Wang Shu

Wang Shu

Wang Shu (1416-1508) was named Zongguan, Jiean and Shiqu. Sanyuan (now Shaanxi) people. He was a famous official in the middle of Ming Dynasty.

In the 13th year of Zhengtong (1448), Wang Shudeng became a Jinshi and elected a shujishi. Later, he was appointed as the magistrate of Yangzhou, the governor of Jiangxi, the governor of Henan, the Minister of the Ministry of punishment of Nanjing, the censor of zuodu, the Minister of the Ministry of war and the censor of zuodu of Nanjing, the Minister of the Ministry of official and the prince, and the governor of the first river. Zhengde died in 1508, 1993. As a posthumous title, "Duanyi" was awarded to tejin, zuozhuguo and Taishi.

Wang Shu served in Five Dynasties: Yingzong, Daizong, Xianzong, Xiaozong and Wuzong. He was upright, clear, strict and consistent in his life. Together with Ma Wensheng and Liu Daxia, they are called "the three gentlemen of Hongzhi" and assisted with Xiaozong Zhu Youzhe to realize "the resurgence of Hongzhi". In the history, they are called "the most prosperous one in the twenty years of Hongzhi." Together with his son Wang Chengyu, he is the representative of "Sanyuan school". There are "Wang Duanyi Gong Memorial" and other works handed down.

(source of picture in overview:) < / I >

Life of the characters

Outstanding achievements

In 1448, Wang Shu was selected as a good scholar. Later, he was appointed as the chief judge of Dali and was promoted to the deputy director of Zuosi temple. Zeng Shangshu stated that six things about improper punishment were carried out by the imperial court. Later, he was transferred to the prefect of Yangzhou. He did not wait for the court to reply to the famine relief of grain relief, and set up a school of governance to train scholars. In the fourth year of Tianshun (1460), Wang Shu was promoted to the right political envoy of Jiangxi Province because of his outstanding achievements. During his term of office, he pacified the bandits in Ganzhou. After Zhu Jianshen, Emperor Xianzong of the Ming Dynasty, ascended to the throne, he ordered his ministers to strictly assess the officials of the whole world, and dismissed 13 people, including the Marquis of Zuo Buzheng in Henan Province, and replaced him with Wang Shu. In the first year of Chenghua (1465), the first Jingxiang refugee uprising broke out, and the imperial court promoted Wang Shu as the right deputy capital to appease and govern the refugee problem. When Wang Shu's mother died, the imperial court ordered him to go back to work only two months after his funeral. Wang Shu refused, but he was not allowed. Together with Bai Gui, the Secretary of history, he calmed down Liu Tong's uprising and defeated Shi Long, his party disciple. He strictly restrained his subordinates from killing indiscriminately, and the refugees returned to their own businesses. He was also transferred to be the governor of Henan Province, and was promoted to be the censor of the left Deputy capital due to his meritorious service. Soon, he was promoted to be the right servant of the Ministry of punishment in Nanjing. After the death of his father, he left his post as governor. Dredge Gaoyou, Shaobo and other lakes, repair Leigong, shanggoucheng, xiagoucheng, CHENGONG four reservoirs sluice. At that time, because of the disaster, the imperial court widely sought to eliminate the disaster. For this reason, Xianzong exempts Shandong from one year's tax, and there are many tax reductions in the areas around the capital. Soon after, Wang Shu was appointed as the left servant of Nanjing household department.

