Fu lie

Fu lie

Fu lie (1899-1928) was originally named Jianxian, but his pseudonyms were Hede, Heze and xubokai. Shangdundu, Linchuan, Jiangxi. The first Secretary of Sichuan provincial Party committee. Revolutionary martyrs.

Personal profile

Fu lie was born in a small business family. In 1914, he was admitted to the seventh middle school of Jiangxi Province. After graduation, he was sent to demaomidian of Jiujiang by his father as an apprentice and went to Gaozhi Model Primary School of Jiujiang to teach. In 1917, he was admitted to nanweilie Church University. In 1919, he was sent to Shanghai wuchangtai rice factory as an apprentice by his father. In May 1920, he went to work study in France. He worked as a mechanic in the Harvard music factory in Paris, and at the same time he went to montani public school to study French and motor. Influenced by the May 4th movement, he devoted himself to the work study movement in France. In September, Li Weihan participated in the conference of members of the world society of engineering and learning held in mondar middle school, and agreed to take the belief in Marxism and the implementation of Russian style socialism as the purpose of the society. In 1921, he joined the work study world society, participated in the patriotic petition activities of students studying in France, and met Zhou Enlai, Cai Hesen, Li Fuchun, Li Weihan, Zhao Shiyan and others. In 1922, he participated in the organization of the Chinese Youth Communist Party in Europe. In February 1923, he changed his name to the branch of the Chinese Socialist Youth League in Europe. Fu lie was Secretary of the branch directly under Paris and member of the general branch in Europe. He joined the Communist Party of China in 1924. In October, he was sent by the European branch of the Communist Party of China to study with Nie Rongzhen, Cai Chang and other 20 people in Moscow Oriental Labor University.

He returned to China in the summer of 1925 and served as the Secretary of the Political Department of the third army of the National Revolutionary Army, assisting Zhu kejing, the party representative and director of the political department, in carrying out the political work of the whole army. In October, the army pacified the rebellion of Deng benyin, a warlord who occupied Hainan Island. In the spring of 1926, he accepted the dispatch of Chen Yannian, Secretary of the CPC Guangdong and Guangxi District Committee, and led the intelligence team to collect intelligence in Guangzhou, Huangpu, Dongguan, Shilong and other places, which enabled the District Committee to take the initiative in the struggle against the Kuomintang rightists. In July, he joined the northern expedition. After occupying Nanchang on November 18, he served as secretary of Jiangxi provincial government and Political Department of the third army. In February 1927, the Jiangxi District Committee of the Communist Party of China was established as the head of organization and Secretary of the Military Commission, actively developing the party's organization and establishing the peasant self-defense army.

In May 1927, he was transferred to the military department of the CPC Central Committee in Wuhan. In view of the situation that a large number of Communist Party members were killed and Party organizations were seriously damaged in the "March 31" massacre in Sichuan, in July, the Party Central Committee sent Fu lie to Sichuan to rebuild Party organizations and carry out armed struggle. In August, the Sichuan Provincial provisional Committee of the Communist Party of China was established in Chongqing as secretary to convey the spirit of the "August 7th" meeting of the CPC Central Committee, rectify and develop the party's organizations, and actively prepare to launch peasant riots. In less than half a year, the party committees of Chongqing and Chengdu, Wanxian, Xuanhan, Daxian, Fuling, Pujiang, Nanxi and Mianzhu, 13 special committees and 4 communication points were rebuilt, and 442 registered party members were cleared. Through organizational rectification and ideological education, the pessimistic and wavering mood within the party was eliminated, and the party organization in Sichuan was consolidated and developed.

In February 1928, at the enlarged meeting of the provisional provincial Party committee, Fu lie made a report entitled "Sichuan riot action outline". At the meeting, he was elected secretary of the CPC Sichuan Provincial Committee and Secretary of the Military Commission. After the meeting, he actively led and deployed the peasant armed uprising in Sichuan, especially in eastern Sichuan, and assigned Li Jiajun and others to launch peasant uprisings in Wanxian and Daxian counties. On March 9, when he presided over the founding meeting of Baxian county Party committee (Chongqing municipal Party committee) at No. 8 Xinglong lane, Chongqing, he was suddenly surrounded by police and was unfortunately arrested. During his detention, he was subjected to all kinds of torture and remained unyielding. Once he was tortured, he poured kerosene into his mouth, put iron wire into his thumb and hung it up to beat him severely. However, he still kept the secret and encouraged his friends to protect their lives and comrades. While Party organizations were actively carrying out rescue, they were brutally killed by Kuomintang reactionaries at chaotianmenwai, Chongqing, on April 3. They were only 29 years old. Before the execution, he was awe inspiring, shouting slogans such as "down with imperialism" and "proletarians unite" along the way. In the letter to his wife Chen Caiyong, he expressed his infinite loyalty to the revolutionary cause of the proletariat by "fighting for five feet of head blood and winning the red land all over China".

On November 5, 1978, the CPC Sichuan Provincial Committee delegation made a special trip to Nanchang to visit Fu lie's family. The inscription reads: "the people of Sichuan cherish the memory of Comrade Fu lie, the first Secretary of the CPC Sichuan Provincial Committee.".

Life experience

He was sent to Sichuan in the face of danger

On April 12, 1927, after Chiang Kai Shek launched an anti revolutionary coup in Shanghai, Wang Jingwei announced his break with the Communist Party on July 15, and the domestic political situation suddenly reversed. Under the bloody slogan of "it is better to kill a thousand people in vain than to make one person escape the net", a large number of Communists and revolutionary masses in Shanghai, Guangzhou, Changsha, Wuhan and other places were killed and arrested, and the whole country fell into a bloody storm, and the young communist Party of China is facing a severe test. According to the incomplete statistics made by the Sixth National Congress of the Communist Party of China, from March 1927 to the first half of 1928, more than 30000 Communists and revolutionary masses were killed, including more than 26000 Communists. Chen Yannian, Zhao Shiyan, Luo Yinong, Xiang Jingyu, Xia Minghan, Guo Liang and other party activists who were respected and loved by the masses during the great revolution were sacrificed by the enemy.

