Shi Yannian

Shi Yannian

Shi Yannian (994-1041) was a writer and calligrapher in the Northern Song Dynasty. Manqing, Anren, is a native of yingtianfu (now Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province).

In the early years of Shi Yannian, he failed in many tests. During the reign of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty, he changed the right class hall to Taichang temple and Taizhu temple. He moved to Dali temple to be the Prime Minister of Dali temple. He went to the secret pavilion to be the prime minister and the crown prince to agree. Shi Jie, a litterateur of the Northern Song Dynasty, is known as "three heroes" by his poems of Shi Yannian, Ouyang Xiu and dumer.

On February 4, the second year of Kangding (1041), Emperor Renzong of Song Dynasty, Shi Yannian died in Bianjing, the capital. He was 47 years old. Shi Manqing is especially good at poetry and calligraphy. He wrote Shi Manqing's poetry anthology.

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Life of the characters

Shi Yannian's ancestral home is Youzhou (now Zhuoxian County, Hebei Province). After the Late Jin Dynasty ceded Youzhou to Qidan, his Zuju family moved south and settled in Nanjing (now Suiyang District, Shangqiu City, Henan Province).

In his early years, Shi Yannian repeatedly failed in the three examinations. Song Zhenzong elected those who failed in the three examinations to serve in the third class, so he was ashamed not to take office. In 1032, Zhang Zhibai advised him to take office. He evaluated the affairs with Dali and called for an examination. He taught the library and pavilion to collate, and changed the right class hall to Taizhu of Taichang temple. In the second year of Jingyou's reign (1035), he went out to know Jinxiang County (now Shandong Province), and was recommended as the general judge of qianning Army (now Qingxian County, Hebei Province) and Yongjing Army (now Dongguang, Hebei Province). Li Guan Guanglu temple, Dali Temple Cheng. Because of the letter to the Empress Dowager Zhang Xian, please return the emperor Renzong to his post and change his sentence to Haizhou. After that, he moved to the secret pavilion to make a decision, and the crown prince agreed. Shi Yannian was very concerned about the threat of Khitan and Xixia. He once proposed "two side preparation" to strengthen national defense, but it was not accepted by the imperial court. When Yuanhao of the Western Xia Dynasty invaded, his remarks were taken seriously by the imperial court.

Shi Yannian is bold and unconstrained. He is good at reading and does not specialize in writing. He especially admires the ancient people's wonderful deeds and extraordinary achievements. He is fond of drinking and drinking. It is said that song Renzong loved his talent and advised him to stop drinking. Later, he became ill after drinking. He died early in middle age at the age of 47.

literature

Shi Yannian's articles are vigorous and powerful, and his patriarchal clan system is Han (Yu) and Liu (Zongyuan), which are nearly influenced by Liu Kai. His poems are so handsome that he is proud of them in Tiansheng and Baoyuan. In his poem "send Yin to Shi Lu", he said, "in ten years, a dream will come true, and the mountains and rivers will be exchanged for peaches and plums. The sound of wild geese flies north to the west, and the tall buildings are in the spring breeze every day. The eyebrows are higher than those of Shizhou mountain, the tears of Jiaobo are falling down on you like washing, the Fenhe River keeps flowing southward, and the sky is merciless and light like water. " He is known as "deep beauty of meaning", and he himself is most proud of this article. Mei Yaochen called his poems "the light of the stars, the light of the stars", which shows his bold and elegant poetic style. He once wrote poems for Ouyang Xiu with the paper of Chengxin hall in the Southern Tang Dynasty. Also can word, there is "mendiaoan long and short sentence", today does not exist. His calligraphy is also very famous, with strong strokes and strong facial muscles.

His works include Shi Manqing's poetry anthology and the examination of the Sixteen Kingdoms of Wuhu. Twenty six years after Shi Yannian's death, his old friend Ouyang Xiu specially wrote a memorial to Shi Manqing, which is low, lingering, desolate and detached, showing the sincerity of friendship and the depth of missing. It is a good work of the same kind of lyric prose.