Weixing

In the 12th year of Chenghua (1476), scholars and businessmen of the university thought that Yunnan was thousands of miles away from the capital. They controlled Zhuyi in the West and Jiaozhi in the south, and the eunuch Qian could be greedy. They negotiated to send a prestigious minister as governor to guard Yunnan. So they changed Wang Shu to be the censor of the left Deputy capital and became the censor of the right capital when they arrived in Yunnan. At the beginning, Qian Neng sent the commander Guo Jing to the capital to play a role, saying that Annan's bandits entered the Yunnan border without authorization. Xianzong immediately ordered Guo Jing to send an imperial edict to warn and restrain him. According to the old system, envoys to Annan had to go from Guangxi, while Guo Jing went straight from Yunnan to Annan. Qian Neng asked Guo Jing to give Li Hao, king of Annan, jade belts, tapers, python clothes and other rare things. Li Hao sent General and soldiers to escort Guo Jing back, that is to open up a passage from Annan to Yunnan. Guo Jing was afraid of future trouble. He pretended to go ahead to tell the gatekeepers, so he got away and came back. He threatened that the Annan pirates were coming and the checkpoint was under martial law. Mu Cong, the Duke of the state of Guizhou, sent someone to inform General Annan, and the Annan army returned. The officials were afraid of Qian Neng and did not report to the court. Qian Neng sent Guo Jing and his commanders Lu an and Su ben to collude with chieftains such as Gan Ya and Meng Mi to accept their countless treasures. Wang Shu visited the situation. He sent cavalry to catch Guo Jing. Guo Jing committed suicide for fear of crime, and Wang Shu impeached Qian Neng for having an affair with a foreign country. Emperor Xianzong sent pan fan, a doctor of the Ministry of punishment, to deal with it. In the middle of this, Qian Neng offered the Yellow Parrot to Xianzong by post car. Wang Shu demanded that bribery be banned and that all crimes of money greed and cruelty be exposed. He said: "in the past, Jiaozhi was trapped because of improper appointment of garrison officials, but now it is very harmful. Your majesty, how can you care for one's money instead of stabilizing the border? " Qian Neng was very scared and asked the favored people around him to call Wang Shu back. At that time, honest people such as Shang Hu and Xiang Zhong were dismissed because they disagreed with Wang Zhi. The imperial court then appointed Wang Shu to take charge of the Nanjing capital inspection court to help guard the important affairs. The impeachment of Qian Neng was resolved immediately. Pan fan reported the fact that Qian Neng had received bribes, but Xianzong did not ask. Wang Shu has been in Yunnan for nine months, and his reputation has spread far and wide abroad. He has obeyed the government orders carefully since Mu Cong, the Duke of Guizhou. Wang Shu went to Shanghai 20 times, and his reputation of integrity shocked the world. At that time, the state of Annan accepted a traitor surnamed Wang in Jiangxi as its mastermind, secretly sent spies into Lin'an, and forged weapons in Mengzi City, ready to attack Yunnan. Wang Shu asked for two more deputy envoys to strengthen the border defense, and their plot failed.

