Wang Fushi

Wang Fushi

Wang Fushi (1919-2001), a famous Chinese linguist, is a researcher in the Institute of ethnology, Chinese Academy of social sciences. He was born on April 21, 1919 in LUANNAN COUNTY, Hebei Province. Wang Fushi is mainly engaged in the investigation and research of minority languages. He is an expert in the study of Miao and Yao languages, and also contributes to the study of Chinese dialects.

Character experience

Wang Fushi (1919-2001), from LUANNAN COUNTY, Hebei Province, was born on April 21, 1919. In 1940, he was admitted to the Department of politics and transferred to the Department of Social Sciences of Yanjing University. He transferred to Economics Department of Peking University in 1942 and graduated in 1944. In the same year, he was admitted to the Anthropology Research Institute of Furen University. He returned to school in 1947 and studied Xuanhua dialect under the guidance of he dengsong, a geographer of dialect. At the same time, he was admitted to the research department of Chinese Department of Peking University in the autumn of 1949 as a graduate student of famous linguist Luo Changpei. In 1950, he received a master's degree from the Anthropology Research Institute of Furen University. In June 1952, he graduated from the research department of Chinese Department of Peking University (his graduation thesis is "the study of Miao language in Weining").

Character honor

Wang Fushi is mainly engaged in the investigation and research of minority languages. He is an expert in the study of Miao and Yao languages, and has also made some contributions to the study of Chinese dialects. since 1950, Wang Fushi has studied Miao language in the Institute of languages, Chinese Academy of Sciences. He has been an assistant researcher, associate researcher and researcher in the Institute of minority languages, Chinese Academy of Sciences and the Institute of nationalities, Chinese Academy of social sciences. In 1956, seven national minority language investigation teams were organized. Wang Fushi was the deputy leader of the second working team of the Chinese Academy of Sciences on minority language investigation. Together with Ma Xueliang, the team leader, Wang Fushi presided over the comprehensive investigation of Miao Yao language. According to the investigation materials, four kinds of Miao culture schemes were designed and carried out. During this period, he gave lectures or made special reports in various national language investigation training classes for many times, cultivated a large number of national language workers and backbone of national language research, and published a series of articles on the reform of Miao characters and the creation of Miao characters. Some of the languages once considered to be ethnic minorities were identified as Chinese special dialects by Wang Fushi's in-depth study. Wang Fu Shi's academic paper on Chinese universal phonology is full of original ideas. In 1957, he published the article "quantifiers of Miao language in Weining, Guizhou Province", which analyzed various morphological changes in detail, and pointed out that the quantifiers of Miao language in Weining have the similar function as the Indo European article. This innovation has aroused great repercussions in the international linguistic circle. It was translated into English and received the research of Cornell University in the United States Collected works of Miao Yao's language theory. After returning to the Institute in 1959, Wang Fushi and Luo Jiguang jointly organized the compilation of a brief history of Chinese minority languages (Miao Yao language part), which was published by Science Press. This is the first book on the study of Miao Yao language published after the founding of the people's Republic of China. At the same time, Wang Fushi, together with other comrades, organized the compilation of the manuscript "a survey of Miao dialects", and put forward a plan to divide the Miao language into three major dialects of Western Hunan, eastern Guizhou, Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan, and seven sub dialects of Sichuan, Guizhou and Yunnan. In 1962, the Institute of minority languages was merged into the Institute of nationalities. Wang Fushi was appointed deputy director of the library and reference room of the Institute of nationalities. At the same time, he was still committed to the study of Miao language. He published a survey of Miao language. After the Third Plenary Session of the 11th CPC Central Committee, Wang Fu Shi devoted himself to the study of Miao language. In 1979, as a member of the Chinese linguist delegation, he attended the 12th International Conference on Sino Tibetan linguistics held in Paris on invitation and read out the abstract of the long paper "comparison of sounds and finals in Miao dialects", which was highly valued by the linguists at home and abroad and regarded as a model work for deepening the study of minority languages. In 1981, Wang Fushi was appointed deputy director of the Language Research Office of the Institute of ethnology. In addition to leading the language