Field conditions

Field conditions

This data is missing

Overview chart

, add related content, make data more complete, but also quickly upgrade, come on!

Tian Kuang (1005-1063) was born in Xindu, whose ancestral home is Jingzhao. Famous officials and scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty.

There are few fields, and there are great ambitions. We should not only give the Jinshi, but also the virtuous. He was appointed as taichangcheng. Xia song managed Shaanxi and became a judge. During the battle of Baozhou, he killed hundreds of enemies, and the imperial court strengthened its decision. In his later years, he became an official with the crown prince Shaofu.

Jiayou died in 1063, in 59th. The posthumous title of the title is xuanjian. Tian Kuang has 30 volumes of memorials, which have been lost. There is also the book "scholars' discussion" handed down from generation to generation.

Life of the characters

Young and ambitious

Tian Kuang was born in 1005, the sixth year of emperor Zhenzong of Song Dynasty. His father was very strict in teaching children. All his eight sons grew up to be very famous. Tian Kuang is the eldest son. He is a brilliant young man. He has great ambition. He loves reading and has a strong memory. His composition chapter is written at the beginning, which is very meaningful. During the imperial examination, he disdained the subject of "giving the same academic background" which he got in the first examination. After a few years, he finally got a bachelor degree. He initially filled the Jiangling prefecture (now Jiangling County, Hubei Province), transferred the judge of Chuzhou (now Anhui or Jiangsu Province), moved to zuolang, and was promoted to taichangcheng (now Nanjing City). Since then, his literary talent and military strategy gradually emerged.

Shangshu Renzong

In the first year of Jingyou, Emperor Renzong of the Song Dynasty (1034), Li Yuanhao, the former Minister of the Song Dynasty, established Xixia and openly opposed the Song Dynasty. Xia song, who was then Shaanxi Economic and strategic envoy, asked Tian Kuang to be his own judge. For Li Yuanhao's rebellion, Xia song, Han Qi, Yin Zhu and other ministers formulated two strategies of attack and defense. Renzong tended to adopt attack strategy, but the prime minister Fan Zhongyan thought that it was not necessary to use attack strategy. Tian Kuang wrote a letter to Renzong, from the history and current situation of several generations of leaders of Dangxiang who were favored by the imperial court to defending the border, to Li Yuanhao's blatant split and self-reliance. He analyzed in detail the mobilization of people's hearts, deployment of troops, command and combat capabilities, and the consequences of sending troops. It is believed that the enemy has been planning for a long time, has been fully mobilized, has a strong army, has a proper command, and has a unique complex environment. He dared to revolt, but he was afraid of the great song dynasty. At that time, the government and the opposition had different opinions, the army lacked training for a long time, the generals were weak, and the strategy lacked long-term vision. In terms of tactics, on the one hand, we need to divide our forces into several routes to attack, on the other hand, we need to concentrate our forces to push forward. We even think that the general can win by chance even if he does not rely on "being indecent and brave". Therefore, Tian Kuang suggested that Renzong, first of all, let the ministers of the provincial government and the Privy Council analyze the situation, unify their thinking, study countermeasures, and formulate implementation strategies conducive to the long-term stability of the border. Renzong took his advice. Then, Tian Kuang presented the fourteen things about border control to Renzong. Later, he was promoted to be the rightist minister in charge of admonishment, the "Xingxiang" in charge of the ceremony of worshiping Buddha, the imperial Zijian in charge of correcting mistakes, the third secretary in charge of property payment and debt clearing, the Secretary in charge of debt paying, acting as the emperor's living announcer, and in charge of drafting imperial edicts. In a recital, Tian Kuang found that renzongai followed the old rules, and he hated changing the status quo and chasing fame. On the above table, he explained the truth that "fame comes from reality, not just fame" by Yao and shun. At that time, when the internal affairs were not repaired and there was a strong enemy outside, the emperor did not have to be afraid of good reputation. Instead, he should be called "Yingrui" by Dashu, who "worked hard and listened to decisively", "Shenwu" by Dashu, who "carried out threats and deterred evils", "thrifty" by denouncing extravagance and eliminating customs "," broad love "by Dashu, and" accepting admonitions "by Dashu, who" was clear and superfluous, but despised and restrained " It is also called "diligent administration" and "seeking governance" in the name of "consulting, obstructing" and "being responsible for real achievements and restraining stealing". People in the world should know that "the way of sages and sages is called Mingjiao, and the instruction of loyalty and friendship is called Mingjie", and that all the officials and Confucians assist the imperial court, which is "the great foundation of human relations". When he got the news from the frontier fortress about the overhaul of Tiande city and zhaibao, Tian Kuang immediately realized that the enemy was planning a bigger aggressive plot. He wrote a letter to Renzong, counting that he blindly sought peace, resulting in the annual payment of 500000 Khitan gold and silk and 200000 Xiqiang people. The people were overwhelmed, but the enemy was increasingly dissatisfied, planning a more dangerous plot. However, the ministers of the two prefectures only discuss trivial matters every day. They are not concerned about the major affairs of the country. They are not concerned about the severity of the situation, the good and stupid of the generals, the good and bad of the Chinese soldiers, the danger of the roads, the weakness of the fortresses, the amount of money and food, etc. This is very dangerous. He suggested that Renzong should follow the example of Tang suzong. At the beginning of his reign, he should carefully understand the situation with Zaifu minister every day, study the situation, unify his thinking, educate the whole nation to work together to develop production, do a good job in border preparation, and not be dragged down by trivial matters.

