Wang Bo

Wang Bo

Wang Bo (about 650 ~ 676), zi'an, was born in Longmen County, Jiangzhou (now Hejin City, Shanxi Province). In the Tang Dynasty, he was a literary scholar, a scholar, and the grandson of Wenzi Wang Tong. Together with Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang, he was known as the "four heroes of the early Tang Dynasty".

Wang Bo is intelligent and studious. At the age of six, he is able to write well. He is praised as a "child prodigy". When he was nine years old, he read Yan shigu's notes to Hanshu and wrote ten volumes of zhixia to correct his mistakes. When he was 16 years old, he was a Jinshi, and he was awarded the literature of chaosanlang and Peiwang (Lixian). He wrote "fight against the rooster" and was dismissed from office. Visit Bashu mountains and scenery, create a lot of poetry. After returning to Chang'an, Guozhou was granted the right to join the army, killed officials and slaves privately, and was demoted twice.

In August of the third year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (676), when Wang Bo came back from Jiaozhi to visit his father, he crossed the sea, drowned and died of fright. He is good at five temperament and five Jue, and has written Wang Zian Ji, etc.

Life of the characters

Early experience

Wang Bo was very intelligent when he was young. He was able to write poems when he was six years old. His poems were ingeniously conceived and his feelings were heroic. He was praised by his father's good friend Du Yi as one of the "three trees of Wang family", which shows that Wang Bo showed outstanding literary talent in his early years.

At the age of nine, after reading Hanshu annotated by Yan shigu, Wang Bo wrote ten volumes of zhixia, pointing out the mistakes in Yan shigu's works, which shows that Wang Bo was learned and talented in his early years.

When he was ten years old, Wang Bo had a good view of the six classics.

When he was 12 to 14 years old, Wang Bo followed Cao Yuan to study medicine in Chang'an. He studied Zhouyi, Huangdi Neijing, Nanjing, etc. he knew about "the number of jade chambers in Mingtang and the affairs of Sancai Liujia".

When he was 16 years old, he was appointed chaosanlang.

Official without title

In the third year of longshuo (663), Wang Bo returned to his hometown and wrote "Shangguan Sima Shu of shangjiangzhou" and other articles, looking for opportunities and actively becoming an official.

In the autumn of the first year of Linde (664), Wang Bo wrote to Liu xiangdao to express his political views and his determination to actively use the world, which won Liu xiangdao's praise

In the second year of Linde's reign, he presented "Ode to Qianyuan Palace" to Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty through Huangfu Changbo, in order to promote his official career.

In the first year of Qianfeng (666), Li Changbo wrote an article entitled "Ode to Chen you's visit to Dongyue", and then he gave it to chaosanlang, who became the youngest official in the imperial court. After that, he began to think about the spring, and wrote "Ode to Qianyuan Palace", which was gorgeous and startled Shengting. Seeing this eulogy, Emperor Gaozong of the Tang Dynasty praised the merits and virtues of the song. It was the work of a child prodigy who did not reach the weak crown. He exclaimed: "prodigy, prodigy, I'm a prodigy of the Tang Dynasty!" Wang Bo, together with Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin and Luo Binwang, was named "four outstanding men of the early Tang Dynasty" and ranked first.

The curse of cockfighting Fu

After Wang Bo became the court's Sanlang, he was introduced by the chief examiner as the editor of Pei Wang's mansion, and won the favor of Li Xian, the Pei king. Once, Li Xian, the king of Pei, fought with Li Xian, the king of Ying. Wang Bo wrote an article called on the king of Ying to fight against the king of Ying. Unexpectedly, when this article was handed down to Emperor Gaozong of Tang Dynasty, his holy face was not happy. After reading it, he was angry and sighed: "crooked talent, crooked talent! Wang Bo, as a doctor, didn't admonish him, but made an official statement (the ancient government announcement or the document of denouncing or denouncing a crime, also referred to the article of criticizing or denouncing a crime with strong fighting power). He deliberately made up and exaggerated the situation. He should be expelled from the Palace immediately. " Tang Gaozong believed that this article was intended to sow discord and ordered him to be expelled from Chang'an. Therefore, Wang Bo was expelled. With his talent and painstaking efforts, his newly established official career was destroyed.

Second demotion

Wang Bo's second attack was to kill the slaves he hid when he joined the army in Guozhou. In the autumn and winter of the second year of Xianheng (671), Wang Bo returned to Chang'an from Shu to participate in the election. His friend Ling Jiyou was the judge of Guozhou at that time. He said that Guozhou was rich in medicine, but he knew medicine and herbs, so he got a military position in Guozhou. When he was in Guozhou and joined the army, there was a crime committed by an official slave named Cao da. He hid the criminal. Later, he was afraid of divulging information, so he killed Cao DA and committed a capital crime. Thanks to the amnesty, Wang Bo was not executed. However, according to the records in the old book of Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo's hiding of Cao Da was actually a trap laid by people who had a festival with Wang Bo.

Return to the South China Sea

Wang Bo's killing of Cao Da, an official slave, implicated his father Wang Fuchou. Wang Fuchou was demoted to Jiaozhi county magistrate after joining the army from Sigong of Yongzhou, and was banished to the South wasteland. The attack on Wang Bo is far more than the punishment on himself. Although Wang Bo is a dissolute man, his basic principle of living in the world is based on the Confucian etiquette. Wang Bo expressed his guilt for his father in his novel "a hundred Li Chang Yan Shu": "what can you say if you are still young! It's a deep shame. Cheng Yi's death is to thank your father Today, my Lord went up to Yanguo and killed the border towns. Floating out of three rivers and five lakes, crossing east ou and crossing the South China Sea. Ho ho! There is no escape from the crime of this explosion between heaven and earth. " From this, we can understand Wang Bo's strong shame and remorse.