Repeatedly admonished

After a few months in Nanjing, Wang Shu was promoted to minister of the Ministry of war of Nanjing. He also assisted the garrison in handling important affairs. When he selects subordinates, he strictly forbids acquaintances to intercede, and the people he works with are not happy. After Qian Neng came back, he repeatedly slandered in the face of Xianzong. Xianzong was not satisfied with Wang Shu's advice, so he ordered Wang Shu and his right deputy governor Nanji. According to the old system, half of the rent was levied on the official land of Tian, Zhenjiang, Taiping, Ningguo and Guangde, and the rent of civilian land was exempted. Later, most of the private land belonged to the rich, while the official land was a drag on the poor. Wang Shu decided to reduce the loss of official land and slightly increase the burden of civilian land. At that time, there was extra grain and rice in Changzhou, so he wrote to the imperial court to make up for the shortage of land tax in summer with 60000 stone rice, and to make up for the salt money tax of other government households by 60000 yuan, which was convenient for both public and private affairs. In case of flood in his area, he spared more than 600000 stones of autumn grain. More than two million people have been saved through relief loans. Every year, Jiangnan delivers more than 170000 stones of white cooked japonica glutinous rice to neifu, and more than 44000 stones of brown japonica rice to various government departments. As a result, many people go bankrupt, and Guanglu Temple supplies them to cooks and craftsmen. In addition, the eunuchs levied exorbitant taxes, and the officials in charge of collecting all the tributes from different places over demanded them. There is an endless stream of people weaving silk, picking flowers and catching birds. Wang Shu stated his harm to the court one after another, but his opinions were not accepted. Eunuch Wang Jing and his ministers from thousands of families were traveling to the south to collect drugs and curiosities. They were harassed wherever they went, and many county officials were insulted. When Wang Jing and his party arrived in Suzhou, they called on all the students to write a demon book, and the students were excited. Wang jingzou accused all the students of disobeying orders. Wang Shu said in a hurry: "in the year of disaster, we should send envoys for relief. Instead, Wang Jing wantonly asked for treasures. In the past, Emperor Taizong of the Tang Dynasty suggested that Liangzhou offer famous eagles. Emperor Ming of the Tang Dynasty ordered Yizhou to weave different clothes with half arms, and offer Pipa pole, Pipa pole, gouyahezi and other things. Li Daliang and Su Lin refused to obey the imperial edict. Although I can't compare with them, I admire people like Li Daliang. " Then list all the crimes of Wang Jing and others one by one. Wang Jing also falsely accused Wang Shu of arresting sun Ren, the magistrate of Changzhou. Wang Shu wrote to save sun Ren and impeached Wang Jing three times. When Shang Ming, a eunuch, also exposed Wang Jing's crime, Xianzong arrested him and sent him to prison, punishing 19 of his followers to guard the border and confiscate their troops. He beheaded Wang Jing in the market and sent his head to Nanjing. In the 20th year of Chenghua (1484), Xianzong changed Wang Shu to minister of the Ministry of war of Nanjing. At this time, Qian Neng also guarded Nanjing and said to people, "prince, I'm a man of heaven. I just serve him respectfully." Wang Shu is honest with him, and Qian Neng has finally been restrained a lot. At that time, Lin Jun was put into prison. Wang shushangshu said: "there is only one altar in heaven and earth, and there is only one temple for ancestors, but there are more than 1000 temples for Buddhas. There are hundreds of immigrants to build a temple, which costs tens of thousands of taels of money from the state treasury. This is very inappropriate. Lin Jun is right. He should not be convicted. " Xianzong was not happy to see the memorial. Wang Shu made a leisurely statement of the matter without any evasion. In response to the imperial edict, he stated his political affairs 21 times and put forward suggestions 39 times. All of them tried their best to prevent the pranks of the powerful and favored officials. People all over the world admired him. Whenever there was an unreasonable situation in political affairs, someone would say, "why didn't the prince say it?" Or say: "the memorial of the prince will arrive soon." After that, Wang Shu's Shuwen arrived. At that time, the ballad said: "there are 12 departments in Beijing and Nanjing, and there is only one Wang Shu." He was hated by all the powerful and favorite ministers, and Xianzong was also tired of him.

Forced to resign

In the 22nd year of Chenghua (1486), Emperor Xianzong began to serve as a missionary officer. Wang Shu's admonition was more profound, and Emperor Xianzong was even more unhappy. Wang Shu had been appointed Prince Shaobao before. When Ma xianshangshu, the Minister of the Ministry of war of Nanjing, asked to resign, Xianzong suddenly attached his retirement as Prince Shaobao in his approval. The officials of the government and the opposition were shocked to learn of this. Wang Shu served as governor for many times, from the minister to the minister, all in Nanjing. Because I like to be outspoken, I can't stay in the court. When he returned to his hometown, he became more and more famous, and his courtiers constantly recommended him. Wang Chun, the head of the Ministry of work, compared Wang Shu to Ji'an in the Western Han Dynasty, and he was even condemned by the staff and was demoted to be a Tui official in Sinan Prefecture.

Resume employment

It was not until Zhu Youchu, Emperor Xiaozong of the Ming Dynasty, ascended the throne that he accepted the recommendation of the court officials and called Wang Shu to serve as the Minister of the Ministry of official affairs, and soon he became the crown prince and Taibao. Previously, officials who impeached Liu Ji, a cabinet bachelor, both inside and outside the DPRK, were bound to recommend Wang Shu, and Liu Ji resented Wang Shu. Whatever Wang Shu says

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