Both military and political

Later, Tian Kuang was appointed Deputy envoy of Xuanfu in Shaanxi Province, and also led the "sanbanyuan" in charge of the annotation, promotion and reward of the three class envoys. He once dealt with the case of Baozhou Yunyi army's killing of the state officials and the rebellion against the city. After that, Ren LongTuge and Zhishi Chengde urged the generals to attack the enemy and recruited more than 2000 soldiers. He moved to Qinzhou (now Nanzheng County, Shaanxi Province), where he lived and died. At this time, Tian Kuang's father died. According to the official system at that time, when their parents died, they had to leave for mourning, but the frontier generals were often deprived of their love and could not leave. Under Tian Kuang's repeated efforts, Renzong finally allowed him to return to Yangzhai to mourn for his father. Since then, he has moved to the right of Weizhou (now Pingliang County, Gansu Province) as a counsellor and Chengdu magistrate. Since the uprising of Li Shun and Wang Jun in Sichuan Province, officials have been killed without permission. Some of them were expelled for minor crimes, resulting in the displacement of the people and even death. After taking office, Tian Kuang paid attention to education, and generally did not expel him, so he was loved by Sichuan people.

In and out of the two houses

Later, when he moved to the central government to refute the violation of the official orders, he called him Zhongcheng, the censor. After taking office, he acted as the three envoys in charge of Yantie, Duzhi and Hubu, including jialongtuge bachelor and Hanlin bachelor. Tian Kuang wrote Huang You's accounting record and analyzed the situation and problems of the revenue and expenditure management of financial Fu to Renzong. He was officially appointed as the third secretary. In the first year of Zhihe (1054), Tian Kuang was promoted to the post of deputy secretary in chief. Four years later, he was promoted to the post of secretary in chief and became the chief executive of the government. Tian Kuang's official career reached its peak. Two years later, Tian Kuang resigned as a secret envoy because of illness. He was appointed as Youcheng of Shangshu, a Bachelor of Guanwen palace and a scholar of Hanlin. He promoted jingling palace and later became an official as Shaofu of the crown prince. On February 1st, 1063, Tian Kuang died at home at the age of 59. He was posthumously presented as the crown prince and Taifu (the history of Song Dynasty as the crown prince and Taibao), and his posthumous title was xuanjian.

personal works

Tian Kuang once wrote two treatises on "good name" and "friends", including 30 volumes of memorials (< I > later lost to 20 volumes < / I >), which have been lost now. In addition, there are two volumes of "scholars' discussion" and "general catalogue of Siku" which are handed down to the world.

Character evaluation

Ye Qingchen: I think that no one is suffering from it, and I can't use it. Today, Fu Bi is the most loyal and righteous official of Fu Yi. Fan Zhongyan is the best one for the stability of the country. He who knows the stories of the past and the present is like Xia song. Zheng Jian is the most sensitive person to discuss. Han Qi is the most talented person with serious discipline. He who can judge in the face of great events is like the state of the field. There is no such thing as Liu Huan in Congo. HTC's strategy is like sun Mian's. Wang Deyong is well-known, Fan Zhongyan is well-trained in military and political affairs, and Pang Ji has long been appointed by him. Ouyang Xiu: Yuan Bian's generals used Confucian officials to appease the Han army. Ten thousand horses don't hiss to listen to orders, and all the Tibetans have nothing to work on. Dream back to night tent, smell Qiang flute, poem on high-rise to Longyun. Don't forget Zhenyang's last love, Beitan's peach and plum trees are in the atmosphere. (< I > to Tian Yuanjun in Qinzhou < / I >) Wang Anshi: Tian Shi was born in Jiang, and his death was as auspicious as tortoise. After his grandson, Kuang Bu Shi, in Song Jixian, since the beginning of Gongyou. Striving for the beauty of its splendor and matching with its reality, it is the development of the imperial industry and the profundity of its greatness. It was the time of xingzuo, when zaiche and tiaohao were used. It's a good way to train and master martial arts. There are also thick officials, who have not been destroyed by the public, and the public only use them, if they are already prosperous. Wei Xi Huang Kao, dare to live, pass Zhi in the public, do not set its body. He has many reputations. He should not be old. He is ill and will not live long. Cover poetry in the quiet, for the end of forever. (< I > the epitaph of the cemetery of the crown prince and Taifu zhishitian < / I >) fan Chunren: ① a man who is kind and kind is an elder, and his appearance is his heart. He talked with others earnestly for fear of losing his meaning, and some of them were self-defense. There is no word for friendship. As a minor official, he never came to power in private. The utensils are well built, and they are often at the discretion of the world. In admonishment, he did not say anything about trifles, but only inspired the whole mind. He wanted people to take over authority, distinguish between virtuous and unworthy, restrain luck, and show rewards and punishments in order to save the current situation. At that time, Renzong was determined to be peaceful and paid several visits to his ministers. He was most enlightened by the public. He is friendly with Fu Wenzhong, and his wife is Wenzhong's younger brother and daughter. He was a privy envoy, while Wen Zhonggong was actually the prime minister. At the same time, he was the most virtuous and ranked first among the hundred bureaucrats. He did not think that the two ministers were honored, but he thought that the world was blessed. Since Gong was ill, he went down to Lu Lane, where Xianqi listened and waited for Gong to recover. However, Gong was ill. Sad husband! (< I > "the inscription of Tiangong Shinto on xuanjian of Prince Taibao" < / I >) Wang Kesheng xuanjian was a well-known official. His virtuous Wei He, has Chen in the time. Holding philosophy and performing benevolence, you have Yu's writing. In emperor Renzong, Jun Yiying Dynasty. Defense court, Gong Wei, Dong Chao. It's a waste of painting

Chinese PinYin : Tian Kuang