After Wang Bo was released from prison, he stayed at home for more than a year. At this time, the imperial court announced that he would resume his old job. He had already regarded the official sea as a timid way and did not accept it. In the autumn of the second year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (675), he set out from Luoyang and went down to Henan. In the middle of August, he arrived at Huaiyin, then went from Huaiyin to Chuzhou, left Chuzhou and continued to go down to Henan. After entering the Yangtze River, turn westward to Jiangning.

In the spring and summer of about the third year of the Shang Yuan Dynasty (676), Wang Bo had gone to Wang Fuchou, the magistrate of Jiaozhi County, and met his father, who was in a difficult life. Soon afterwards, Wang Bo set out on his way home. It was summer and the South China Sea was stormy. Unfortunately, Wang Bo drowned and died of fright.

Main achievements

Ideological aspect

Wang Bo's thought and personality blend with Confucianism, Buddhism and Taoism. He directly inherited the Confucianism of his grandfather Wang Tong, advocated benevolent government, longed for fame, and hoped to help the world. Although he went up and down in the official world, it was still difficult to give up when and how to help the world. From the perspective of personality spirit, Wang Bo is first of all a Confucianist. He is ambitious and enterprising; he is brilliant and brilliant; but at the same time, he is also broad-minded and lacks strategy. Secondly, he was proud, proud, contemptuous and contemptuous. Wang Bo believes in Buddhism and believes that Buddhism contains profound philosophy and plays an important role in society.

Poetry

Wang Bo's poems directly inherited the spirit of advocating Confucianism and attaching importance to Confucianism in Zhenguan period, and infused with a new atmosphere of the times. They are magnificent, bright and generous. Specifically speaking, the farewell poems are majestic and magnificent, such as farewell to Du Shaofu in Shuzhou, which comforts the friends in the sea, and the ends of the world are like neighbors. The mood is broad, sweeping away the deep feeling of parting. Or they are beautiful and quiet, vaguely misty, such as farewell to the moon at the river Pavilion, and the other two are "disordered smoke cage, blue building, flying to the south end of the moon.". It depicts a beautiful picture of a moonlit night by the river. The picture is beautiful and misty, which makes people intoxicated. Or it focuses on expressing the sadness of one's life experience, such as farewell to Xue Hua. The whole poem does not express the feeling of parting, but expresses the sadness of one's life experience all the time. The image of "smoke" appears very frequently in Wang Bo's farewell poems, which is the external expression of Wang Bo's confusion and perplexity about his future and destiny. For example, in "farewell to Wang Changshi in autumn", the field is shrouded in the thick autumn fog, cold and hazy, the mountain peaks in the distance are gathered and dignified in the heavy haze, and the mountain light and wild color appear vague in the cold fog and dusk Dreams are illusory. Acacia poems express the feelings of the guests thousands of miles away: missing hometown, missing relatives and friends, and grieving for spring. For example, Ji Chun expresses deep homesickness through scenery. Garden landscape poetry is not only vivid and refined, but also beautiful and full of vitality, such as Jiao Xing. At the same time, he made a new attempt in the description technique and the development of poetic realm, and achieved remarkable artistic effect. The poems not only fully show the magnificent scenery on the way to Sichuan, but also show the deep sadness and profound connotation because of the stagnant atmosphere.

In terms of Ci and Fu

Wang Bo's Fu is an important part of Fu in early Tang Dynasty, which marks the prosperity of Fu style in early Tang Dynasty. Wang Bo's parallel prose inherits Xu Ling's and Yu Xin's artistic style (with exquisite, natural and appropriate antithesis; harmonious rhyme, no matter rhyme or in sentence, palace merchants are interested in pursuing the harmony of rhyme and expression; appropriate use of things to achieve the harmony of allusion and expression; skillful use of four or six sentence patterns as the main sentence pattern, and skillfully use the staggered changes of long and short sentences, and at the same time, note the spirit of scattered movement, so as to make the style of parallel prose The article is fluent in the condensation, but it also focuses on the fresh wind, and vibrates with the spirit of dispersing, so that the parallel prose changes from tedious to elegant, and from stagnant to fluent, creating a high-quality and vivid style of the times, which makes the parallel prose leap to a new level. Compared with other scholars of the same period in the early Tang Dynasty, Wang Bo was very good at expressing his feelings, expressing his will and showing his character. The concrete performance is: in his fu, he shows his eagerness to live. When his ideal was frustrated and his official career was frustrated, he expressed his lofty quality and good personality in the Fu, and expressed his melancholy, indignation and uprightness. Nevertheless, he never gave up his desire for fame and future, such as chunsi Fu and Cailian Fu.

Wang Bofu can be regarded as a true reflection of his psychological journey and a witness of his persistent pursuit of ideals and achievements. The preface of Wang Bo's banquet is full of temperament, painting beauty and bold momentum, such as the preface of Youshan temple; the preface of gift is full of true feelings, such as the preface of farewell in autumn. Wang Bo in Ci Fu

Chinese PinYin : Wang Bo