Representative works

[Zhang's garden pavilion in Jinxiang]

Pavilion even city enemy Xie family, four seasons garden color Dou Mingxia.

The window meets the Marquis bamboo of Xiwei, and the ground meets the hermit melon of Dongling.

They are willing to talk to each other, make fragrance, and cross trees and flowers.

Longitudinal tour will be about nothing to stay, drunk to participate in the horizontal moon.

【

Yan GUI Liang

】

The grass makes me hate you every year. Long time to think about the past. Don't let spring break.

It's ancient and romantic. Spring mountain always, deep even Cui Dai, thousand fold eyebrows.

I don't know how much to worry about. More inclined to the sun, with dangerous buildings.

Anecdotes of characters

Alcoholism

Shi Yannian was bold and unconstrained, and had drunk a lot. Liu Qian, a righteous man, also has a lot of wine. He likes to compare his wine with Shi Yannian. Once, they had a drink in the newly opened Wang's restaurant. They drank from morning till night without saying a word. The next day, people in Kyoto all said that there were two wine immortals drinking in Wang's restaurant. After drinking for a day, their faces didn't change. After a period of time, I learned that the legendary Jiuxian were Shi Yannian and Liu Qian.

When Shi Yannian was appointed as the general judge of Haizhou, Liu Qian came to visit him one day. Shi Yannian invited him to the ship and drank heavily. Until midnight, when he saw that the wine was almost finished, and that there was a bucket of vinegar on the boat, he poured the vinegar into the rest of the wine and drank it again. He drank all the wine and vinegar all the time. At this time, it was bright and he drank it all night.

The reason why Shi Yannian is a wine monster is that he has created many strange ways of drinking. For example, he drinks with disheveled hair, barefoot and shackles, which is called "prisoner's drink"; he drinks with people in the tree, which is called "nest drink"; sometimes he wraps himself in rice straw and only sticks out his head to drink with people, which is called "turtle drink"; at night, he drinks with guests in the dark without lighting the lamp, which is called "ghost drink"; when drinking, he jumps to the tree for a while and then to the ground, which is called "ghost drink" It's "crane drink.". His drinking frenzy is probably so. There is a temple and nunnery behind the palace office. Shi Yannian often lies there and names the nunnery "mendiao nunnery".

Drama

Shi Yannian was an open-minded man with no respect for etiquette and fame. In his early years, he passed the examination and got the second place in the middle school, which is a matter of life for a scholar. But just then someone complained that someone had cheated in the undergraduate examination, and the imperial court ordered the re examination. As a result, a few people failed in the exam, and Shi Yannian was among them. At that time, they had been recognized as Jinshi by the imperial court, and their official certificates and uniforms had been obtained. Everyone was gathering in Xingguo temple to celebrate. Suddenly, an order came down to recover all the documents and official uniforms of the person who failed the test. The losers were stunned for a moment, and could not help losing their manners and crying. Only Shi Yannian was very calm. As if nothing had happened, he took off his boots and robes and handed them back to the emissary. Then he put on his underwear and Fu head and sat down again, chatting and drinking with everyone, as if nothing had happened. He also composed a poem "Chancheng" in the form of a sentence from the people of Tang Dynasty

Last year, I came and went busy, making wedding clothes for others.

Looking up at the sky and laughing, go out and dance to the spring breeze alone.

On the next day, all the dethroned people were given the post of three classes. They were ashamed to prolong their life and wrote a quatrains

If you have no talent, you can borrow it from the third class. If you want to compete for salary, you can participate in the recording.

From then on, it was called Xiang Gong Jin, and it had to go to the southwest and east of Ma.

In this poem, Shi Yannian skillfully embeds all kinds of official names in the sentence, and does his best to satirize and ridicule, which shows his contempt for the imperial examination system and the advancement of officials.

