings, without praise or criticism. It is not only the expression of true feelings, but also a kind of romantic expression, so the editor narrates it with relish.

Shi Shuo Xin Yu is an excellent historical material for the study of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Among them, there are vivid descriptions of the activities of the celebrities in the Wei and Jin Dynasties, such as lightness and taste, various personality characteristics, such as leisure, birthday, simplicity and pride, various pursuits of life, and various hobbies. Looking at the whole book, we can get the images of several generations of scholars in the Wei and Jin Dynasties. Through these characters, we can further understand the fashion of the upper class in that era.

Shi Shuo Xin Yu has made great achievements in art. Mr. Lu Xun once summarized its artistic features as "the record of words is profound and meaningful, the record of deeds is simple and magnificent" (a brief history of Chinese Novels).

Shi Shuo Xin Yu and Liu Xiao's annotation involve more than 1500 people of all kinds, including the main figures of Wei and Jin Dynasties, including emperors, generals, hermits and monks. It focuses on the description of characters, some on the appearance, some on the talent, some on the psychology, but all focus on one point, that is, focusing on the performance of the characteristics of the characters. Through the unique speech and behavior, it writes out the unique character of the unique characters, making them vivid, vivid and vivid. Such as "thrifty and mean": "Wang Rong has a good Li. He is afraid that people will get his seed if he sells it. He will always drill his core." In only 16 words, Wang Rong's greedy and stingy nature is written. Another example is Ya Liang, which records that when Gu Yong was playing chess, he got the sad news of his son's death and forced his grief. "Although he had the same air, he felt his reason. To grasp the palm with claws, blood stained mattress. A detail vividly shows Gu Yong's personality.

Shi Shuo Xin Yu portrays the characters in a smart way

Chinese PinYin : Liu Yi Qing