Liumengyan

Liumengyan

Liumengyan (1219-1295), a native of Quzhou (now Quzhou, Zhejiang Province), was named Zhongzhai (Zhongzhai in yizuo) with the Chinese character of Hanfu. The treacherous officials in the late Southern Song Dynasty.

Song LiZong Chunyou four years (1244) Jiachen section champion, with the list of Deng wenmian, Chen Zhuo. In the first year of Deyou (1275), he was the right prime minister and the commander of the secret envoy. He entered the left prime minister. In November, the yuan army approached Lin'an (Hangzhou) and abandoned his position. The next year, he served as an ambassador to pacify the north and south of the lake, and soon fell to yuan. Liu mengyan once urged Wen Tianxiang to surrender, but Tianxiang denounced him. Wang jiweng and Xie Changyuan, the former officials of the former dynasty, asked the Yuan emperor to release Wen Tianxiang as a Taoist. Meng Yan firmly opposed it, saying, "when Tianxiang comes out, call on Jiangnan again, where can I put ten people?". After entering the Yuan Dynasty, the official went to the Minister of rites and the academician of Hanlin. Yuan Chengzong died at home in the first year of Yuanzhen (1295).

Life of the characters

Liu mengyan is treacherous and takes the helm when he sees the wind. According to historical records, he was smart and studious in his early years, and he also paid more attention to fame and integrity. At that time, after he became the number one scholar of Jiachen branch, he became the official of the calendar, including Zongzheng Shaoqing, Mige Xiuzhuan, Fujian tiju, the right servant of the Ministry of official affairs, the official Xuanfeng doctor, and the Bachelor of Duanming palace. In the first year of Deyou (1275), he served as a privy council member and political adviser, a right prime minister and a secret envoy, and a governor. When he was appointed, the army of the Yuan Dynasty was in full swing. The Southern Song Dynasty was in danger. However, he retreated and said that he was ill at home. Until the Empress Dowager Xie Daoqing came to his home, he became the Prime Minister of Zuo. In the second year of Deyou (1276), the yuan army invaded Hangzhou. As the prime minister, he abandoned his official position and ran back to Quzhou. The imperial court called twice, but he ignored it. In September of the lunar calendar, Yuanbing captured Quzhou. He led the people to surrender in the name of the Prime Minister of the Southern Song Dynasty.

In this regard, Wen Tianxiang wrote "Fu on Wei or Ren" and said: "in a hundred years of success or failure, I laugh to see that Keshan's situation is not over. The golden horse wins the old rain, and the copper camel hates Fu Xifeng. Heitouer boasted that Jiang Zong and Leng tooth people could say Chu Gong. The yellow leaf of the dragon head is really a dream. It's a dream of where to see Jiangdong. "

After Wen Tianxiang was defeated and captured, Kublai Khan, the emperor of the Yuan Dynasty, highly respected Wen Tianxiang's talent, learning and conduct. He was the guest of honor. After he failed to persuade Wen Tianxiang to surrender many times, he used torture. However, Wen Tianxiang remained unyielding. Some song ministers who came down to the Yuan Dynasty asked the Yuan emperor to release Wen Tianxiang as a Taoist. The Yuan emperor also wanted to do so, but left mengyan to stop him and said, "where will we be when Tianxiang comes out and calls on Jiangnan righteous people to fight against the Yuan Dynasty?" Thus, the Yuan emperor's idea of killing Wen Tianxiang was strengthened.

After staying in mengyan, he was the Minister of rites in the Yuan Dynasty, moved to the Imperial Academy, and became an official to the prime minister. In the first year of Yuanzhen (1295), yuanchengzong left mengyan to become an official. Soon, he died at home.

Character influence

Liu mengyan lost his integrity and saved his life when the Song Dynasty was in crisis. He demoted to the Yuan Dynasty as the number one prime minister of the Song Dynasty, and helped the rulers of the Yuan Dynasty recruit a number of song ministers, who were "meritorious" to the newly established empire of the Yuan Dynasty. However, there is no biography of mengyan in either the official revision of the history of Song Dynasty in the Yuan Dynasty or the compilation of the history of Yuan Dynasty in the early Ming Dynasty. Zhou Mi, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty who was slightly later than him, recorded the original event in his book "wild language of Qi Dong". In "Sanyan Erpai", the chapter of "surprise at the second moment" and "false ghost in the brothel market" also takes it as the opening story.

Zhejiang scholars once said: "two Zhejiang have left dream inflammation, two Zhejiang shame." When commenting on the history of human beings, Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty said: "those who are excellent in both ability and morality are superior; secondly, virtue is the most important, regardless of talent. When the Song Dynasty came to an end, talented people like LV Wenhuan, Liu mengyan, and ye Lidai all went back to the state and descended to the Yuan Dynasty. " This is a typical example of the opposite, and the Qing rulers despised him. According to Qiaoshu, in the Ming Dynasty, every family with a surname left in Zhejiang Province had to write a letter of guarantee to take part in the examination. The content was that they were not the descendants of liumengyan before they were allowed to enter the examination room. Until the Qing Dynasty, all the descendants of liumengyan who took the imperial examination had to declare that they were not descendants of liumengyan.

Character evaluation

Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty commented: "those who have both talent and morality are superior; secondly, virtue is the most important, regardless of talent.". When the Song Dynasty (Dynasty) died, talented people like LV Wenhuan, Liu mengyan and Ye Li all carried away the country and descended the Yuan Dynasty. "

Chinese PinYin : Liu Meng Yan