Sha Yuanbing

Sha Yuanbing

Sha Yuanbing (1864-1927), whose name was Jianan, was nicknamed "Yiran" in his later years. Born in Rugao County, Zhili Prefecture, Tongzhou, Jiangsu Province (now Rugao City, Jiangsu Province), a scholar and official family, poet. In modern times, Rugao was the most virtuous place. Guangxu 20 years (1894) in the Jinshi, after the Imperial Academy editor. After the failure of the reform movement in 1898, he resigned and returned to his hometown on the grounds of his parents' high age, and changed his study "siyintang" to "zhiyitang" to show his retirement. He is committed to the development of industry, education and other undertakings for the benefit of Sangzi. He advocates "enlightening people's wisdom, resisting insults and striving for strength, washing away national humiliation and invigorating China". After the outbreak of the revolution of 1911, he was elected as the chief of civil affairs of Rugao county. In 1913, he was elected as the speaker of Jiangsu provincial assembly, but he did not give up. Later, he also served as president of Rugao County Water Conservancy Association, director of Qingzhang Bureau and director of fund production department.

Sha Yuanbing was enthusiastic about local public welfare, such as water conservancy and charity, and helped to establish Rugao public hospital. To set up industries, such as: Guangfeng pickled leg company, Guangfeng oil company, guangfengde traditional Chinese medicine, Gaoming electric company, Dingfeng mill, Yuru bank and guangshengde traditional Chinese medicine shop. Many schools were founded in Rugao, such as Rugao public primary school of higher education, Rugao public simple normal school, Rugao county junior high school, Rugao B business school, etc. He has invested in Dasheng yarn factory, Guangsheng oil factory, Xinsheng flour factory, Zisheng iron factory, Shanghai dada shipping company, dada inland river shipping company and coastal reclamation and animal husbandry companies in Nantong. He wrote Rugao county annals. There are 18 volumes of zhiyitang poetry anthology, including more than 800 poems.

Life of the characters

Sha Yuanbing (1864-1927), whose name is Jian'an, was born in Rugao, Jiangsu Province, a family of literate officials for generations.

In 1881, he was admitted as a scholar at the age of 17. In 1891, he went to Nanjing for the provincial examination. In 1892, he went to Beijing for the examination of Gongshi. In 1894, he went to the palace for the examination of Jinshi. He was deeply appreciated by Weng Tonghe, the teacher of the emperor. After Weng's recommendation, he went to the Imperial Academy for further study and was granted the editing and editing of the Imperial Academy.

Just as he was preparing to show his ambition, the "1898 coup" shocked the whole country. On the grounds of his parents' high age, he resigned and returned to his hometown, changing his study "siyintang" to "zhiyitang".

In 1904, Sha Yuanbing was promoted as the president of Rugao County business branch.

In 1911, Rugao responded positively to Wuchang's uprising. Sha Yuanbing borrowed 300000 yuan from Shanghai Office of Dasheng yarn factory, and sent Huang Jiarui to Shanghai to buy 300 rifles, 10 pistols and tens of thousands of bullets. He united with Rugao's "anti smuggling camp" to organize a new army and announce Rugao's recovery. Sha Yuanbing was elected as the head of Rugao county.

In 1913, Sha Yuanbing was elected president of Jiangsu Provincial Council. Soon after, Sha Yuanbing resigned on the ground that "the sick are not enough to serve". He thought that "the trouble in the world is no greater than the one who serves in his name and has nothing to do". And "the speaker of Parliament is the one who is entrusted by the people of 60 counties in the north and south of guwujiang River to express his intention; the speaker of Parliament is also the one who is considered to be the first thing by hundreds of monarchs of parliament". He did not want to resign because he delayed a major event.

In 1914, Sha Yuanbing was appointed president of the County Water Conservancy Association and director of the Qingzhang Bureau.

In 1915, Sha Yuanbing set up the Bureau of Surveying and mapping, presided over the compilation of Rugao county annals, mapped Rugao county map, and drew many detailed drawings of the whole county and a city map. During his illness, he called his friend and assistant Jin Zhen to "sit by the couch and discuss the words". However, Rugao county annals "had not been finished for a long time, so he held his last grudge.". Although "Sha Yuanbing" does not stop chanting when Pepsi rush. But in the country literature, the discussion is particularly diligent. In his later years, he explored and studied neidian (Buddhist Scriptures) and practiced "Jingye".

After his death on January 29, 1927 (December 26, 1926 in the lunar calendar), his posthumous works were composed by his disciples Xiang Benyuan, Yao zuzhao, etc.

Personal thoughts

Saving the nation through education

He believed that to save the country, we must revitalize education and cultivate professionals with "the reality of everything.". Therefore, he was determined to start with the establishment of normal schools and solve the problem of teachers first. At that time, it happened that the Qing government abolished the system and promoted schools. He planned to establish Rugao normal school with Zhang Fan, and invited Zhang Jian to wait for Rugao to discuss relevant issues. In September 1902, Rugao normal school officially began teaching. Rugao normal school is the first public normal school in China. Since then, he also founded the primary school affiliated to Rugao normal school and Rugao private B business school.

In the 26th year of the reign of Emperor Guangxu, the Qing Empire was in turmoil. Rugao public simple normal school was born on the North Bank of the Yangtze River Estuary. This is the first local public modern normal school in China, which was founded with the purpose of "enlightening people's wisdom, resisting insults, striving for strength, washing away national humiliation and invigorating China". This is also the classic work of Sha Yuanbing's life.