Shi Yannian is a dissolute man who is good at talking about harmony. One day, he took a horse to visit Baoning temple. The man who led the horse got out of control for a moment, and the horse scared away. Shi Yannian accidentally fell to the ground, and the attendant helped him to the saddle. Seeing this, the passers-by gathered around and thought that he would be furious and scold the leader. Unexpectedly, Shi Yannian slowly raised his whip and half jokingly said to the horse driver, "fortunately, I am Shi Shishi. If I were wa Shishi, I would have been broken."

After Shi Yannian's death, Su Shunqin, his drinking friend, wrote a poem crying for Manqing

Last year, the spring rain blossomed, and you meet endless joy.

Singing and drinking flowers, I can't sleep in your house.

Xuanshui and Nongshui

Shi Yannian worked in zhongshutang. A butcher said to him, "go and get Xuanshui." Shi Yannian didn't know what Xuanshui was, so he asked, "what do you take?" The prime minister told him, "the water in xuanhui courtyard is clear and sweet, which is called Xuanshui." Shi Yannian felt that this view was far fetched and awkward, so he asked: "then, the water in the Si Nong temple should be called 'Nong water' Everyone present was amused by him.

Historical records of Song Dynasty

Shi Yannian, whose name is Manqing, was born in Youzhou. In the Jin Dynasty, Qidan was left in Youzhou, and its ancestors went south and lived in song city. Yannian is a man of ups and downs. He is good at reading and writing.

Zhenzong recorded three Jinshi. He thought that three classes of Jinshi would be shameful to extend their life. Zhang Zhibai Suqi, predicate: "mother old is choose Lu Ye?" To prolong one's life is a last resort. Later, the right class hall was directly changed into Taichang temple and Taizhu temple, which was known as Jinxiang County and had the name of Zhi. He used the recommender to judge qianning army, moved Yongjing army, and collated for Dali's commentary and pavilion. Li Guanglu and Dali Shicheng wrote to the Empress Dowager Zhang Xian and asked him to return it to the emperor. When the Empress Dowager collapsed, fan satirized and tried to prolong her life. After the failure, Yannian sat down and satirized good, dismissed and sentenced Haizhou. For a long time, he was appointed as the director of the secret Pavilion, and the crown prince agreed to move to the court.

It is said that the world does not know how to fight for more than 30 years. Please prepare for the two sides. No report. And Yuan Haofan, began to think about its words, summoned, slightly use its said. He was sent to Hedong to be a local soldier. When he got tens of thousands of soldiers, the general of the frontier wanted to defend the thief. He laughed and said, "I'll be coarse. If the timid move when they see the enemy, the brave will be defeated. Now that we have no time to teach, we should recruit those who dare to do so, and everyone will win. " He also invited the recruiters to attack Yuanhao and the Uighurs to attack Yuanhao.

Yannian comedy drink, taste with Liu qianzao Wang restaurant drink, all day long do not pay a word. Wang's strange drink too much, thought that very people, Yi Feng wine dishes fruit, two people drink and eat as if, to the evening without wine, bow and go. Tomorrow, it is said that there are two immortals coming to drink in Wang's restaurant. They already know Liu and Shi. Although Yannian is in full swing, if you can't discuss the world affairs with others, it's right and wrong.

At the beginning of the reign, he and tianzhangge, who were under the control of Wu zunlu, together made an envoy to Hedong and died. He followed Lu's words in the imperial court and was a special official of his son.

Related literature

Notes on mianshui swallow

Kangding, Hexi military. Shi Manqing and Wu andao zunlu served as envoys to Hedong. On the other hand, an Dao paid a day visit to Xi Si. When he went to the counties and counties, he studied the map books, saw the orders, looked at the militia's millet, and looked at the mountains and rivers and roads. He did not pay enough attention to the interests of the officials. And Manqing recites poetry

Chinese PinYin : Shi Yan Nian