Before Fu lie came to Sichuan, the revolutionary situation here was as dangerous as the whole country. The struggle between revolution and counter revolution is intensifying day by day. On March 24 of this year, the CPC Chongqing prefectural committee decided that the anti British Datong League of Chongqing workers, peasants, businessmen, and soldiers would hold a public protest meeting and a demonstration in DAGUANBA on March 31. It also opposed the Sichuan warlord Liu Xiang to secretly sign a loan treaty with imperialism with Sichuan Yunnan Railway as collateral. On March 31, more than 20000 people from Chongqing Federation of trade unions, farmers' associations, students' federations, women's federations, business associations and citizens gathered to shoot at the dam. At about 11 a.m., as the meeting was about to begin, Liu Xiang's soldiers from the base of the third division of the 21st army's Wang mausoleum and the LAN Wenbin division of the seventh division, as well as the members of the civilian regiment affiliated to Cao Xieyang and Shen Wenying in Baxian County, dressed up in disguise, killed 137 people and injured more than 1000 people on the spot, creating a "March 1 tragedy" that shocked China and foreign countries. On April 1, ran Jun, the person in charge of the Chongqing Municipal Committee of the Communist Party of China, was killed by the warlord in plain clothes on the street when he went out for liaison work. That night, Yang * = Gong, Secretary of the CPC Chongqing prefectural committee, called a meeting of some party members and cadres to deploy emergency measures, decided to go to Wuhan in person to report to the Central Committee and attend the party's Fifth National Congress. On April 4, Mr. Yang left Chongqing for the Han Dynasty and was arrested on the ship. On April 6, he died at futuguan.

On the afternoon of May 22, members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee held a talk meeting on the Sichuan issue during the "Fifth National Congress". General secretary Chen Duxiu, member of the Political Bureau Cai Hesen, Acting Secretary General of the central committee Chen qiaonian, Secretary of the central Ministry of farmers and member of the Central Committee of agriculture Ren Xu, member of Chongqing Prefectural Committee Wu Yuzhang, alternate member of Chongqing Prefectural Committee Li Jiazhong, acting director of Propaganda Department of Chongqing prefectural committee Zhong Mengxia, etc. attended the meeting. On June 6, the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee decided to appoint Fu lie (Fu Jianxian) as the temporary secretary of the Sichuan provincial Party committee. In mid July, when Fu lie arrived in Hankou, the Central Committee appointed Fu lie, Zhong Mengxia, Liu Piyun, Zhou gongzhi and Liu Shaoqing to form the provisional provincial Party committee. As soon as Fu lie arrived, he soon created a new situation in his work under the arduous and complicated situation.

Attach importance to the party's organizational construction and propaganda and ideological work

On May 9, 1920, Fu lie went to France to work and Study on the French "gaurtille". From September to October, under the sponsorship of Cai Hesen, he attended the general meeting of all members held by Li Weihan in mondar middle school, and conscientiously studied Marx and Engels' Manifesto of the Communist Party. In February 1923, when Zhou Enlai was appointed secretary of the Communist Youth League of China in Europe, Fu lie was Secretary of the Paris branch of the Communist Youth League of China in Europe and a member of the headquarters in Europe. At the beginning of 1924, fulie joined the Communist Party of China in France. In September and October, Fu lie, Nie Rongzhen, Cai Chang, Rao laijie and other 20 people went to the Soviet Union to study. There, he systematically studied Marxist theory, the history of the October Revolution of Russia and the political work experience of the Soviet Red Army, improved his political level and fighting ability, and understood the importance of strengthening the construction of the party organization. These experiences are a good reference for Fu lie to rectify Sichuan Party organizations.

On August 6, 1927, when Fu lie arrived in Chongqing, he immediately established the Sichuan provisional Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China and began to clean up and restore the party and Youth League organizations. Fu lie served as secretary of the provisional provincial Party committee and Secretary of the Military Commission, Zhong Mengxia, Minister of organization, Liu Piyun, Minister of propaganda, Zhou gongzhi, Minister of peasants, Cheng Zijian, Secretary of the workers' Movement Committee, Cheng Zhongcang, Secretary General of the provincial Party committee, and Liu Yuanan, Secretary General of the provincial Party committee. Under the leadership of Fu lie, the provisional provincial Party committee successively issued No. 1-8 important circulars, which analyzed and estimated the situation of the party in Sichuan after the "March 31 Massacre", stressed the strengthening of organization and discipline, required local organizations and Party members to quickly resume their activities, took advantage of the contradictions between warlords, mobilized farmers in the countryside and fought for soldiers in the army, and stipulated that Party organizations in all localities should follow the five principles of the Communist Party of China According to the provisions of the party constitution, the municipal Party committee, district Party committee and branch should be rectified.

By the end of August, the party organization directly under the leadership of the provincial Party committee had a district committee, 10 special branches and 314 party members. In order to improve the party organizations at all levels as soon as possible, Fu lie set up the Chongqing District Committee, and changed the District Committee to the Municipal Committee in September. In the vicinity of Chongqing, two county committees of Jiangjin and Hechuan and four special branches of Qijiang have been established. By the end of December, the party organizations under the direct leadership of the provisional provincial Party committee had two municipal Party committees, eight county Party committees and 10 special branches, and the number of Party members in the province had grown to more than 600

Chinese PinYin : Fu Lie