groups to compile the language records and personally editing the Miao language records, he also published the sound category and rhyme category of Miao language, some experiences on the comparison of the sound and vowel of Miao dialect, the locative words of Miao language in Weining, Guizhou, my views on several problems in the grammar of Miao language, the adverbial words of Miao language in Weining, Guizhou, and the division of Miao dialect This paper mainly discusses the problems of Miao Yao language family, the combination of theory and practice in the study of Miao phonetics, and the construction of ancient Miao phonetics. This period was the peak of Wang Fushi's writing. Some of the articles are the result of his cooperation with colleagues. Wang Fu Shi is also engaged in the study of Chinese dialects. His master's thesis "Xuanhua dialect map" in Fu Jen University is an earlier work on dialect geography in China. It was published by the National Institute of Asian and African languages and cultures in Tokyo in 1994. He dengsong, his tutor, called the book a pioneering work and "a standard work of language geography". In addition, he has published several articles, such as a brief account of longshengling dialect in Guangxi, the phonetics of Waxiang dialect in Luxi County, Hunan Province, re discussing Waxiang dialect in Luxi County, Hunan Province as a Chinese dialect, and the tone sandhi system of LUANNAN dialect in his native dialect, which play a unique and positive role in the study of Chinese dialects. In 1963, he published his article "several problems of Beijing dialect finals" in Chinese language. Starting from the overall situation of the phonetic system of the universal dialect, and from the derivative relationship between the basic finals and the Erhua rhyme, he discussed the unit status of the tip of the tongue vowels and the high vowels before the tongue, as well as the phonological variants of the middle vowels. He was considered to have "unique insight" and was highly praised by the linguists. For example, the value of this article is mentioned in Wang Lijia's foundation of phonology and the study of Chinese phonetics and phonetics in the 20th century. In September 1993, Wang Fushi was a visiting professor at the National Institute of Asian and African languages and cultures in Tokyo, Japan, and returned to China in September 1994. While working in Tokyo, Wang Fushi made some supplements and corrections on the basis of onomatopoeia in the comparison of sounds and vowels in Miao dialects, so as to make it more accurately reflect the evolution of Miao dialects. Finally, he wrote the book "the construction of ancient sounds in Miao dialects", which was published by the National Institute of Asian and African languages and cultures in Tokyo. It has pushed the study of Miao language to a new level, and at the same time, it has realized his wish of compiling a "Guangyun" of Miao language, which can reflect the characteristics of each dialect of Miao language and deduce the diachronic evolution through the synchronic study of dialects. On this basis, Wang Fushi and his colleagues engaged in the study of Yao language have been working together since 1988. After several years of comparative study, he has carried out the construction of Miao Yao language's ancient sound and written the book "the construction of Miao Yao language's ancient sound". It was published by China Social Science Press in 1995, which has pushed the study of Miao Yao language to a new height. This is also an important work written by Wang Fushi. Wang Fushi is proficient in English, Japanese, French, Russian and other foreign languages. Since the 1950s, he has translated some foreign papers on linguistics and published them in Science Bulletin, ethnic translation series, selected translations of papers and information collection of ethnic minority language research, which provides an important reference for the language planning and historical comparative study of ethnic languages. In 1954, he published a survey of Gaoshan minority languages in Taiwan on Chinese language, which is the first work to introduce Gaoshan minority languages in China by referring to a variety of Japanese materials. Wang Fushi was upright and frank. He always pursued progress. He was indifferent to fame and wealth and devoted himself to his studies. He is very concerned about the cause of language research and the construction and development of the discipline; he is generous and enthusiastic about later learning, teaching by words and deeds, and tireless in teaching others. He often used the old adage of "only asking about cultivation, not about harvest" to teach postgraduates who are eager to produce results. He has always been serious and meticulous in his studies. His rigorous academic spirit and modest style are highly respected among colleagues. The noble personality and traditional virtues of Chinese intellectuals are vividly reflected in him. In March 1996, Wang Fushi was seriously injured by a car accident and was bedridden for many years. He died on November 3, 2001.

Chinese PinYin : Wang Fu Shi