For the sake of this normal school, Sha Yuanbing not only went to Nantong personally to consult Zhang Jian, but also invited Zhang Jian to Rugao for on-site guidance. It is necessary to determine the location of the school, raise funds, plan the school buildings and employ teachers. At the same time, he sent teachers and outstanding students to Japan to study mathematics and chemistry, world history and geography, pedagogy and other subjects. He also hired four teachers from Japan, including Pianshan and Jiangnan. Therefore, it is not surprising that Rugao normal school can still see the shadow of Hongwen college in Japan.

In the 1970s, a senior official of the central Ministry of education visited the school and exclaimed: This is the best preserved academy pattern of Song Dynasty in China! At the entrance of the two courtyards, one enters the five halls and passes through the front hall, which are named "SONGFENG", "Xihua", "Tianzhu" and "Yulan" in turn. In the middle corridor, the old appearance of the lecture halls on both sides has not changed for a hundred years. The four halls are all connected by cloisters. We can walk in rainy days without wet feet. From these details of humanistic care, we can still feel how carefree and warm the founder was. East courtyard layers of courtyard, wintersweet flowers bloom and fade, lush vegetation.

In 1901, Rugao public higher primary school, the first public primary school in China, was founded.

In November 1911, the league members of the school led the students to the streets to welcome the "restoration" with great joy; in June 1919, more than 200 teachers and students responded to the call of the May 4th Movement and went to the streets to check and burn Japanese goods; in 1922, the second year after the founding of the Communist Party of China, some Communists came in and out from here and sowed fire on the land of the river and the sea Over the past 100 years, countless national elites, century heroes, scholars and professors have emerged from this place, as well as two education ministers from the Kuomintang and the Communist Party.

Saving the nation through industry

He devoted himself to setting up industry for the benefit of Sangzi. As a reformer, he advocated "enlightening the people, resisting insults, striving for strength, washing away national humiliation and invigorating China".

Sha Yuanbing and Zhang Jian of Nantong are of the same branch and are of the same spirit. During the 1898 coup, when the state affairs were changing, neither of them had any intention of official career. Zhang Jian founded a school and industry because of his filial piety at home; Sha Yuanbing also resigned and returned home, devoted to education and industry. They are not only good friends, but also close comrades in arms. They echo from north to South and keep pace with each other to benefit the land of the river and the sea.

Under the influence of the thought of "saving the country through industry", he followed Zhang Jian to establish industry. He invested in Dasheng yarn factory, Guangsheng oil factory, Xinsheng flour factory and Zisheng iron factory in Nantong; he also invested in Yangtze River dada shipping company, Tongyang inland river shipping company and coastal reclamation and animal husbandry companies in Shanghai. In Rugao, he raised funds to establish Guangfeng pickled leg company in 1895, and hired Lanxi master to preside over the pickled processing in Rugao. In 1910, the Nanyang Business Promotion Association won Rugao Guangfeng ham "excellent Honor Award"; in 1914, the Panama Pacific World Expo in San Francisco won Rugao Guangfeng ham "Gold Award"; today, Rugao ham, Jinhua ham and Xuanwei ham won the "Gold Award" He is also known as the "three famous legs" of the country and is exported to America. Mr. Sha's contribution can not be forgotten.

In 1918, Rugao's first thermal power plant was born at the north end of gaojiaxiang, which made Rucheng bid farewell to the backward situation of lighting with candles and kerosene lamps. The founder and leader of "Gaoming electric lamp company" was Sha Yuanbing.

In 1919, the first Rugao county public hospital was established in shajiahetang. Sha Yuanbing promoted western medicine and became the first president. In the year of the epidemic of infectious diseases in Northern Jiangsu, "public hospitals" treated many patients in Rugao. Later, the "public hospital" was moved to yirenqiao Henan Province, becoming the predecessor of today's Rugao people's hospital.

After that, he also raised funds to establish Dingfeng mill, Yuru bank and guangshengde traditional Chinese medicine shop.

For the good of the people

Sha Yuanbing deeply loves his hometown Rugao. He said, "Wu Gao, director of Huaizhi Committee, South Binjiang, northeast Binjiang, is like a meeting of traffic", "fertile soil and water, half plough and double gain"; he is determined to make efforts to "reform and reform, strengthen and stand firm, improve the group, enrich its strength, enrich its wealth, fill it with learning, and accept all laws"; he believes that "there are days and people, who can't rise in a hundred mile county and compete for the first place in the world"? In Rugao, Sha Yuanbing devoted himself to hard work. Apart from his old friend Zhang Jian, he seldom interacted with literati and bureaucrats. "Today's officials and ministers often don't answer their questions in the mail box," and "they know each other's surnames in their whole lives, and they often serve the cloth clothes and other people in the countryside.". Like Zhang Jian in Tongzhou and Haimen, Sha Yuanbing worked hard in Rugao and did almost everything that was beneficial to the national economy and the people's livelihood.

From politics to economy, from transportation to water conservancy, from education to health care, Sha Yuanbing not only had a long-term vision, but also practiced it, which made our tiny ancient city quickly catch up with the pace of the times. Wu, a famous scholar from Rugao

Chinese PinYin : Sha Yuan Bing